Indian Journal of Animal Research

  • Chief EditorK.M.L. Pathak

  • Print ISSN 0367-6722

  • Online ISSN 0976-0555

  • NAAS Rating 6.50

  • SJR 0.263

  • Impact Factor 0.4 (2024)

Frequency :
Monthly (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December)
Indexing Services :
Science Citation Index Expanded, BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Scopus, AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Submit

Research Article

Indian Journal of Animal Research, volume 54 issue 2 (february 2020) : 149-154

Effects of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol administration on free radical generation and blood gases in sheep

E. Gokalp, S. Gurgoze and S. Altan
1Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry, Sanliurfa-63100, Turkey.
Cite article:- Gokalp E., Altan S. Gurgoze and S. (2018). Effects of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol administration on free radical generation and blood gases in sheep. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(2): 149-154. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-977.

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol combinations on oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and blood gases in sheep. Excluding the control animals, the sheep included in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were administered with combinations of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol, respectively, by intravenous route. The comparison of the three treatment groups with the control group showed that no significant difference existed for TAS, TOS, MDA and CAT levels.  The evaluation of blood gas and electrolyte levels demonstrated a significant decrease in PvO2, cSO2, Na, and Ca levels, and a significant increase in glucose levels. In result, this study showed that the three anaesthetic combinations tested did not have any adverse effect on the oxidant/antioxidant status, but caused significant alterations in blood gas levels.  

