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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 10 (october 2019) : 1377-1381,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3654

Pathology of bovine tuberculosis 

P
P. Konch
B
B. Dutta
S
S. Goswami
A
A.G. Barua
G
G.K. Saikia
1<div style="text-align: justify;">Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781 022, Assam, India.</div>
Cite article:- Konch P., Dutta B., Goswami S., Barua A.G., Saikia G.K. (2018). Pathology of bovine tuberculosis. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(10): 1377-1381. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3654.

ABSTRACT

Bovine tuberculosis (BT) is a bacterial zoonotic disease which causes serious animal health problem and enormous economic loss to the dairy sector in India. Present investigation was conducted to study the pathological alterations of different organs in bovine tuberculosis. Lungs were observed to be the most affected organs and their lesions included protrusive, hard, whitish to whitish yellow nodules ranging from 2-5mm to 2cm in diameter. Liver, lymph node, spleen, pleura, peritoneum, stomach and genital organs also revealed similar type of lesions. Microscopically, pulmonary lesions were graded in four stages i.e viz. I, II, III and IV on the basis of accumulation of epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, presence of multinucleated giant cells, connective tissue rim, central necrosis and mineralization. Liver showed extensive fibrosis and necrosis (caseous and/or coagulative) with infiltration of epithelioid cells, macrophages and formation of giant cell. Lymph nodes revealed the presence of central caseo-necrotic area with varying degree of calcification. Granulomatous changes have also been observed in spleen, pleura, peritoneum, uterus and fore-stomach. Large number of acid-fast rod shaped bacteria was seen within the cytoplasm of macrophages, giant cells and also in the necrotic masses with Ziehl-Neelsen’s stain. 

REFERENCES

  1. Araujo, C.P., Leite, C.Q., Prince, K.A., Jorge Kdos, S. and Osorio, A.L. (2005). Mycobacterium bovis identification by a molecular method from post- mortem inspected cattle obtained in abattoirs of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 100: 749-752.
  2. Culling, C.F.A. (1974). Hand Book of Histological and Histochemical Technique. (3rd edn). Butterworth and Co. 
  3. De-Lisle, G.W., Mackintosh, C.G. and Bengis, R.G. (2002). Mycobacterium bovis on free-living and captive wildlife, including farmed deer. Revue scientifique et technique. International office of Epizootics.20: 86-111.
  4. Etter, E., Donado, P., Jori, F., Caron, A. and Goutard, F. (2006). Risk analysis and bovine tuberculosis, a re-emarging zoonosis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1081: 61-73.
  5. Flynn, O., Quigley, F., Costello, E., O’Grady, D., Gogarty, A., Mc-Guirk, J. and Takai, S. (2001). Virulence-associated protein characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolate from bovine lymph nodes. Vet. Microbiol.78: 221-228.
  6. Goswami, P., Swamy, M. and Shrivastav, A.B. (2014). Pathomorphology of bovine tuberculosis granuloma. Indian J. Vet. Pathol. 38: 67-69.
  7. Jhones, T.C., Hunt, R.D. and King, N.W. (1997). Veterinary Pathology, (6th edn). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore:
