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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 54 issue 1 (january 2020) : 106-109,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3730

Comparison of atracurium and vecuronium as muscle relaxants for ocular and orthopaedic interventions in dogs

R
Rohit Kumar
A
Adarsh Kumar
A
Amit Kumar
S
S.P. Tyagi
1Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, DGCN COVAS, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Cite article:- Kumar Rohit, Kumar Adarsh, Kumar Amit, Tyagi S.P. (2019). Comparison of atracurium and vecuronium as muscle relaxants for ocular and orthopaedic interventions in dogs. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(1): 106-109. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3730.

ABSTRACT

Twenty adult dogs of either sex, divided into 2 equal groups were used for evaluation of atracurium (0.5 mg/kg IV) and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg IV) in atropine-butorphanol-diazepam premedicated and propofol (till effect IV) induced dogs which were further maintained on isoflurane with controlled IPPV mode of the ventilator for positive pressure ventilation. A total of 13 ophthalmic and 7 orthopaedic interventions were done in both the groups. Pulmonary parameters were measured at baseline (pre-operative), just after induction and at 5, 15, 30 and 45 minutes after the administration of NMBA and the recovery parameters were recorded after weaning from the anaesthetic gas. The eyeballs deviated to the ventro-medial position after the induction with diazepam and propofol and resumed the central position within 30 seconds of atracurium or vecuronium administration thus, proving highly beneficial for the eye globe and corneal interventions. On a comparative basis, atracurium and vecuronium provided muscle relaxation for 40.1 ± 4.71 and 37.7 ± 1.01 minutes respectively. Uniform and pronounced muscle relaxation along with excellent sedation was found in both the groups. All pulmonary parameters remained within normal range. Following discontinuation of the isoflurane, the time taken to bear weight was 38.88 ± 1.45 and 39.63 ± 4.08 minutes in the atracurium and vecuronium groups respectively. 

REFERENCES

  1. Auer U. (2007). Clinical observations on the use of the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide in the dog. Veterinary Journal 173(2):422-7.
  2. Eger EI 2nd, Dolan WM, Stevens WC, Miller RD and Way WL. (1972). Surgical stimulation antagonizes the respiratory depression produced by forane. Anesthesiology 36(6):544-9.
  3. France CJ, Plumer HM and Eger El II, (1974). Ventilatory effects of isoflurane and halothane when combined with morphine, nitrous oxide and surgery. Vritish Journal of Anaesthesia 46:117-120.
  4. Gelatt K and Gelatt J. (2011). Surgical procedures of the lens and cataract in veterinary ophthalmic surgery. 1st edition. Elsevier. P 305-355.
  5. Goodman MN, Black AMS and Carter JA. (1987). Some ventilatory effects of propofol as sole anaesthetic agent. British Journal of Anaesthesia 59: 1497-1503.
  6. Hall LW and Weaver BMQ. (1954). Some notes on balanced anaesthesia for the dog and cat. Veterinary Record 66:289-293.
  7. Jones RS and Clutton RE. (1984). Clinical observations on the use of the muscle relaxant atracurium in the dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice 25:473–477.
  8. Jones RS and Seymour CJ. (1985). Clinical observations on the use of vecuronium as a muscle relaxant in the dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice 26:213-218.
  9. Jones RS. (1992). Muscle relaxants in canine anaesthesia 1: History and the drugs. Journal of Small Animal Practice 33:371–375.
  10. Kapil N. (2014). Clinical evaluation of ketamine, propofol or ketamine-propofol admixture (ketofol) for induction anaesthesia in diazepam-butorphanol premedicated and isoflurane maintained dogs. MVSc thesis, p48. Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, CSKHPKV Palampur, India.
  11. Kruljc P, Nemec Alenka, Vintar Neli and Butinar J. (2003). Relation between end-tidal and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure during general anaesthesia with spontaneous breathing and controlled ventilation in dogs–an experimental study. Acta Veterinaria (Beograd) 53(5-6):283-296.
  12. McMurphy RM, Davidson HJ and Hodgson DS. (2004). Effects of atracurium on intraocular pressure, eye position, and blood pressure in eucapnic and hypocapnic isoflurane-anesthetized dogs. American Journal Veterinary Research 65(2):179-82.
  13. Rauser P, Crha M, Sivkova A, Zapletalova J and Korytarova N. (2015). Influence of atracurium on selected cardiovascular and respiratory variables and surgical times in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy with a standardised ventilation pattern. Veterinarni Medicina 60(2): 94–100.
  14. Salyer SW. (2007). Pulmonary Emergencies. Essential Emergency Medicine: 873-874. doi:10.1016/b978-141602971-7.10015-7.
  15. Steffey EP, Eisele JH, Baggot JD, Woliner MJ, Jarvis KA and Elliot AR. (1993). Influence of Inhaled Anesthetics on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Morphine. Anaesthesia and Analgesia 77:346-352.
  16. Tranquilli WJ, Thurmon JC and Grimm KA. (2007). Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. 4th ed. Lumb & Jones Blackwell. Oxford: 
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    Research Article

    volume 54 issue 1 (january 2020) : 106-109,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3730

    Comparison of atracurium and vecuronium as muscle relaxants for ocular and orthopaedic interventions in dogs

    R
    Rohit Kumar
    A
    Adarsh Kumar
    A
    Amit Kumar
    S
    S.P. Tyagi
    1Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, DGCN COVAS, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India.
    Cite article:- Kumar Rohit, Kumar Adarsh, Kumar Amit, Tyagi S.P. (2019). Comparison of atracurium and vecuronium as muscle relaxants for ocular and orthopaedic interventions in dogs. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(1): 106-109. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3730.