REFERENCES

  1. Afshar, S.F., Baniadam, A., and Marashýpour, P.S. (2005). Effect of xylazine-ketamine on arterial blood pressure, arterial blood pH, blood gases, rectal temperature, heart and respiratory rates in goats. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 49: 481-484. 
  2. Allaouchiche, B., Debon, R., Goudable, J., Chassard, D., and Duflo, F. (2001). Oxidative stress status during exposure to propofol sevoflurane and desflurane. Anesthesia Analgesia, 93: 981–985.
  3. Baniadam, A., Afshar, S.F., and Balan, B.R.M. (2007). Cardiopulmonary effects of acepromazine-ketamine administration in sheep. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 51: 93- 96.
  4. Beutler, E. (1975). A Manual of Biochemical Methods. 2nd ed. Grunef Strottan. New York.
  5. Camkerten, Ý., Sýndak N., Ozkurt, G., Ipek H., Biricik SH., and Sahin T (2013). Effect of Ketamine Xylazine anesthesia on some hematological and serum biochemical values of Bozova Greyhounds. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 2(1) 27-31.
  6. Casas-Díaz, E., Marco, I., López-Olvera R.J., Mentaberre, G., and Lavín S. (2011). Comparison of xylazine–ketamine and medetomidine–    ketamine anaesthesia in the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica).European Journal of Wildlife Research, 57: 887–893.
  7. Cullen, L.K., and Reynoldson, J.A. (1997).Effects of tiletamine/zolazepam premedication on propofol anaesthesia in dogs. Veterinary Record, Apr 5;140(14): 363-6.
  8. Dikmen, B., Erk, G., Et, G., Kos, T., Horosanlý, E., Kýlcý, O., and Ozturk, H.S. (2005). The effects of propofol/remifentanil anesthesia and sevoflurane anesthesia on oxidant and antioxidant system in human erythrocytes. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Anesthesiology Reanimation, 3: 15-20.
  9. Erel, O. (2004a). A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clinical Biochemistry, 37: 112-9.
  10. Erel, O. (2004b). A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clinical Biochemistry, 37: 277-85.
  11. Eroglu, T. (2011). The effects of propofol use on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat inferior epigastric skin island flap model. Master thesis, Dicle University, Turkey.
  12. Galley, H.F., Nelson, L.R., and Webster, N.R. (1995). Anaesthetic agents decrease the activity of nitric oxide synthase from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes, British. Journal of Anaesthesia, 75: 326-329. 
  13. Godin, D.V. and Garnett, M.E. (1994). Effects of various anesthetic regimens on tissue antioxidant enzyme activities. Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology, 83: 93.101.
  14. Green, T.R., Bennet, S.R. and Nelson, V.M. (1994). Specificity and properties of propofol as an antioxidant free radical scavenger. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 129: 163.169.
  15. Ismail, Z.B., Jawasreh, K., and Al-Majali, A. (2010). Effects of xylazine-ketamine-diazepam anesthesia on blood cell counts and plasma biochemical values in sheep and goats. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 19: 571–574.
  16. Izci, C., Eksen, M., Koc, Y., Keskin, E., Kul, M., Avki, S., and Goren, M. (1993). Cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride and acepromazine-ketamine hydrochloride combinations in dogs. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Science, 9: 22-27.
  17. Kamiloglu, N.N., Kamiloglu, A., and Beytut, E. (2009). Changes in antioxidant system, lipid peroxidation, heart and respiratory rate and rectal temperature with ketamine and ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in Tuj rams. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg., 15: 205-    210. 
  18. Keegan, R.D. and Greene, S.A. (1993). Cardiovascular effects of a continuous two-hour propofol infusion in dogs comparison with isoflurane anesthesia. Veterinary Surgery, 22: (6) 537-543. 
  19. Kelemence, H. (2008). The effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol on the antioxidant system. Master thesis. Yuzucu Yýl Uni, Turkey.
  20. Lee, JY. (2012). Oxidative stress due to anesthesia and surgical trauma and comparison of the effects of propofol and thiopental in dogs. The Jorunal of Veterinary Medical Sciences. 74(5): 663–665.
  21. Lin, H.C., Purohit, R.C., Powe, T.A. (1997). Anesthesia in sheep with propofol or with xylazine-ketamine followed by halothane. Veterinary Surgery, 26(3): 247-52.
  22. Lupp, A., Kerst, S., Karge, E et al. (1998). Investigation on possible antioxidative properties of the NMDA-receptor antagonists ketamine, memantine, and amantadine incomparison to nicanartine in vitro. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 50(4-6): 501-506.
  23. Mannarino R., Luna, S.P.L., Monteiro, E.R, Beier S.L., and Castro, V.B. (2012). Minimum infusion rate and hemodynamic effects of propofol, propofol-lidocaine and propofol-lidocaineketamine in dogs. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 39: 160–173.
  24. Murphy, P.G., Bennett, J.R., Myers, D.S., Davies, M.J., and Jones, J.G. (1993). The effects of propofol anaesthesia on free radical induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 10 (4): 261-266.
  25. Murphy, P.G., Myers, D.S., Davies, M.J., Webster, N.R., and Jones, J.G. (1992). The antioxidant potential of propofol (2.6 diisopropylphenol). British Journal of Anaesthesia, 68: 613-618.
  26. Oku, K., Kazýkazý, M., and Ono, K. (2011). Ohta, M. Clinical evaluation of total intravenous anesthesia using a combination of propofol and medetomidine following anesthesia induction with medetomidine, guaifenesin and propofol for castration in thoroughbred horses. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 73: (12) 1639–43. 
  27. Pekcan, Z., Cýnar, M., Gurkan, M., and Kumandas, A. (2011). The effects of propofol and isoflurane anaesthesia on oxidative stress in Angora goats. Atatürk University Journal of Veterýnary Sciences, 6: 217-222.
  28. Pekoe, G.M., Peden, D., and Van, Dyke, K. (1983). Impairment of leukocyte myeloperoxidase bactericidal mechanisms with ketamine (Ketalar), Agents Actions, 13: 59-62.
  29. Prassinos N.N, Galatos D.A., and Raptopoulos D. ( 2005). A comparison of propofol, thiopental or ketamine as induction agents in goats. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 32: 289–296.
  30. Sams, L., Braun, C., Allman, D., and Hofmeister, E. (2008). A comparison of the effects of propofol and etomidate on the induction of anesthesia and on cardiopulmonary parameters in dogs. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 35: 488-494. 
  31. Satoh, K. (1978). Serum lipid peroxide in cerebrovascular disorders determined by a new colorimetric method. Clinica Chimica Acta 15; 90: 37-43.
  32. Sarýtas, Z.K., Apaydýn, N., Zorlutuna, A., Ulus, F., and Koc, B. (2006). Effect of propofol anesthesia on cardiovascular system and antioxidant property in dogs. Veteriner Cerrahi Dergisi, 12 (1-2-3-4): 24-28.
  33. Yagi, K. (1984). Assay for blood plasma or serum. Methods in Enzymology, 105: 328-31.
  34. Yamazoe, K., Inaba, T., Bonkobara, M., Matsuki, N., Ono, K. and Kudo, T. (1998). Changes of hepatic tissue phospholipids peroxidation, malondialdehydes, and antioxidative enzyme activities in dogs with halothane inhalation. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 60: 15-21.
  35. Yaralýoglu-Gurgoze, S., Sindak, N., Sahin, T., and Cen, O., (2005). Levels of glutathione peroxidase, lipoperoxidase and some biochemical and haematological parameters in gazelles anaesthetised with a tiletamin–zolazepam–xylazine combination. Veterinary Journal, 169: 126–128. 
Reviewed By

Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Editorial Board

    View all (0)