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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 52 issue 8 (august 2018) : 1162-1166,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3336

Assessment of impact of feeding fermented karonda (Carissa carandas) whey beverage on biochemical parameters of albino rats

P
Pushkraj Jaywantrao Sawant
D
Dinesh Chandra Rai
S
Satya Prakash Yadav
1Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Cite article:- Sawant Jaywantrao Pushkraj, Rai Chandra Dinesh, Yadav Prakash Satya (2017). Assessment of impact of feeding fermented karonda (Carissa carandas) whey beverage on biochemical parameters of albino rats. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(8): 1162-1166. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3336.

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of feeding fermented karonda whey beverage(FKWB) on biochemical parameters of albino rats. A total of 24 albino rats (male) of age 28±3 days and weighing 80 to 95 gm were randomly divided into four groups (n=6) and assigned to experimental dietary treatment. Experimental groups consisted of control group fed with basal ration only and groups fed with basal ration containing 10%, 20% and 30% FKWB. Results showed that levels of BUN, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT were significantly (p<0.05) lower in FKWB fed groups, signifying positive impact of FKWB on functioning of kidney and liver. FKWB consumption had no significant (p>0.05) effect on cholesterol and protein levels, while its consumption reduced triglyceride level. 

REFERENCES

  1. Al-Kehayez, N.M. (2015).Effect of yogurt on blood and liver lipids level in rats. 18th International Conference on Nutrition and Food Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
  2. Anonymous (2014). Normal lab values, The Rat Fan Club.http://www.ratfanclub.org/values.html
  3. Arbo, M.D., Schmitt, G.C., Limberger, M.F., Charão, M.F., Moro, A.M., Ribeiro, G.L., Dallegrave, E., Garcia, S.C., Leal, M.B. and Limberger, R.P. (2009). Subchronic toxicity of Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae) extract and p-synephrine in mice. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.54: 114–117
  4. Balamurugan, R., Chandragunasekaran, A.S., Chellappan, G., Rajaram, K., Ramamoorthi, G. and Ramakrishna, B.S. (2014). Probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria present in homemade curd in southern India.Indian J. Med. Res.140: 345-355.
  5. Baroutkoub, A., Mehdi, R.Z., Beglarian, R., Hassan, J., Zahra, S., Mohammad, M.S. and Hadi, E.M. (2010). Effects of probiotic yoghurt consumption on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholestromic cases in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Sci. Res. Essays.5: 2206-2209.
  6. Beena, A. and Prasad, V. (1997). Effect of yogurt and bifidus yogurt fortified with skim milk powder, condensed whey and lactose-    hydrolysed condensed whey on serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats. J. Dairy Sci. 64: 453-457.
  7. Bodakhe, S.H., Devi, N., Gupta, S.K., Namdeo, K.P. and Jain, S.K. (2014).Hepatoprotective activity of Carissa carandas Linn. fruitetahnolic extract in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats, Adv. Pharmacol. Toxicol.15: 51-58.
  8. Burns, K.F. and de Lannoy Jr., C.W. (1966). Compendium of normal blood values of laboratory animals, with indication of variations. I. Random-sexed populations of small animals.Toxicol. Appl.Pharmacol.8: 429-437
  9. Choudhary, M.I., Siddiqui, J., Abbaskhan, A., Naheed, S., Adhikari, A. and Awalia, J.A.J. (2014). Bio-active antioxidants from plant foods for nutraceutical product development. US Patent no. 20140221634 A1.
  10. Dhodi , J.B., Thanekar, D.R., Mestry, S.N. and Juvekar, A.R. (2015). Carissa carandas Linn. fruit extract ameliorates gentamicin–    induced nephrotoxicity in rats via attenuation of oxidative stress. J. Acute Dis.4: 135-140.
  11. Durham, R.J., Hourigan, J.A., Sleigh, R.W. and Jhonsen, R.L. (1997). Whey fraction: wheying up consequences.Food Australia.49: 460-465.
  12. El Din, H.M.F., Mohamed, S.S. and El-Messery, T.M. (2014).Role of the functional food (pomegranate-yoghourt) as hepatoprotective effect on liver injured rats. J.Curr.Microbiol. Appl. Sci.3: 185-196.
  13. Frizzo, L.S., Soto, L.P., Zbrun, M.V., Bertozzi, E., Sequeira, G., RodríguezArmesto, R. andRosmini, M.R. (2010). Lactic acid bacteria to improve growth performance in young calves fed milk replacer and spray-dried whey powder. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 157: 159–167.