  8. Karthik, K., Kesavan, M., Tamilmahan, P., Saravanan, M. and Dashprakash, M. (2013). Neutrophils in tuberculosis: will code be unlocked? Veterinary World. 6:118-121.
  9. Khan, A., Chaudhry, Z.I., Shakoori, A.R., Mahmood, N., Ijaz, M., Khan, M.Z.U., Saima, J.I. and Ali, M.M. (2012). Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in buffaloes blood through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and tuberculin test. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 22: 237-241. 
  10. Kumar, K. and Swamy, M. (2005). Miliary tuberculosis in cross bred cows. Indian J. Vet. Pathol. 29: 50-51.
  11. Manohar, M.B., Vijayalinga Korandi, A., Vairamuthu, S., Jayathangaraj, M.G. and Kumar, K. (2006). Tuberculosis in a bear. Indian Vet. J. 83:684-685.
  12. Muller, B., Benjamin, S., Bassirou, B., Adama, F., Noel, H.S. and Jakob, Z. (2008). Molecular characterisation of Mycobacterium bovis isolated from cattle slaughtered at the Bamako abattoir in Mali. BMC Vet Res. 4:26.
  13. Nahar, Q., Pervin, M., Islam, T. and Khan, M.H.N.A. (2011). Application of PCR for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University. 9: 73-78.
  14. OIE Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines (2009). Bovine Tuberculosis., OIE, Paris, France. pp: 683-697
  15. Rajfer, J. (2005). Role of fibrin in the development of surgical adhesion. Rev. Urol. 7(4): 238-239.
  16. Rhoades, E.R., Frank, A.A. and Orme, I.M. (1997). Prograssion of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis in mice aerogenically infected with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 78: 57-66
  17. Sastry, G.A. (2009) Veterinary Pathology. (7thedn). CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. pp:549-553.
  18. Smith, N.H., Gordon, S.V., Rua-Domenech, R., Clifton-Hadley, R.S. and Hewinson, R.G. (2006). Bottlenecks and broomsticks: the molecular revolution of Mycobcterium bovis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 4: 670-681.
  19. Srivastava, K., Chauhan, D.S., Gupta, P., Singh, H.B., Sharma, V.D., Yadav, V.S., et al (2008). Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis & M. tuberculosis from cattle of some farms in north India - Possible relevance in human health. Indian J Med Res. 128: 26-31.
  20. Srivastava, S.K. (2013). Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals. Satish Serial Publish House. New Delhi. pp: 639-666.
  21. Varello, K., Pezzolato, M., Mascarino, D., Ingravalle, F., Maria, C. and Elena, B. (2008). Comparison of histologic techniques for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in the framework of eradication programs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 20:164–169.
  22. Vural, S.A. and Alcigir, M.E. (2010). Detection of pathomorphological and immunohistochemical findings of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in Ankara and its surroundings. Ankara Univ Vet Fak. 57: 253-257.
  23. Youssef, A.I. and Ahmed, A.M. (2014). Bovine tuberculosis survey based on meat inspection and microscopic examination in central city abattoir in Ismailia, Egypt and its hazards to the abattoir workers. Int. Food Res. J. 21: 577-582. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 10 (october 2019) : 1377-1381,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3654

