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Research Article

volume 53 issue 10 (october 2019) : 1344-1348,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-749

Impact of fermented total mixed rations on intake, VFA and methane production of dairy heifers

M
M. Arangsri
V
V. Pattarajinda
M
M. Duangjinda
J
J. Mungkalasiri
W
W. Angthong
J
J.K. Bernard
1<div style="text-align: justify;">Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, P.O. Box 40002, Khon Kaen Thailand.</div>
Cite article:- Arangsri M., Pattarajinda V., Duangjinda M., Mungkalasiri J., Angthong W., Bernard J.K. (2017). Impact of fermented total mixed rations on intake, VFA and methane production of dairy heifers. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(10): 1344-1348. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-749.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of feeding two fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) on methane production in dairy heifers. Four Holstein Friesian dairy heifers with mean body weight (BW) of 301.1 ± 42.2 kg were used in a simple cross-over design trial. Treatments consisted of 2 FTMR formulated to yield either low (LMD) or high CH4 production (HMD). No differences were observed in dry matter intake (DMI; 6.49 and 6.19 kg/d), BW change (-3.37 and -7.25 kg), or DM digestibility (50.64 and 46.99%) between diets. Ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and molar proportions of acetate, propionate and butyrate were not different among diets. Concentrations of blood glucose were higher (P=0.05) for HMD compared with LMD at 2 h post feeding; however, blood urea nitrogen was not different. Methane emissions were 236.32 L/d for LMD and 273.70 L/d for HMD and not different. Feeding the FTMR differing in CH4 potential did not affect DMI, digestibility, ruminal TVFA production or molar proportions of VFAs in dairy heifers.

