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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Full Research Article

The Effect of Supplementing the Diet with Purple Garlic (Allium sativum) on Productivity Variables and Intestinal Morphometry in Broilers

D
D. Vargas
C
C. Rosario
B
B. Hernández
S
S.I. Peña
M
M.T. Casaubon
S
S.C. Carlin
M
M.E. Juárez
M
M. Martínez
I
I. Juárez

ABSTRACT

Background: Garlic is considered a natural growth promoter in animals, but the effects on the productive performance of broilers are variable. Therefore, the impact on growth performance and intestinal morphometry were evaluated to know the impact of using different levels of purple garlic in the broilers' diet.
Methods: Clinically healthy 1-day-old Cobb Vantress 500 broilers (n=98, with an equal number of two sex) were randomized into four dietary treatment groups. The birds of the T0 group were fed with a conventional diet, while the T1, T2  and T3 groups were fed with diets supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% of purple garlic.
Result: The body weight gain (BWG) of the fattening female birds did not differ significantly (P<0.05) compared to the control. The BWG and the total benefit at T2 and T3 were considerably higher in males at 40 days. The duodenum showed that the values of the mean height of the villi were significantly (P<0.05) lower in T1 and T2 than in the other treatments. Purple garlic has a significant effect as a growth promoter in male broilers, supplemented at a higher rate of supplementation, i.e., 0.2 and 0.3% levels.

REFERENCES


  1. Al-Shuwaili, M.A., Ibrahim, E.I. and Al-Bayati, N.M.T. (2015). Effect of dietary herbal plants supplement in turkey diet on performance and some blood biochemical parameters. Global Journal Bioscience and Biotechnology. 4(2): 153- 157. 

  2. Arce, M.J., Ávila, G.E. and López, C.C. (2008). Comportamiento productivo y cambios morfológicos en vellosidades intestinales del pollo de engorda a 21 días de edad con el uso de paredes celulares del Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Veterinary México. 39(2): 223-228. 

  3. Choi, I.H., Park, W.Y. and Kim, Y.J. (2010). Effects of dietary garlic powder and α-tocopherol supplementation on performance, serum cholesterol levels and meat quality of chicken. Poultry Science. 89: 1724-1731. 

  4. Dubey, B.K., Singh, R.K. and Bhonde, S.R. (2010).Variability and selection parameters for yield and yield contributing traits in garlic (Allium sativum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 80(8): 737-741

  5. EFSA. European Food Safety Autority. (2019). Slaughter of animals: poultry. EFSA Journal 17(11): e05849. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5849. https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ full/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5849. [Accessed on September 25, 2021).

  6. Javandel, F., Navidshad, B., Seifdavati, J., Pourrahimi, G.H. and Baniyaghoub, S. (2008). The favorite dosage of garlic meal as a feed additive in broiler chickens ratios. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 11:1746-1749. 

  7. Karangiya, V.K., Savsani, H.H., Patil, S.S., Garg, D.D., Murthy, K.S., Ribadiya, N.K. and Vekariya, S.J. (2016). Effect of dietary supplementation of garlic, ginger and their combination on feed intake, growth performance and economics in commercial broilers. Veterinary World. 9(3): 245-250. 

  8. Lawson, L.D. and Hunsaker, S.M. (2018). Allicin bioavailability and bioequivalence from garlic supplements and garlic foods. Nutrients. 10(7): 812. 

  9. Lee, K.C., Kil, D.Y. and Sul, W.J. (2017). Cecal microbiome divergence of broiler chickens by sex and body weight. Journal of Microbiol. 55: 939-945. 

  10. Martínez-Casas, L., Lage-Yusty, M. and López-Hernández, J. (2017). Changes in the aromatic profile, sugars and bioactive compounds when purple garlic is transformed into black garlic. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 65(49): 10804-10811. 

  11. Meluzzi, A. and Sirri, F. (2009). Welfare of broiler chickens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 8: sup1: 161-173, 

  12. Oladele, O.A., Emikpe, B.O. and Bakare, H. (2012). Effects of dietary garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) supplementation on body weight and gut morphometry of commercial broilers. International Journal of Morphology. 30(1): 238-240. 

  13. Pérez-Ortiz, J.M., Galan-Moya, E.M., de la Cruz-Morcillo, M.A, Rodriguez, J.F., Gracia, I. and Garcia, M.T., Redondo-Calvo, F.J. (2020). Effective Use of a Thiosulfinate- Enriched Allium sativum Extract in Combination with Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Science. 21(8): 2766. 

  14. Puvaca, N., Kostadinovic, L.J., Ljubojevic, D., Lukac, D., Popovic, S., Dokmanovc, B. and Stanacev, V.S. (2014). Effects of dietary garlic addition on productive performance and blood lipid profile of broiler chickens. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 30(4): 669-676. 

  15. Singh, S. (2015). Planting row arrangement and nutrient management in geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) garlic (Allium sativum) intercropping. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(5): 407-413.

  16. Singh, S., Ram, M., and Yadav, N. (2014). Effect of phosphorus and zinc application on the growth and yield of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) intercropped with garlic (Allium sativum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 48(1): 1-8.

  17. Svihus, B. (2014). Function of the digestive system. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 23: 306-314. 

