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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 8 (august 2019) : 1085-1089,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-875

Enteropathogens in Holstein calves with diarrhea during the first five weeks of age in México

R
R.A. Delgado-González
C
C.A. Meza-Herrera
V
V.H. González-Álvarez
A
A.S. Alvarado-Espino
V
V. Contreras-Villareal
L
L.R. Gaytán-Alemán
G
G. Arellano-Rodríguez
F
F.G. Véliz-Deras
1Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Posgrado en Ciencias en Producción Agropecuaria, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez s/n, Colonia Valle Verde, Torreón, Coahuila, México.
Cite article:- Delgado-González R.A., Meza-Herrera C.A., González-Álvarez V.H., Alvarado-Espino A.S., Contreras-Villareal V., Gaytán-Alemán L.R., Arellano-Rodríguez G., Véliz-Deras F.G. (2018). Enteropathogens in Holstein calves with diarrhea during the first five weeks of age in México. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(8): 1085-1089. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-875.

ABSTRACT

The aim was to assess the prevalence of etiologic agents of diarrhea in single and mixed infections and their relationship with age in Holstein calves. Fecal diarrheic samples (n=90) were taken to determine the causative agent (E. coli (K99), Salmonella spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Coronavirus, and Rotavirus). Samples tested were positive at least to one pathogen (87.7%), most of the positive cases were mixed infections (62%; P<0.01); from these, affected by two (59%), and by three or more agents (41%; P=0.07). Cryptosporidium spp. and Rotavirus were the most common agents and most of infections occurred during the first two weeks of age.