  14. Hadijah, H., Norazlanshah, H., Muhammad, I. and Roowi, S. (2015). Safety assessment of a new developed fruit juice product - mixed fruit Juice in experimental rats. Int. Food Res. J.22:2657-2663.
  15. Halaby, M.S., Farag, M.H., Mahmoud, M.H., Badawy, I.H., AbdRabou, N.S. and Mohammed, F.S. (2015). Effect of consumption of milk and yoghurt on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in adult male rats. Int. J.ChemTech Res.8: 388-398.
  16. Han, S.Y., Huh, C.S., Ahn, Y.T, Lim, K.S., Baek, Y.J.and Kim, D.H. (2005).Hepatoprotective effect of lactic acid bacteria, inhibitors of beta-glucuronidase production against intestinal microflora. Arch. Pharm. Res.28: 325-329.
  17. Hegde, K. and Joshi, A.B. (2009).Hepatoprotective effect of Carissa carandas Linn. root extract against CCL4 and paracetamol induced hepatic oxidative stress. Indian J. Exp. Biol.47: 660-667.
  18. Hunter, B. T. (2008). Probiotic foods for good health: Yogurt, sauerkraut, and other beneficial fermented foods, Published by Basic Health Publications, Inc., pp. 218.
  19. Jassim, R.A., Mihele, D., Dogaru, E. (2010). Study regarding the influence of Vitisviniferafruit (Muscat of Hamburg species) on some biochemical parameters. Farmacia 58:332–40.
  20. Jelen, P. (1992). Whey cheeses and beverages, In: Whey and Lactose Processing, [Edited by Zadow J.,] Published by Springer Netherlands, pp. 157-193.
  21. Jelicic, I., Bozanic, R. and Tratnik, L. (2008). Whey-based beverages- A new generation of diary products.Mljekarstvo.58: 257-274.
  22. Jonsson, C. and Ellegard, L. (2006). Grapefruit juice and serum lipids in healthy adults.Scand. J. Food Nutr.50: 118-123
  23. Kawase, M., Hashimoto, H., Hosoda, M., Morita, H. and Hosono, A. (2000). Effect of administration of fermented milk containing whey protein concentrate to rats and healthy men on serum lipids and blood pressure.J. Dairy Sci.83: 255–263 
  24. Malik, S.K., Chaudhury, R., Dhariwal, O.P. and Bhandari, D.C. (2010). Genetic Resources of Tropical Underutilized Fruits in India, NBPGR, New Delhi, pp. 178.
  25. Mallick, N. and Khan, R.A. (2016).Antihyperlipidemic effects of Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and their combinations. J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci. 8: 112-118. 
  26. Miao, J., Lang, C., Kang, Z., Zhu, H., Wang, S. and Li, M. (2016). Oral administration of fermented milk supplemented with synbiotics can influence the physiological condition of Wistar rats in a dose-sensitive and sex-specific manner. Biosci.Microbiota Food Health 35: 89-96. 
  27. Mokoena, M.P., Mutanda, T. and Olaniran, A.O.(2016). Perspectives on the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria from African traditional fermented foods and beverages.Food Nutr. Res. 60:29630.
  28. Montgomery, D.C. (1997). Design and analysis of experiments, 4th Edition, Published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, US.
  29. Mustafa, H.A. and AbdElrahman, N.H. (2015). Effect of punicagranatum juice on lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic albino rats.EC Ophthalmology 2: 178-184.
  30. Nagar, S. and Nagal, S. (2013). Whey: Composition, Role in human health and its utilization in preparation of value added products.Int. J. Food Ferment. Technol.3: 93-100.
  31. Noori, M., Alikhani, M. and Jahanian, R. (2016). Effect of partial substitution of milk with probiotic yogurt of different pH on performance, body conformation and blood biochemical parameters of Holstein calves. J. Appl. Anim. Res.44: 221-229.
  32. NRC (1995). Nutrient requirements of laboratory rat. National Academic of Science, Washington DC. pp. 11-79. 
  33. Nwaka, A.C., Okeyikam, C.C., Bayim,P.R.B. and Okafor, I.N. (2014).Effect of shaddock citrus fruit juice on the lipid profile, fasting blood glucose level and kidney function of male wistar albino rats. IOSR J. Pharm. Biol. Sci. 9: 71-74.
  34. Olukanni, O.D., Akande, O.T.,Alagbe, Y.O., Adeyemi, S.O., Olukanni, A.T. and Daramola, G.G. (2013). Lemon juice elevated level of reduced glutathione and improved lipid profile in wistar rats.Am. Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci.13: 1246-1251.
