Indian Journal of Animal Research

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​​Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Diagnosis of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Saudi Arabia

M.A. Hamouda, F.A. Al-Hizab, I.M. El-Sabagh

ABSTRACT

Background: Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPRV) is one of the major notifiable diseases of the world organization for animal health (OIE) and its existence can have a catastrophic. So far, the epidemiological situation of the virus a in Saudi Arabia is not clear. The study was designed to assess the viral infection in indigenous sheep and goats. 
Methods: A herd was struck by the virus. Clinical signs were recorded and postmortem examination was carried out on dead animals. Tissue samples from oral cavity, abomasum, small and large intestine, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes as well as lungs were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed routinely. Paraffin wax-embedded sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Similarly tissues were also collected and stored at -80°C for PCR test. 
Result: PPRV was detected by RT-PCR and the fragment size of the amplified products was 191 bp of M gene. The clinical signs were a sudden onset of fever with excessive salivation associated with mucopurulent discharges from the nose and eyes. At necropsy, fibrinonecrotic stomatitis associated with hepatized lung especially in the cranioventral lobes. The large intestine showed streaks of congestion “zebra stripes”. Histologically, lungs showed interstitial pneumonia characterised by thickening of alveolar septa and presence of syncytial cells. Small and large intestine revealed fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis characterized by massive necrosis of mucosa accompanied by mononuclear cell infiltration as well as severe congestion of the submucosal blood vessels.

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