REFERENCES

  1. Almawly, J., Prattley, D., French, N.P., López-Villalobos, N., Hedgespeth, B. and Grinberg A. (2013). Utility of halofuginone lactate for the prevention of natural cryptosporidiosis of calves, in the presence of co-infection with rotavirus and Salmonella typhimurium. Veterinary Parasitology, 197: 59-67.
  2. Bartels, C.J.M., Holzhauer, M., Jorritsma, R., Swart, W.A.J.M. and Lam, T.J.G.M. (2010). Prevalence, prediction and risk factors of enteropathogens in normal and non-normal faeces of young Dutch dairy calves. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 93: 162-169.
  3. Blanchard, P.C. (2012). Diagnostics of dairy and beef cattle diarrhea. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 28: 443-464.
  4. Chirino-Enoel, A., Véliz-Deras, F.G., Meza-Herrera, C.A., Ángel-García, O., Sepúlveda-González, E. and Mellado-Bosque, M. 2012. Factores que afectan la producción de leche de vacas Holstein inducidas hormonalmente a la lactancia. Agraria, 9: 103-112.
  5. Cho, Y.I., Han, J.I., Wang, C., Cooper, V., Schwartz, K., Engelken, T. and Yoon, K.J. (2013). Case-control study of microbiological etiology associated with calf diarrhea. Veterinary Microbiology, 166: 375-385.
  6. Cho, Y.I. and Yoon, K.J. (2014). An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. Journal of Veterinary Science, 15: 1-17.
  7. de la Fuente, R., Luzón, M., Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., Garcia, A., Cid, D., Orden, J.A., Garcia, S., Sanz, R. and Gómez-Bautista, M. (1999). Cryptosporidium and concurrent infections with other major enterophatogens in 1 to 30-day-old diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Veterinary Parasitology, 80: 179-185.
  8. Emre, Z., Alabay, B.M., Fidanci, H., Düzgün, A. and Cerci, H. (1998). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection and its relation to other enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli K 99 and rotavirus) in cattle in Ankara, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22: 453-457.
  9. Emre, Z. and Fidanci, H. (1998). Prevalence of mix infections of Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 and Rotavirus in the faeces of diarrhoeic and healthy cattle in Ankara, Turkey and in vitro resistance of Escherichia coli K99 to antimicrobial agents. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22:175-178.
  10. Fairbrother, J.M. and Nadeau, É. (2006). Escherichia coli: on-farm contamination of animals. Scientific and Technical Review of the Office International des Epizooties (Paris), 25: 555-569.
  11. Gillhuber, J., Rügamer, D., Pfister, K. and Scheuerle, M.C. (2014). Giardiosis and other enteropathogenic infections: a study on diarrhoeic calves in Southern Germany. BMC Research Notes, 7: 1-9.
  12. Gulliksen, S.M., Jor, E., Lie, K.I., Hamnes, I.S., Løken, T., Åkerstedt, J. and Osterås, O. (2009). Enteropathogens and risk factors for diarrhea in Norwegian dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 92: 5057-5066.
  13. Içen, H., Arserim, N.B., Iºik, N., Özkan, C. and Kaya, A. (2013). Prevalence of four enteropathogens with immunochromatographic rapid test in the feces of diarrheic calves in East and Southeast of Turkey. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 33: 496-499.
  14. Imre, K., Dãrãbus, G.H., Ilie, M. and Palca, M. (2007). Epidemiological study using ELISA on the parasitism with Cryptosporidium spp. in association with other enteropathogens, at calves. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicin Cluj-Napoca, 64: 454-458.
  15. Izzo, M.M., Kirkland, P.D., Mohler, V.L., Perkins, N.R., Gunna, A.A. and House, J.K. (2011). Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhea. Australian Veterinary Journal, 89: 167-173.
  16. Kabu, M., Cigerci, I.H., Uyarlar, C. and Celik, H.A. (2015). Determination of pre and post treatment oxidative status and oxidative DNA damage in diarrheic calves. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 49: 830-833
  17. Muktar, Y., Mamo, G., Tesfaye, B. and Belina, D. (2015). A review on major bacterial causes of calf diarrea and its diagnostic method. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 7: 173-185.
  18. Mushtaq, H.M., Saleem, M.N., Ayyub, M.R. and Khattak, I. (2013). Challenges due to early calf mortality in dairy industry of Pakistan and strategies for improvement. Veterinaria, 1: 13-17.
  19. Pardo, M.D. and Oliver, E.O. (2012). Identificación de agentes infecciosos asociados con diarrea neonatal bovina en la sabana de Bogotá. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 17: 3162-3168.
  20. Park, S.J., Jeong, C., Yoon, S.S., Choy, H.E., Saif, L.J., Park, S.H., Kim, Y.J., Jeong, J.H., et al. (2006). Detection and characterization of bovine coronaviruses in fecal specimens of adult cattle with diarrhea during the warmer seasons. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 44: 3178-3188.
  21. Reta-Sánchez, D.G., Figueroa-Viramontes, U., Serrato-Corona, J.S., Quiroga-Garza, H.M., et al. (2015). Potencial forrajero y productividad del agua en patrones de cultivos alternativos. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 6: 153-170.
  22. Schroeder, M.E., Bounpheng, M.A., Rodgers, S., Baker, R.J., Black, W., Naikare, H., et al. (2012). Development and performance evaluation of calf diarrhea pathogen nucleic acid purification and detection workflow. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 24: 945-953.
  23. Singh, A.K., Pandita, S., Vaidya, M.M., Singh, S.V., Chandra, G., Pampoori, Z.A., et al. (2011). Bovine colostrum and neonate immunity - a review. Agricultural Reviews, 32:79-90.
  24. Thakre, B.J., Solanki, J.B., Kumar, N. and Vargese, A. (2017). Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 51: 916-921.
  25. Trotz-Williams, L.A., Jarvie, B.D., Martin, S.W., Leslie, K.E. and Peregrine, A.S. (2005). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in southwestern Ontario and its association with diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 46: 349-351.
  26. Zychliñska-Buczek, J., Bauer, E., Kania-Gierdziewicz, J. and Wroñska, A. (2015). The main causes of calf mortality in dairy farms in Poland. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A, 5: 363-369. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 8 (august 2019) : 1085-1089,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-875