REFERENCES

  1. AOAC (1995). Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed.vol. 1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
  2. Arangsri, M.,Pattarajinda,V. and DuangjindaM. (2014). The model predicting in vitro    methane production of ruminant feed stuffs. Proceedings of the 16th AAAP Animal Science Congress Vol. II November 10-14, GadjahMada University, Yogyagata, Indonesia.
  3. Bach, A., Calsamiglia, S. and Stem,M.D. (2005). Nitrogen metabolism in the rumen. J.    Dairy Sci., (E. Suppl.)88: E9-E21.
  4. Benchaar, C., Pomar, C.and Chiquette, J. (2001). Evaluation of dietary strategies to reduce methane production in ruminants: a modeling approach. Can. Anim. Sci.,81:563-574.
  5. Cao, Y., Takahashi,T., Horiguchi,K., Yoshida, N. and Zhou, D. (2012). In vitro ruminal dry matter digestibility and methane produc-    tion of fermented total mixed ration containing whole-crop rice and rice bran. Grassland Sci.,58: 130-139. 
  6. Cao, Y., Cai,D. and Takahashi,T. (2011). Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculant and beet pulp addition on fermentation characteristics and in vitro ruminal digestion of vegetable residue silage. J. Dairy Sci.,94:3902-3912.
  7. Cao, Y., Takahashi,T., Horiguchi,K., Yoshida,N. and Cai, Y. (2010). Methane emission from sheep fed fermented or non-fermented total mixed ration containing whole-crop rice and rice bran. Anim. feed Sci. Technol.,179:72-78.
  8. Curtis, S.E. and Nimz, C.K. (1988). Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. Consortium for Developing a Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Champaign, Illinois.
  9. Johnson, K.A. and Johnson, D.E. (1995). Methane emissions from cattle. J. Anim. Sci.,    73:2483-2492.
  10. Kannan, A., Garg, M.R. and Kumar, B.V.M. (2011). Effect of ration balancing on milk production, microbial protein synthesis and methane emission in crossbred cows under field conditions in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 28: 117-132.
  11. Kebreab, E., Johnson,K.A., Archibeque,S.L., Pape, D. and Wirth, T. (2008). Model for estimating enteric methane emissions from United States dairy and feedlot cattle.    J. Anim. Sci.,86: 2738-2748.
  12. Kohn, R.A., Dinneen, M.M. and Russek-Cohen, E. (2005).Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs and rats. J. Anim. Sci.,83: 879-889.
  13. Lahr, D.A., Otterby,D.E., Johnson,D.G., Linn,J.G. and Lundquist, R.G. (1983). Effects of moisture content of complete diets on feed intake and milk production by cows. J. Dairy Sci.,66: 1891-1900.
  14. Mohini, M. and Singh, G.P. (2010). Effect of supplementation of urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) on the milk yield and methane production in lactating cattle on different plane of nutrition. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 27: 96-102.
  15. Molina, I.C., Angarita, E.A., Mayorga,O.L.,Chara, J. and Barahona-Rosales, R. (2016). Effect of Leucaena leucocephala on methane production of Lucerna heifers fed a diet based on Cynodon plectostachyus.Livestock Sci.,185:24-29.
  16. Moss, AR., Jouany,J.P. and Newbold,J.(2000). Methane production by ruminants: Its contribution to global warming. Anim. Res.,49: 231-253.
  17. Mudron, P., Rehage, J., Sallmann, H.P., Holtershinken, M. and Scholz, H. (2005). Stress response in dairy cows related to blood glucose. Acta Vet.,74: 37-42.
  18. NRC (2001). Nutrient Requirement of Dairy cattle, 7th rev. Ed. National Academy Press, National Research Council, Washington, DC.
  19. Osaki, T.Y., Kamiya, S., Sawamura, S., Kai, M. and Ozawa, A. (1994). Growth inhibition of clostridium difficile by intestinal flora of infant faces in continuous flow culture. J. Med Micro.,40: 179–187.
  20. Pattarajinda, V. and Duangjinda, M. (2011). Dairy feed and Least Cost Feed Formulation Program. Department of Animal Science. Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen Universitry, Khon Kaen.
  21. Ramin, M. and Huhtanen, P. (2013). Development of equations for predicting methane emissions from ruminants. J. Dairy Sci., 96: 2476-2493.
  22. SAS (2002). The SAS System. Version 9.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
  23. Sherasia, P.L., Phondba, B.T., Hossain, S.A., Patel, B.P. and Garg, M.R. (2016). Impact of feeding balanced ration on milk production, methane emission, metabolites and feed conversion efficiency in lactating cows. Indian J. Anim. Res., 50 (4): 505-551.
  24. Shibata, M. and Terada, F. (2010). Factors affecting methane production and mitigation in ruminants.Anim. Sci. J.,81: 2-10.
  25. Sutton, J.D., Dhanoa, M.S., Morant, S.V., France, J., Napper, D.J. and Schuller, E. (2003). Rates of production of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the rumen of lactating dairy cows given normal and low-roughage diets.J. Dairy Sci.,86: 3620-3633.
  26. Suzuki, T., Phaowphaisal,I., Pholsen, P., Narmsilee,R., Indramanee, S., Nitipot,P., Chaokaur, A., Sommart,K., Khotprom,N., Panichpol, V. and Nishida, T. (2008). In vivo nutritive value of Pangola grass (Digitariaeriantha) hay by a novel indirect calorimeter with a ventilated hood in Thailand. Jpn Agric. Res. Q.,42: 123-129.
  27. Valadares, R.F.D., Broderick, G.A.,Valadares Filho, S.C. and Clayton, M.K. (1999). Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives. J. Dairy Sci.,82: 2686-2696.
  28. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991). Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal. J. Dairy Sci.,74:    3583-3597.
  29. Vasupen, K., Yuangklang,C., Witayakun, S. and Srinanuan, P. (2005). Effect of difference moisture on quality of fermented total mixed ration. In: Proceedings of the Technical Conference of 43rd Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
  30. Wongnen, C., Wachirapakorn,C., Patipan, C., Panpong, D., Kongweha, K., Namsaen, N.,Gunun, P. and Yuangklang, C. (2009). Effects of fermented total mixed ration and cracked cottonseed on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci.,22: 1625-1632.
  31. Yahaya, M.S., Kimura, A., Harai, J., Nguyen, H.V.,Kawai, M., Takahashi, J. and Matsuoka, S. (2001). Evaluation of structural carbohydrates losses and digestibility in alfalfa and orchard grass during ensiling.Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci.,14: 1-4.
  32. Yuangklang, C., Vasupen, K., Wittyakun, S., Srinanaun, P. and Sukho, C. (2004). Effect of total mixed ration and fermented total mixed ration on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in dairy cows. In: Proceeding of the 11th AAAP Congress “New Dimensions and challenges for sustainable livestock farming” The Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 10 (october 2019) : 1344-1348,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-749