  35. Patra, A., Mandal, A., Samanta, A., Mahapatra, T. D., Mandal, S., Roy, S., Pradhan, S., Nandi, D.K. and Mandal, K.C. (2014). Therapeutic effect of Streptococcus thermophillus (MTCC 1938) on acetaminophen induced uremia in experimental rats. Int. J. Biotechnol.13: 318-323.
  36. Pourahmad, J., Eskandari, M.R., Shakibaei, R.and Kamalinejad, M.A. (2010). A search for hepatoprotective activity of fruit extract of Mangiferaindica L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Plant Foods HumanNutr.65: 83-89. 
  37. Ranasinghe, J.G.S., Silva, S.S.P. and Herath, N. (2013). Changes of serum lipids and proteins during probiotics feeding and its exposure. Int. J. Scientific Res. Publ.3: 1-5.
  38. Ranganathan, N., Patel, B., Ranganathan, P., Marczely, J., Dheer, R., Chordia, T., Dunn S.R. and Friedman, E.A. (2005). Probiotic Amelioration of Azotemia in 5/6th Nephrectomized Sprague-Dawley Rats.Scientific World J.24: 652-660.
  39. Ranganathan, N., Friedman, E.A., Tam, P., Rao, V., Ranganathan, P. and Dheer, R. (2009). Probiotics dietary supplementation in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease: A 6-month pilot scale trial in Canada.ý Curr. Med. Res. Opin.25: 1919-1930.
  40. Wang, S., Zhu, H., Lu, C., Kang, Z., Luo, Y., Feng, L. and Lu, X. (2012). Fermented milk supplemented with probiotics and prebiotics can effectively alter the intestinal microbiota and immunity of host animals. J. Dairy Sci. 95: 4813–4822.
  41. Yadav, H., Jain, S.andSinha, P.R. (2006). Effect of skim milk and dahi (yogurt) on blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile in rats fed with high fructose diet. J. Med. Food 9: 328-335.
  42. Yun, J.H., Kim, Y.A., Chung, M.J., Kang, B.Y. and Ha, N.J. (2007).Hepatoprotective and anti-fatigue effects of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacteriumbifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus). Toxicol. Res. 23: 11-17. 
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 8 (august 2018) : 1162-1166,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3336

    Assessment of impact of feeding fermented karonda (Carissa carandas) whey beverage on biochemical parameters of albino rats

    P
    Pushkraj Jaywantrao Sawant
    D
    Dinesh Chandra Rai
    S
    Satya Prakash Yadav
    1Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
    Cite article:- Sawant Jaywantrao Pushkraj, Rai Chandra Dinesh, Yadav Prakash Satya (2017). Assessment of impact of feeding fermented karonda (Carissa carandas) whey beverage on biochemical parameters of albino rats. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(8): 1162-1166. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3336.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of feeding fermented karonda whey beverage(FKWB) on biochemical parameters of albino rats. A total of 24 albino rats (male) of age 28±3 days and weighing 80 to 95 gm were randomly divided into four groups (n=6) and assigned to experimental dietary treatment. Experimental groups consisted of control group fed with basal ration only and groups fed with basal ration containing 10%, 20% and 30% FKWB. Results showed that levels of BUN, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT were significantly (p<0.05) lower in FKWB fed groups, signifying positive impact of FKWB on functioning of kidney and liver. FKWB consumption had no significant (p>0.05) effect on cholesterol and protein levels, while its consumption reduced triglyceride level. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Al-Kehayez, N.M. (2015).Effect of yogurt on blood and liver lipids level in rats. 18th International Conference on Nutrition and Food Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
    2. Anonymous (2014). Normal lab values, The Rat Fan Club.http://www.ratfanclub.org/values.html
    3. Arbo, M.D., Schmitt, G.C., Limberger, M.F., Charão, M.F., Moro, A.M., Ribeiro, G.L., Dallegrave, E., Garcia, S.C., Leal, M.B. and Limberger, R.P. (2009). Subchronic toxicity of Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae) extract and p-synephrine in mice. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.54: 114–117
    4. Balamurugan, R., Chandragunasekaran, A.S., Chellappan, G., Rajaram, K., Ramamoorthi, G. and Ramakrishna, B.S. (2014). Probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria present in homemade curd in southern India.Indian J. Med. Res.140: 345-355.