    Enteropathogens in Holstein calves with diarrhea during the first five weeks of age in México

    R
    R.A. Delgado-González
    C
    C.A. Meza-Herrera
    V
    V.H. González-Álvarez
    A
    A.S. Alvarado-Espino
    V
    V. Contreras-Villareal
    L
    L.R. Gaytán-Alemán
    G
    G. Arellano-Rodríguez
    F
    F.G. Véliz-Deras
    1Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Posgrado en Ciencias en Producción Agropecuaria, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez s/n, Colonia Valle Verde, Torreón, Coahuila, México.
    Cite article:- Delgado-González R.A., Meza-Herrera C.A., González-Álvarez V.H., Alvarado-Espino A.S., Contreras-Villareal V., Gaytán-Alemán L.R., Arellano-Rodríguez G., Véliz-Deras F.G. (2018). Enteropathogens in Holstein calves with diarrhea during the first five weeks of age in M&eacute;xico. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(8): 1085-1089. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-875.

    ABSTRACT

    The aim was to assess the prevalence of etiologic agents of diarrhea in single and mixed infections and their relationship with age in Holstein calves. Fecal diarrheic samples (n=90) were taken to determine the causative agent (E. coli (K99), Salmonella spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Coronavirus, and Rotavirus). Samples tested were positive at least to one pathogen (87.7%), most of the positive cases were mixed infections (62%; P<0.01); from these, affected by two (59%), and by three or more agents (41%; P=0.07). Cryptosporidium spp. and Rotavirus were the most common agents and most of infections occurred during the first two weeks of age.