    ABSTRACT

    Twenty adult dogs of either sex, divided into 2 equal groups were used for evaluation of atracurium (0.5 mg/kg IV) and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg IV) in atropine-butorphanol-diazepam premedicated and propofol (till effect IV) induced dogs which were further maintained on isoflurane with controlled IPPV mode of the ventilator for positive pressure ventilation. A total of 13 ophthalmic and 7 orthopaedic interventions were done in both the groups. Pulmonary parameters were measured at baseline (pre-operative), just after induction and at 5, 15, 30 and 45 minutes after the administration of NMBA and the recovery parameters were recorded after weaning from the anaesthetic gas. The eyeballs deviated to the ventro-medial position after the induction with diazepam and propofol and resumed the central position within 30 seconds of atracurium or vecuronium administration thus, proving highly beneficial for the eye globe and corneal interventions. On a comparative basis, atracurium and vecuronium provided muscle relaxation for 40.1 ± 4.71 and 37.7 ± 1.01 minutes respectively. Uniform and pronounced muscle relaxation along with excellent sedation was found in both the groups. All pulmonary parameters remained within normal range. Following discontinuation of the isoflurane, the time taken to bear weight was 38.88 ± 1.45 and 39.63 ± 4.08 minutes in the atracurium and vecuronium groups respectively. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Auer U. (2007). Clinical observations on the use of the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide in the dog. Veterinary Journal 173(2):422-7.
    2. Eger EI 2nd, Dolan WM, Stevens WC, Miller RD and Way WL. (1972). Surgical stimulation antagonizes the respiratory depression produced by forane. Anesthesiology 36(6):544-9.
    3. France CJ, Plumer HM and Eger El II, (1974). Ventilatory effects of isoflurane and halothane when combined with morphine, nitrous oxide and surgery. Vritish Journal of Anaesthesia 46:117-120.
    4. Gelatt K and Gelatt J. (2011). Surgical procedures of the lens and cataract in veterinary ophthalmic surgery. 1st edition. Elsevier. P 305-355.
    5. Goodman MN, Black AMS and Carter JA. (1987). Some ventilatory effects of propofol as sole anaesthetic agent. British Journal of Anaesthesia 59: 1497-1503.
    6. Hall LW and Weaver BMQ. (1954). Some notes on balanced anaesthesia for the dog and cat. Veterinary Record 66:289-293.
    7. Jones RS and Clutton RE. (1984). Clinical observations on the use of the muscle relaxant atracurium in the dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice 25:473–477.
    8. Jones RS and Seymour CJ. (1985). Clinical observations on the use of vecuronium as a muscle relaxant in the dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice 26:213-218.
    9. Jones RS. (1992). Muscle relaxants in canine anaesthesia 1: History and the drugs. Journal of Small Animal Practice 33:371–375.
    10. Kapil N. (2014). Clinical evaluation of ketamine, propofol or ketamine-propofol admixture (ketofol) for induction anaesthesia in diazepam-butorphanol premedicated and isoflurane maintained dogs. MVSc thesis, p48. Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, CSKHPKV Palampur, India.
    11. Kruljc P, Nemec Alenka, Vintar Neli and Butinar J. (2003). Relation between end-tidal and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure during general anaesthesia with spontaneous breathing and controlled ventilation in dogs–an experimental study. Acta Veterinaria (Beograd) 53(5-6):283-296.
    12. McMurphy RM, Davidson HJ and Hodgson DS. (2004). Effects of atracurium on intraocular pressure, eye position, and blood pressure in eucapnic and hypocapnic isoflurane-anesthetized dogs. American Journal Veterinary Research 65(2):179-82.
    13. Rauser P, Crha M, Sivkova A, Zapletalova J and Korytarova N. (2015). Influence of atracurium on selected cardiovascular and respiratory variables and surgical times in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy with a standardised ventilation pattern. Veterinarni Medicina 60(2): 94–100.
    14. Salyer SW. (2007). Pulmonary Emergencies. Essential Emergency Medicine: 873-874. doi:10.1016/b978-141602971-7.10015-7.
    15. Steffey EP, Eisele JH, Baggot JD, Woliner MJ, Jarvis KA and Elliot AR. (1993). Influence of Inhaled Anesthetics on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Morphine. Anaesthesia and Analgesia 77:346-352.
    16. Tranquilli WJ, Thurmon JC and Grimm KA. (2007). Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. 4th ed. Lumb & Jones Blackwell. Oxford: 
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