    Pathology of bovine tuberculosis 

    P
    P. Konch
    B
    B. Dutta
    S
    S. Goswami
    A
    A.G. Barua
    G
    G.K. Saikia
    1<div style="text-align: justify;">Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781 022, Assam, India.</div>
    Cite article:- Konch P., Dutta B., Goswami S., Barua A.G., Saikia G.K. (2018). Pathology of bovine tuberculosis. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(10): 1377-1381. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3654.

    ABSTRACT

    Bovine tuberculosis (BT) is a bacterial zoonotic disease which causes serious animal health problem and enormous economic loss to the dairy sector in India. Present investigation was conducted to study the pathological alterations of different organs in bovine tuberculosis. Lungs were observed to be the most affected organs and their lesions included protrusive, hard, whitish to whitish yellow nodules ranging from 2-5mm to 2cm in diameter. Liver, lymph node, spleen, pleura, peritoneum, stomach and genital organs also revealed similar type of lesions. Microscopically, pulmonary lesions were graded in four stages i.e viz. I, II, III and IV on the basis of accumulation of epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, presence of multinucleated giant cells, connective tissue rim, central necrosis and mineralization. Liver showed extensive fibrosis and necrosis (caseous and/or coagulative) with infiltration of epithelioid cells, macrophages and formation of giant cell. Lymph nodes revealed the presence of central caseo-necrotic area with varying degree of calcification. Granulomatous changes have also been observed in spleen, pleura, peritoneum, uterus and fore-stomach. Large number of acid-fast rod shaped bacteria was seen within the cytoplasm of macrophages, giant cells and also in the necrotic masses with Ziehl-Neelsen’s stain. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Araujo, C.P., Leite, C.Q., Prince, K.A., Jorge Kdos, S. and Osorio, A.L. (2005). Mycobacterium bovis identification by a molecular method from post- mortem inspected cattle obtained in abattoirs of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 100: 749-752.
    2. Culling, C.F.A. (1974). Hand Book of Histological and Histochemical Technique. (3rd edn). Butterworth and Co. 
    3. De-Lisle, G.W., Mackintosh, C.G. and Bengis, R.G. (2002). Mycobacterium bovis on free-living and captive wildlife, including farmed deer. Revue scientifique et technique. International office of Epizootics.20: 86-111.
    4. Etter, E., Donado, P., Jori, F., Caron, A. and Goutard, F. (2006). Risk analysis and bovine tuberculosis, a re-emarging zoonosis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1081: 61-73.
    5. Flynn, O., Quigley, F., Costello, E., O’Grady, D., Gogarty, A., Mc-Guirk, J. and Takai, S. (2001). Virulence-associated protein characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolate from bovine lymph nodes. Vet. Microbiol.78: 221-228.
    6. Goswami, P., Swamy, M. and Shrivastav, A.B. (2014). Pathomorphology of bovine tuberculosis granuloma. Indian J. Vet. Pathol. 38: 67-69.
    7. Jhones, T.C., Hunt, R.D. and King, N.W. (1997). Veterinary Pathology, (6th edn). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore:
    8. Karthik, K., Kesavan, M., Tamilmahan, P., Saravanan, M. and Dashprakash, M. (2013). Neutrophils in tuberculosis: will code be unlocked? Veterinary World. 6:118-121.
    9. Khan, A., Chaudhry, Z.I., Shakoori, A.R., Mahmood, N., Ijaz, M., Khan, M.Z.U., Saima, J.I. and Ali, M.M. (2012). Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in buffaloes blood through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and tuberculin test. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 22: 237-241. 
    10. Kumar, K. and Swamy, M. (2005). Miliary tuberculosis in cross bred cows. Indian J. Vet. Pathol. 29: 50-51.
    11. Manohar, M.B., Vijayalinga Korandi, A., Vairamuthu, S., Jayathangaraj, M.G. and Kumar, K. (2006). Tuberculosis in a bear. Indian Vet. J. 83:684-685.
    12. Muller, B., Benjamin, S., Bassirou, B., Adama, F., Noel, H.S. and Jakob, Z. (2008). Molecular characterisation of Mycobacterium bovis isolated from cattle slaughtered at the Bamako abattoir in Mali. BMC Vet Res. 4:26.
    13. Nahar, Q., Pervin, M., Islam, T. and Khan, M.H.N.A. (2011). Application of PCR for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University. 9: 73-78.
    14. OIE Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines (2009). Bovine Tuberculosis., OIE, Paris, France. pp: 683-697
    15. Rajfer, J. (2005). Role of fibrin in the development of surgical adhesion. Rev. Urol. 7(4): 238-239.
    16. Rhoades, E.R., Frank, A.A. and Orme, I.M. (1997). Prograssion of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis in mice aerogenically infected with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 78: 57-66
    17. Sastry, G.A. (2009) Veterinary Pathology. (7thedn). CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. pp:549-553.
    18. Smith, N.H., Gordon, S.V., Rua-Domenech, R., Clifton-Hadley, R.S. and Hewinson, R.G. (2006). Bottlenecks and broomsticks: the molecular revolution of Mycobcterium bovis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 4: 670-681.
    19. Srivastava, K., Chauhan, D.S., Gupta, P., Singh, H.B., Sharma, V.D., Yadav, V.S., et al (2008). Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis & M. tuberculosis from cattle of some farms in north India - Possible relevance in human health. Indian J Med Res. 128: 26-31.
    20. Srivastava, S.K. (2013). Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals. Satish Serial Publish House. New Delhi. pp: 639-666.
    21. Varello, K., Pezzolato, M., Mascarino, D., Ingravalle, F., Maria, C. and Elena, B. (2008). Comparison of histologic techniques for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in the framework of eradication programs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 20:164–169.
    22. Vural, S.A. and Alcigir, M.E. (2010). Detection of pathomorphological and immunohistochemical findings of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in Ankara and its surroundings. Ankara Univ Vet Fak. 57: 253-257.
    23. Youssef, A.I. and Ahmed, A.M. (2014). Bovine tuberculosis survey based on meat inspection and microscopic examination in central city abattoir in Ismailia, Egypt and its hazards to the abattoir workers. Int. Food Res. J. 21: 577-582. 
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