    5. Baroutkoub, A., Mehdi, R.Z., Beglarian, R., Hassan, J., Zahra, S., Mohammad, M.S. and Hadi, E.M. (2010). Effects of probiotic yoghurt consumption on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholestromic cases in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Sci. Res. Essays.5: 2206-2209.
    6. Beena, A. and Prasad, V. (1997). Effect of yogurt and bifidus yogurt fortified with skim milk powder, condensed whey and lactose-    hydrolysed condensed whey on serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats. J. Dairy Sci. 64: 453-457.
    7. Bodakhe, S.H., Devi, N., Gupta, S.K., Namdeo, K.P. and Jain, S.K. (2014).Hepatoprotective activity of Carissa carandas Linn. fruitetahnolic extract in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats, Adv. Pharmacol. Toxicol.15: 51-58.
    8. Burns, K.F. and de Lannoy Jr., C.W. (1966). Compendium of normal blood values of laboratory animals, with indication of variations. I. Random-sexed populations of small animals.Toxicol. Appl.Pharmacol.8: 429-437
    9. Choudhary, M.I., Siddiqui, J., Abbaskhan, A., Naheed, S., Adhikari, A. and Awalia, J.A.J. (2014). Bio-active antioxidants from plant foods for nutraceutical product development. US Patent no. 20140221634 A1.
    10. Dhodi , J.B., Thanekar, D.R., Mestry, S.N. and Juvekar, A.R. (2015). Carissa carandas Linn. fruit extract ameliorates gentamicin–    induced nephrotoxicity in rats via attenuation of oxidative stress. J. Acute Dis.4: 135-140.
    11. Durham, R.J., Hourigan, J.A., Sleigh, R.W. and Jhonsen, R.L. (1997). Whey fraction: wheying up consequences.Food Australia.49: 460-465.
    12. El Din, H.M.F., Mohamed, S.S. and El-Messery, T.M. (2014).Role of the functional food (pomegranate-yoghourt) as hepatoprotective effect on liver injured rats. J.Curr.Microbiol. Appl. Sci.3: 185-196.
    13. Frizzo, L.S., Soto, L.P., Zbrun, M.V., Bertozzi, E., Sequeira, G., RodríguezArmesto, R. andRosmini, M.R. (2010). Lactic acid bacteria to improve growth performance in young calves fed milk replacer and spray-dried whey powder. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 157: 159–167.
    14. Hadijah, H., Norazlanshah, H., Muhammad, I. and Roowi, S. (2015). Safety assessment of a new developed fruit juice product - mixed fruit Juice in experimental rats. Int. Food Res. J.22:2657-2663.
    15. Halaby, M.S., Farag, M.H., Mahmoud, M.H., Badawy, I.H., AbdRabou, N.S. and Mohammed, F.S. (2015). Effect of consumption of milk and yoghurt on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in adult male rats. Int. J.ChemTech Res.8: 388-398.
    16. Han, S.Y., Huh, C.S., Ahn, Y.T, Lim, K.S., Baek, Y.J.and Kim, D.H. (2005).Hepatoprotective effect of lactic acid bacteria, inhibitors of beta-glucuronidase production against intestinal microflora. Arch. Pharm. Res.28: 325-329.
    17. Hegde, K. and Joshi, A.B. (2009).Hepatoprotective effect of Carissa carandas Linn. root extract against CCL4 and paracetamol induced hepatic oxidative stress. Indian J. Exp. Biol.47: 660-667.
    18. Hunter, B. T. (2008). Probiotic foods for good health: Yogurt, sauerkraut, and other beneficial fermented foods, Published by Basic Health Publications, Inc., pp. 218.
    19. Jassim, R.A., Mihele, D., Dogaru, E. (2010). Study regarding the influence of Vitisviniferafruit (Muscat of Hamburg species) on some biochemical parameters. Farmacia 58:332–40.
    20. Jelen, P. (1992). Whey cheeses and beverages, In: Whey and Lactose Processing, [Edited by Zadow J.,] Published by Springer Netherlands, pp. 157-193.
    21. Jelicic, I., Bozanic, R. and Tratnik, L. (2008). Whey-based beverages- A new generation of diary products.Mljekarstvo.58: 257-274.
    22. Jonsson, C. and Ellegard, L. (2006). Grapefruit juice and serum lipids in healthy adults.Scand. J. Food Nutr.50: 118-123
    23. Kawase, M., Hashimoto, H., Hosoda, M., Morita, H. and Hosono, A. (2000). Effect of administration of fermented milk containing whey protein concentrate to rats and healthy men on serum lipids and blood pressure.J. Dairy Sci.83: 255–263 
    24. Malik, S.K., Chaudhury, R., Dhariwal, O.P. and Bhandari, D.C. (2010). Genetic Resources of Tropical Underutilized Fruits in India, NBPGR, New Delhi, pp. 178.