    REFERENCES

    1. Almawly, J., Prattley, D., French, N.P., López-Villalobos, N., Hedgespeth, B. and Grinberg A. (2013). Utility of halofuginone lactate for the prevention of natural cryptosporidiosis of calves, in the presence of co-infection with rotavirus and Salmonella typhimurium. Veterinary Parasitology, 197: 59-67.
    2. Bartels, C.J.M., Holzhauer, M., Jorritsma, R., Swart, W.A.J.M. and Lam, T.J.G.M. (2010). Prevalence, prediction and risk factors of enteropathogens in normal and non-normal faeces of young Dutch dairy calves. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 93: 162-169.
    3. Blanchard, P.C. (2012). Diagnostics of dairy and beef cattle diarrhea. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 28: 443-464.
    4. Chirino-Enoel, A., Véliz-Deras, F.G., Meza-Herrera, C.A., Ángel-García, O., Sepúlveda-González, E. and Mellado-Bosque, M. 2012. Factores que afectan la producción de leche de vacas Holstein inducidas hormonalmente a la lactancia. Agraria, 9: 103-112.
    5. Cho, Y.I., Han, J.I., Wang, C., Cooper, V., Schwartz, K., Engelken, T. and Yoon, K.J. (2013). Case-control study of microbiological etiology associated with calf diarrhea. Veterinary Microbiology, 166: 375-385.
    6. Cho, Y.I. and Yoon, K.J. (2014). An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. Journal of Veterinary Science, 15: 1-17.
    7. de la Fuente, R., Luzón, M., Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., Garcia, A., Cid, D., Orden, J.A., Garcia, S., Sanz, R. and Gómez-Bautista, M. (1999). Cryptosporidium and concurrent infections with other major enterophatogens in 1 to 30-day-old diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Veterinary Parasitology, 80: 179-185.
    8. Emre, Z., Alabay, B.M., Fidanci, H., Düzgün, A. and Cerci, H. (1998). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection and its relation to other enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli K 99 and rotavirus) in cattle in Ankara, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22: 453-457.
    9. Emre, Z. and Fidanci, H. (1998). Prevalence of mix infections of Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 and Rotavirus in the faeces of diarrhoeic and healthy cattle in Ankara, Turkey and in vitro resistance of Escherichia coli K99 to antimicrobial agents. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22:175-178.
    10. Fairbrother, J.M. and Nadeau, É. (2006). Escherichia coli: on-farm contamination of animals. Scientific and Technical Review of the Office International des Epizooties (Paris), 25: 555-569.
    11. Gillhuber, J., Rügamer, D., Pfister, K. and Scheuerle, M.C. (2014). Giardiosis and other enteropathogenic infections: a study on diarrhoeic calves in Southern Germany. BMC Research Notes, 7: 1-9.
    12. Gulliksen, S.M., Jor, E., Lie, K.I., Hamnes, I.S., Løken, T., Åkerstedt, J. and Osterås, O. (2009). Enteropathogens and risk factors for diarrhea in Norwegian dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 92: 5057-5066.
    13. Içen, H., Arserim, N.B., Iºik, N., Özkan, C. and Kaya, A. (2013). Prevalence of four enteropathogens with immunochromatographic rapid test in the feces of diarrheic calves in East and Southeast of Turkey. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 33: 496-499.
    14. Imre, K., Dãrãbus, G.H., Ilie, M. and Palca, M. (2007). Epidemiological study using ELISA on the parasitism with Cryptosporidium spp. in association with other enteropathogens, at calves. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicin Cluj-Napoca, 64: 454-458.
    15. Izzo, M.M., Kirkland, P.D., Mohler, V.L., Perkins, N.R., Gunna, A.A. and House, J.K. (2011). Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhea. Australian Veterinary Journal, 89: 167-173.
    16. Kabu, M., Cigerci, I.H., Uyarlar, C. and Celik, H.A. (2015). Determination of pre and post treatment oxidative status and oxidative DNA damage in diarrheic calves. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 49: 830-833
    17. Muktar, Y., Mamo, G., Tesfaye, B. and Belina, D. (2015). A review on major bacterial causes of calf diarrea and its diagnostic method. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 7: 173-185.
    18. Mushtaq, H.M., Saleem, M.N., Ayyub, M.R. and Khattak, I. (2013). Challenges due to early calf mortality in dairy industry of Pakistan and strategies for improvement. Veterinaria, 1: 13-17.
    19. Pardo, M.D. and Oliver, E.O. (2012). Identificación de agentes infecciosos asociados con diarrea neonatal bovina en la sabana de Bogotá. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 17: 3162-3168.
    20. Park, S.J., Jeong, C., Yoon, S.S., Choy, H.E., Saif, L.J., Park, S.H., Kim, Y.J., Jeong, J.H., et al. (2006). Detection and characterization of bovine coronaviruses in fecal specimens of adult cattle with diarrhea during the warmer seasons. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 44: 3178-3188.
    21. Reta-Sánchez, D.G., Figueroa-Viramontes, U., Serrato-Corona, J.S., Quiroga-Garza, H.M., et al. (2015). Potencial forrajero y productividad del agua en patrones de cultivos alternativos. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 6: 153-170.
    22. Schroeder, M.E., Bounpheng, M.A., Rodgers, S., Baker, R.J., Black, W., Naikare, H., et al. (2012). Development and performance evaluation of calf diarrhea pathogen nucleic acid purification and detection workflow. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 24: 945-953.
    23. Singh, A.K., Pandita, S., Vaidya, M.M., Singh, S.V., Chandra, G., Pampoori, Z.A., et al. (2011). Bovine colostrum and neonate immunity - a review. Agricultural Reviews, 32:79-90.
    24. Thakre, B.J., Solanki, J.B., Kumar, N. and Vargese, A. (2017). Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 51: 916-921.
    25. Trotz-Williams, L.A., Jarvie, B.D., Martin, S.W., Leslie, K.E. and Peregrine, A.S. (2005). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in southwestern Ontario and its association with diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 46: 349-351.
    26. Zychliñska-Buczek, J., Bauer, E., Kania-Gierdziewicz, J. and Wroñska, A. (2015). The main causes of calf mortality in dairy farms in Poland. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A, 5: 363-369. 
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