Indian Journal of Animal Research

  • Chief EditorK.M.L. Pathak

  • Print ISSN 0367-6722

  • Online ISSN 0976-0555

  • NAAS Rating 6.50

  • SJR 0.263

  • Impact Factor 0.5 (2023)

Frequency :
Monthly (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December)
Indexing Services :
Science Citation Index Expanded, BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Scopus, AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Submit

Full Research Article

Long-term Feeding Effects of Calcium-bentonite Clay in Aflatoxin B1 Contaminated Diet on Egg Production, Egg Quality and Immune Status of Laying Hens

E. Khamphong, C. Bunchasak, K. Poungpong, S. Prasongsook, T. Poeikhampha

ABSTRACT

Background: This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of synthetic aflatoxin B1 and calcium bentonite clay as a mycotoxin binder in the laying hen diet on performance, egg quality and immune response to vaccination.
Methods: A total of 144 Lohmann brown classic hens (22 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups of 6 replications with 6 hens each. This experimental design was completely randomized design and there were 4 experimental diets: (1) Basal diet (Positive control), (2) Basal diet +0.25% calcium bentonite clay, (3) Basal diet+200 ppb aflatoxin B1 (negative control) and (4) Basal diet+200 ppb aflatoxin B1 and +0.25% calcium bentonite clay. All hens were vaccinated with Newcastle (ND) and Infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccines during 24 weeks feeding trial.
Result: At the end of the 24 weeks of feeding trial, dietary treatments did not influence the egg production, egg mass, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and IB titer of hens; however, aflatoxin B1 significantly (P<0.05) deceased final body weight and deceased the eggshell color score (P<0.05). Moreover, the ND titer was reduced by aflatoxin B1 at 8th and 12th weeks of trial (P=0.05 and <0.05; respectively). Thus, supplementation of 0.25% calcium bentonite clay in feed improved body weight, eggshell color and ND titer of laying hens similar to those fed the positive control diet.

REFERENCES


  1. Chen, H.W., Wang, C.H. and Cheng, I.C. (2011). A type-specific blocking ELISA for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus antibody. Journal of Virological Methods. 173(1): 712. 

  2. Choi, K.S., Kye, S.J., Jeon, W.J., Park, M.J., Kim, S., Seul, H.J. and Kwon, J.H. (2013). Preparation and diagnostic utility of a hemagglutination inhibition test antigen derived from the baculovirus-expressed hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein gene of Newcastle disease virus. Journal of veterinary Science. 14(3): 291-297.

  3. Chukwudi, U.P., Kutu, F.R. and Mavengahama, S. (2021). Mycotoxins in maize and implications on food Security: A review. Agricultural Reviews. 42: 42-49.

  4. Damiri, H., Chaji, M., Bojarpour, M., Eslami, M. and Mamoei, M. (2010). The effect of sodium betonites on economic value of broiler chickens diet. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 9: 2668-26670.

  5. Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple Range Test. Biometrics. Washington, DC. 

  6. Fendri, I., Khannous, L., Mallek, Z., Traore, A.I., Gharsallah, N. and Gdoura, R. (2012). Influence of zeolite on fatty acid composition and egg quality in Tunisian laying hens. Lipids in Health and Disease. 11: 71.  

  7. Fowler, J., Li, W. and Bailey, C. (2015). Effects of a calcium bentonite clay in diets containing aflatoxin when measuring liver residues of aflatoxin B in starter broiler chicks. Toxins. 7(9): 3455-3464. 

  8. Kumar, P., Mahato, D.K., Kamle, M., Mohanta, T.K. and Kang, S.G. (2017). Aflatoxins: A global concern for food safety, Human health and their management. Frontiers in Microbiology. 7: 2170. 

  9. Lakkawar, A.W., Sathyanarayana, M.L., Narayanaswamy, H.D., Sugunarao, S. Yathiraj, Isloor S.K., Shridhar, N.B. and Krishnaveni, N. (2016). Efficacy of diatomacious earth in amelioration of aflatoxininduced toxicity in broiler chicken. Indian Journal of Animal Research. (50): 529-536.

  10. Lavkor, I., Var, I., Saglam S., Uckun, O., Tekin, A. and Savas, O. (2019). Presence of some mycotoxins in peanuts from harvest to storage. Legume Research. 42: 862-866.

  11. Lee, J.T., Jessen, K.A., Beltran, R., Starkl, V., Schatzmayr, G., Borutova, R. and Caldwell, D.J. (2012). Mycotoxin-contaminated diets and deactivating compound in laying hens: 1. Effects on performance characteristics and relative organ weight. Poult Sci. 91(9): 2089-2095. 

  12. Pandey, I. and Chauhan, S.S. (2007). Studies on production performance and toxin residues in tissues and eggs of layer chickens fed on diets with various concentrations of aflatoxin AF B1. Br Poult Sci. 48(6): 713-723. 

  13. Peles, F., Sipos, P., Gyõri, Z., Pfliegler, W.P., Giacometti, F., Serraino, A., Pagliuca, G., Gazzotti, T. and Pócsi, I. (2019). Adverse effects, transformation and channeling of aflatoxins into food raw materials in livestock. Frontiers in microbiology. 10: 2861. 

  14. Peng, X., Zhang, K., Bai, S., Ding, X., Zeng, Q., Yang, J., Fang, J. and Chen, K. (2014). Histological lesions, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and T cell subsets changes of spleen in chicken fed aflatoxin-contaminated corn. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 11: 8567-8580.

  15. Phillips, T.D., Wang, M., Elmore, S.E., Hearon, S. and Wang, J.S. (2019). NovaSil clay for the protection of humans and animals from aflatoxins and other contaminants. Clays and clay minerals. 67(1): 99-110. 

  16. Rather, I.A., Koh, W.Y., Paek, W.K. and Lim, J. (2017). The sources of chemical contaminants in food and their health implications. Frontiers in pharmacology. 8: 830. 

  17. SAS. (1988). SAS User’s Guide, Statistics. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina.

  18. Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw-Hill, New York. 

  19. Tessari, E.N., Kobashigawa, E., Cardoso, A.L., Ledoux, D.R., Rottinghaus, G.E. and Oliveira, C.A. (2010). Effects of aflatoxin B(1) and fumonisin B(1) on blood biochemical parameters in broilers. Toxins. 2(4): 453-460.

  20. Udomkun, P., Wiredu, A.N., Nagle, M., Müller, J., Vanlauwe, B. and Bandyopadhyay, R. (2017). Innovative technologies to manage aflatoxins in foods and feeds and the profitability of application-A review. Food Control. 76: 127-138. 

  21. Villers, P. (2014). Aflatoxins and safe storage. Frontiers in Microbiology. 5: 158.

  22. Yunus, A.W., Razzazi-Fazeli, E. and Bohm, J. (2011). Aflatoxin B(1) in affecting broiler’s performance, immunity and gastrointestinal tract: a review of history and contemporary issues. Toxins. 3(6): 566-590. 
Reviewed By

Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Editorial Board

    View all (0)