    25. Mallick, N. and Khan, R.A. (2016).Antihyperlipidemic effects of Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and their combinations. J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci. 8: 112-118. 
    26. Miao, J., Lang, C., Kang, Z., Zhu, H., Wang, S. and Li, M. (2016). Oral administration of fermented milk supplemented with synbiotics can influence the physiological condition of Wistar rats in a dose-sensitive and sex-specific manner. Biosci.Microbiota Food Health 35: 89-96. 
    27. Mokoena, M.P., Mutanda, T. and Olaniran, A.O.(2016). Perspectives on the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria from African traditional fermented foods and beverages.Food Nutr. Res. 60:29630.
    28. Montgomery, D.C. (1997). Design and analysis of experiments, 4th Edition, Published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, US.
    29. Mustafa, H.A. and AbdElrahman, N.H. (2015). Effect of punicagranatum juice on lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic albino rats.EC Ophthalmology 2: 178-184.
    30. Nagar, S. and Nagal, S. (2013). Whey: Composition, Role in human health and its utilization in preparation of value added products.Int. J. Food Ferment. Technol.3: 93-100.
    31. Noori, M., Alikhani, M. and Jahanian, R. (2016). Effect of partial substitution of milk with probiotic yogurt of different pH on performance, body conformation and blood biochemical parameters of Holstein calves. J. Appl. Anim. Res.44: 221-229.
    32. NRC (1995). Nutrient requirements of laboratory rat. National Academic of Science, Washington DC. pp. 11-79. 
    33. Nwaka, A.C., Okeyikam, C.C., Bayim,P.R.B. and Okafor, I.N. (2014).Effect of shaddock citrus fruit juice on the lipid profile, fasting blood glucose level and kidney function of male wistar albino rats. IOSR J. Pharm. Biol. Sci. 9: 71-74.
    34. Olukanni, O.D., Akande, O.T.,Alagbe, Y.O., Adeyemi, S.O., Olukanni, A.T. and Daramola, G.G. (2013). Lemon juice elevated level of reduced glutathione and improved lipid profile in wistar rats.Am. Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci.13: 1246-1251.
    35. Patra, A., Mandal, A., Samanta, A., Mahapatra, T. D., Mandal, S., Roy, S., Pradhan, S., Nandi, D.K. and Mandal, K.C. (2014). Therapeutic effect of Streptococcus thermophillus (MTCC 1938) on acetaminophen induced uremia in experimental rats. Int. J. Biotechnol.13: 318-323.
    36. Pourahmad, J., Eskandari, M.R., Shakibaei, R.and Kamalinejad, M.A. (2010). A search for hepatoprotective activity of fruit extract of Mangiferaindica L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Plant Foods HumanNutr.65: 83-89. 
    37. Ranasinghe, J.G.S., Silva, S.S.P. and Herath, N. (2013). Changes of serum lipids and proteins during probiotics feeding and its exposure. Int. J. Scientific Res. Publ.3: 1-5.
    38. Ranganathan, N., Patel, B., Ranganathan, P., Marczely, J., Dheer, R., Chordia, T., Dunn S.R. and Friedman, E.A. (2005). Probiotic Amelioration of Azotemia in 5/6th Nephrectomized Sprague-Dawley Rats.Scientific World J.24: 652-660.
    39. Ranganathan, N., Friedman, E.A., Tam, P., Rao, V., Ranganathan, P. and Dheer, R. (2009). Probiotics dietary supplementation in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease: A 6-month pilot scale trial in Canada.ý Curr. Med. Res. Opin.25: 1919-1930.
    40. Wang, S., Zhu, H., Lu, C., Kang, Z., Luo, Y., Feng, L. and Lu, X. (2012). Fermented milk supplemented with probiotics and prebiotics can effectively alter the intestinal microbiota and immunity of host animals. J. Dairy Sci. 95: 4813–4822.
    41. Yadav, H., Jain, S.andSinha, P.R. (2006). Effect of skim milk and dahi (yogurt) on blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile in rats fed with high fructose diet. J. Med. Food 9: 328-335.
    42. Yun, J.H., Kim, Y.A., Chung, M.J., Kang, B.Y. and Ha, N.J. (2007).Hepatoprotective and anti-fatigue effects of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacteriumbifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus). Toxicol. Res. 23: 11-17. 
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