  18. Varlamov, O., Bethea, C.L. and Roberts Jr, C.T. (2015). Sex-specific differences in lipid and glucose metabolism. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Lausanne). 5: 241. doi: 10.3389/ fendo.2014.00241.ss.
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Full Research Article

    The Effect of Supplementing the Diet with Purple Garlic (Allium sativum) on Productivity Variables and Intestinal Morphometry in Broilers

    D
    D. Vargas
    C
    C. Rosario
    B
    B. Hernández
    S
    S.I. Peña
    M
    M.T. Casaubon
    S
    S.C. Carlin
    M
    M.E. Juárez
    M
    M. Martínez
    I
    I. Juárez

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Garlic is considered a natural growth promoter in animals, but the effects on the productive performance of broilers are variable. Therefore, the impact on growth performance and intestinal morphometry were evaluated to know the impact of using different levels of purple garlic in the broilers' diet.
    Methods: Clinically healthy 1-day-old Cobb Vantress 500 broilers (n=98, with an equal number of two sex) were randomized into four dietary treatment groups. The birds of the T0 group were fed with a conventional diet, while the T1, T2  and T3 groups were fed with diets supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% of purple garlic.
    Result: The body weight gain (BWG) of the fattening female birds did not differ significantly (P<0.05) compared to the control. The BWG and the total benefit at T2 and T3 were considerably higher in males at 40 days. The duodenum showed that the values of the mean height of the villi were significantly (P<0.05) lower in T1 and T2 than in the other treatments. Purple garlic has a significant effect as a growth promoter in male broilers, supplemented at a higher rate of supplementation, i.e., 0.2 and 0.3% levels.

    REFERENCES


    1. Al-Shuwaili, M.A., Ibrahim, E.I. and Al-Bayati, N.M.T. (2015). Effect of dietary herbal plants supplement in turkey diet on performance and some blood biochemical parameters. Global Journal Bioscience and Biotechnology. 4(2): 153- 157. 

    2. Arce, M.J., Ávila, G.E. and López, C.C. (2008). Comportamiento productivo y cambios morfológicos en vellosidades intestinales del pollo de engorda a 21 días de edad con el uso de paredes celulares del Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Veterinary México. 39(2): 223-228. 

    3. Choi, I.H., Park, W.Y. and Kim, Y.J. (2010). Effects of dietary garlic powder and α-tocopherol supplementation on performance, serum cholesterol levels and meat quality of chicken. Poultry Science. 89: 1724-1731. 

    4. Dubey, B.K., Singh, R.K. and Bhonde, S.R. (2010).Variability and selection parameters for yield and yield contributing traits in garlic (Allium sativum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 80(8): 737-741

    5. EFSA. European Food Safety Autority. (2019). Slaughter of animals: poultry. EFSA Journal 17(11): e05849. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5849. https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ full/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5849. [Accessed on September 25, 2021).

    6. Javandel, F., Navidshad, B., Seifdavati, J., Pourrahimi, G.H. and Baniyaghoub, S. (2008). The favorite dosage of garlic meal as a feed additive in broiler chickens ratios. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 11:1746-1749. 

    7. Karangiya, V.K., Savsani, H.H., Patil, S.S., Garg, D.D., Murthy, K.S., Ribadiya, N.K. and Vekariya, S.J. (2016). Effect of dietary supplementation of garlic, ginger and their combination on feed intake, growth performance and economics in commercial broilers. Veterinary World. 9(3): 245-250. 

    8. Lawson, L.D. and Hunsaker, S.M. (2018). Allicin bioavailability and bioequivalence from garlic supplements and garlic foods. Nutrients. 10(7): 812. 

    9. Lee, K.C., Kil, D.Y. and Sul, W.J. (2017). Cecal microbiome divergence of broiler chickens by sex and body weight. Journal of Microbiol. 55: 939-945. 

    10. Martínez-Casas, L., Lage-Yusty, M. and López-Hernández, J. (2017). Changes in the aromatic profile, sugars and bioactive compounds when purple garlic is transformed into black garlic. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 65(49): 10804-10811. 

    11. Meluzzi, A. and Sirri, F. (2009). Welfare of broiler chickens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 8: sup1: 161-173, 

    12. Oladele, O.A., Emikpe, B.O. and Bakare, H. (2012). Effects of dietary garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) supplementation on body weight and gut morphometry of commercial broilers. International Journal of Morphology. 30(1): 238-240. 

    13. Pérez-Ortiz, J.M., Galan-Moya, E.M., de la Cruz-Morcillo, M.A, Rodriguez, J.F., Gracia, I. and Garcia, M.T., Redondo-Calvo, F.J. (2020). Effective Use of a Thiosulfinate- Enriched Allium sativum Extract in Combination with Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Science. 21(8): 2766. 

    14. Puvaca, N., Kostadinovic, L.J., Ljubojevic, D., Lukac, D., Popovic, S., Dokmanovc, B. and Stanacev, V.S. (2014). Effects of dietary garlic addition on productive performance and blood lipid profile of broiler chickens. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 30(4): 669-676. 

    15. Singh, S. (2015). Planting row arrangement and nutrient management in geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) garlic (Allium sativum) intercropping. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(5): 407-413.

    16. Singh, S., Ram, M., and Yadav, N. (2014). Effect of phosphorus and zinc application on the growth and yield of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) intercropped with garlic (Allium sativum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 48(1): 1-8.

    17. Svihus, B. (2014). Function of the digestive system. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 23: 306-314. 

    18. Varlamov, O., Bethea, C.L. and Roberts Jr, C.T. (2015). Sex-specific differences in lipid and glucose metabolism. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Lausanne). 5: 241. doi: 10.3389/ fendo.2014.00241.ss.
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