    Impact of fermented total mixed rations on intake, VFA and methane production of dairy heifers

    M
    M. Arangsri
    V
    V. Pattarajinda
    M
    M. Duangjinda
    J
    J. Mungkalasiri
    W
    W. Angthong
    J
    J.K. Bernard
    1<div style="text-align: justify;">Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, P.O. Box 40002, Khon Kaen Thailand.</div>
    Cite article:- Arangsri M., Pattarajinda V., Duangjinda M., Mungkalasiri J., Angthong W., Bernard J.K. (2017). Impact of fermented total mixed rations on intake, VFA and methane production of dairy heifers. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(10): 1344-1348. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-749.

    ABSTRACT

    The objective of this study was to determine the effect of feeding two fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) on methane production in dairy heifers. Four Holstein Friesian dairy heifers with mean body weight (BW) of 301.1 ± 42.2 kg were used in a simple cross-over design trial. Treatments consisted of 2 FTMR formulated to yield either low (LMD) or high CH4 production (HMD). No differences were observed in dry matter intake (DMI; 6.49 and 6.19 kg/d), BW change (-3.37 and -7.25 kg), or DM digestibility (50.64 and 46.99%) between diets. Ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and molar proportions of acetate, propionate and butyrate were not different among diets. Concentrations of blood glucose were higher (P=0.05) for HMD compared with LMD at 2 h post feeding; however, blood urea nitrogen was not different. Methane emissions were 236.32 L/d for LMD and 273.70 L/d for HMD and not different. Feeding the FTMR differing in CH4 potential did not affect DMI, digestibility, ruminal TVFA production or molar proportions of VFAs in dairy heifers.

    REFERENCES

    1. AOAC (1995). Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed.vol. 1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
    2. Arangsri, M.,Pattarajinda,V. and DuangjindaM. (2014). The model predicting in vitro    methane production of ruminant feed stuffs. Proceedings of the 16th AAAP Animal Science Congress Vol. II November 10-14, GadjahMada University, Yogyagata, Indonesia.
    3. Bach, A., Calsamiglia, S. and Stem,M.D. (2005). Nitrogen metabolism in the rumen. J.    Dairy Sci., (E. Suppl.)88: E9-E21.
    4. Benchaar, C., Pomar, C.and Chiquette, J. (2001). Evaluation of dietary strategies to reduce methane production in ruminants: a modeling approach. Can. Anim. Sci.,81:563-574.
    5. Cao, Y., Takahashi,T., Horiguchi,K., Yoshida, N. and Zhou, D. (2012). In vitro ruminal dry matter digestibility and methane produc-    tion of fermented total mixed ration containing whole-crop rice and rice bran. Grassland Sci.,58: 130-139. 
    6. Cao, Y., Cai,D. and Takahashi,T. (2011). Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculant and beet pulp addition on fermentation characteristics and in vitro ruminal digestion of vegetable residue silage. J. Dairy Sci.,94:3902-3912.
    7. Cao, Y., Takahashi,T., Horiguchi,K., Yoshida,N. and Cai, Y. (2010). Methane emission from sheep fed fermented or non-fermented total mixed ration containing whole-crop rice and rice bran. Anim. feed Sci. Technol.,179:72-78.
    8. Curtis, S.E. and Nimz, C.K. (1988). Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. Consortium for Developing a Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Champaign, Illinois.
    9. Johnson, K.A. and Johnson, D.E. (1995). Methane emissions from cattle. J. Anim. Sci.,    73:2483-2492.
    10. Kannan, A., Garg, M.R. and Kumar, B.V.M. (2011). Effect of ration balancing on milk production, microbial protein synthesis and methane emission in crossbred cows under field conditions in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 28: 117-132.
    11. Kebreab, E., Johnson,K.A., Archibeque,S.L., Pape, D. and Wirth, T. (2008). Model for estimating enteric methane emissions from United States dairy and feedlot cattle.    J. Anim. Sci.,86: 2738-2748.
    12. Kohn, R.A., Dinneen, M.M. and Russek-Cohen, E. (2005).Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs and rats. J. Anim. Sci.,83: 879-889.
    13. Lahr, D.A., Otterby,D.E., Johnson,D.G., Linn,J.G. and Lundquist, R.G. (1983). Effects of moisture content of complete diets on feed intake and milk production by cows. J. Dairy Sci.,66: 1891-1900.
    14. Mohini, M. and Singh, G.P. (2010). Effect of supplementation of urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) on the milk yield and methane production in lactating cattle on different plane of nutrition. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 27: 96-102.
    15. Molina, I.C., Angarita, E.A., Mayorga,O.L.,Chara, J. and Barahona-Rosales, R. (2016). Effect of Leucaena leucocephala on methane production of Lucerna heifers fed a diet based on Cynodon plectostachyus.Livestock Sci.,185:24-29.
    16. Moss, AR., Jouany,J.P. and Newbold,J.(2000). Methane production by ruminants: Its contribution to global warming. Anim. Res.,49: 231-253.
    17. Mudron, P., Rehage, J., Sallmann, H.P., Holtershinken, M. and Scholz, H. (2005). Stress response in dairy cows related to blood glucose. Acta Vet.,74: 37-42.
    18. NRC (2001). Nutrient Requirement of Dairy cattle, 7th rev. Ed. National Academy Press, National Research Council, Washington, DC.
    19. Osaki, T.Y., Kamiya, S., Sawamura, S., Kai, M. and Ozawa, A. (1994). Growth inhibition of clostridium difficile by intestinal flora of infant faces in continuous flow culture. J. Med Micro.,40: 179–187.
    20. Pattarajinda, V. and Duangjinda, M. (2011). Dairy feed and Least Cost Feed Formulation Program. Department of Animal Science. Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen Universitry, Khon Kaen.
    21. Ramin, M. and Huhtanen, P. (2013). Development of equations for predicting methane emissions from ruminants. J. Dairy Sci., 96: 2476-2493.
    22. SAS (2002). The SAS System. Version 9.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
    23. Sherasia, P.L., Phondba, B.T., Hossain, S.A., Patel, B.P. and Garg, M.R. (2016). Impact of feeding balanced ration on milk production, methane emission, metabolites and feed conversion efficiency in lactating cows. Indian J. Anim. Res., 50 (4): 505-551.
    24. Shibata, M. and Terada, F. (2010). Factors affecting methane production and mitigation in ruminants.Anim. Sci. J.,81: 2-10.
    25. Sutton, J.D., Dhanoa, M.S., Morant, S.V., France, J., Napper, D.J. and Schuller, E. (2003). Rates of production of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the rumen of lactating dairy cows given normal and low-roughage diets.J. Dairy Sci.,86: 3620-3633.
    26. Suzuki, T., Phaowphaisal,I., Pholsen, P., Narmsilee,R., Indramanee, S., Nitipot,P., Chaokaur, A., Sommart,K., Khotprom,N., Panichpol, V. and Nishida, T. (2008). In vivo nutritive value of Pangola grass (Digitariaeriantha) hay by a novel indirect calorimeter with a ventilated hood in Thailand. Jpn Agric. Res. Q.,42: 123-129.
    27. Valadares, R.F.D., Broderick, G.A.,Valadares Filho, S.C. and Clayton, M.K. (1999). Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives. J. Dairy Sci.,82: 2686-2696.
    28. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991). Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal. J. Dairy Sci.,74:    3583-3597.
    29. Vasupen, K., Yuangklang,C., Witayakun, S. and Srinanuan, P. (2005). Effect of difference moisture on quality of fermented total mixed ration. In: Proceedings of the Technical Conference of 43rd Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
    30. Wongnen, C., Wachirapakorn,C., Patipan, C., Panpong, D., Kongweha, K., Namsaen, N.,Gunun, P. and Yuangklang, C. (2009). Effects of fermented total mixed ration and cracked cottonseed on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci.,22: 1625-1632.
    31. Yahaya, M.S., Kimura, A., Harai, J., Nguyen, H.V.,Kawai, M., Takahashi, J. and Matsuoka, S. (2001). Evaluation of structural carbohydrates losses and digestibility in alfalfa and orchard grass during ensiling.Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci.,14: 1-4.
    32. Yuangklang, C., Vasupen, K., Wittyakun, S., Srinanaun, P. and Sukho, C. (2004). Effect of total mixed ration and fermented total mixed ration on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in dairy cows. In: Proceeding of the 11th AAAP Congress “New Dimensions and challenges for sustainable livestock farming” The Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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