In the present study the thyroid gland of Chabro chicken was composed of stroma and parenchyma. The stroma of the thyroid gland was composed of connective tissue supported the follicles and Parafollicular cells present in the parenchyma. In present study the thyroid gland was enclosed by a thin capsule composed of two layers, the outer and inner layer.
The capsule showed mild reaction and the wall of blood vessels exhibited strong reaction for presence of Polysaccharides (PAS) (Table 1). The nuclei of red blood cells showed intense Feulgen’s reaction for presence of DNA (Photograph 8). Singh (1967) in chicken observed that the innermost capsula fibrosa exhibited positive reaction for PAS.
Prasad et al., (1999) in domestic ducks, Balasundaram (2005) in domestic fowl, Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks and
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks observed mild to intense positive reaction for PAS in the capsule.
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks observed weak glycogen activity in capsule. Balasundaram (2005) in domestic fowl and Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks noticed accumulation of lipids in the capsule. These authors also mentioned the increased accumulation of lipids in the middle layer of the capsule with age. The mild alkaline phosphatase activity in the capsula fibrosa was observed by Singh (1967) in chicken.
The interfollicular connective tissue showed mild, moderate and negative reaction for PAS, glycogen and AMPS, respectively. The interfollicular space was moderately reactive for lipids (Table 1). The interfollicular area of thyroid gland showed weak PAS positive reaction in domestic ducks, domestic fowl and Pati ducks
(Prasad et al., 1999; Balasundaram, 2005 and
Sinha et al., 2016, respectively).
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks observed weak glycogen activity in interfollicular space. Balasundaram (2005) in domestic fowl and Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks observed the accumulation of lipids in the interfollicular area of the thyroid gland.
The follicular epithelium exhibited negative to mild reaction for acid mucopolysachharides, mild for PAS, alkaline phosphatase enzyme and moderate for acid phosphatase enzyme and bound lipids (Photograph 4, 1 and 2, 6, 7 and 5). The nuclei of the follicular cells exhibited intense positive Feulgen’s reaction for DNA (Table 1) (Photograph 8).
Prasad et al., (1999) in domestic ducks, Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks noticed intense and
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks observed moderate PAS reaction in follicular cells of thyroid gland. Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks detected the glycogen granules in the follicular epithelial cells.
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks observed moderate glycogen activity in follicular lining epithelium. Singh (1967) in chicken noticed a mild alkaline phosphatase activity at the apical border of the follicular cells. Gulati and Nangia (1974) in chicken,
Prasad et al., (1999) in domestic ducks and Balasundaram (2005) in domestic fowl reported the presence of alkaline phosphatase activity in the follicular epithelium. The follicular epithelium in Kuttanad ducks had maximum activity of the alkaline phosphate at six weeks of age and thereafter the activity became moderate in the older age groups (Firdous and Lucy, 2015).
Sinha et al., (2016) in follicular epithelium of Pati ducks found strong reactivity for alkaline phosphatase from day old to 20 weeks age. Singh (1967) noticed mild Feulgen’s reaction in chromatin network of follicular cells in chicken.
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The colloid was glycoprotein in nature when stained with PAS for polysaccharide because of its content of thyroglobulin, an iodinated glycoprotein (Banks, 1993 in domestic animals and Beyzai and Adibmoradi, 2010 in ostrich). The colloid of summer season showed strong reaction at periphery and very strong reaction at center for PAS while in winter colloid had strong PAS positive activity (Table 1) (Photograph 1 and 2). Follicular colloid exhibited PAS positive reaction in animals (Dellmann and Brown, 1987 and Banks, 1993). Singh (1967) in chicken and Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks recorded strong positive reaction for PAS in colloid of thyroid gland.
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks observed strong glycogen activity in colloids. The colloid gave mild reaction for presence of glycogen (Photograph 3). Moderately positive alkaline phosphatase enzyme was present in colloidal content (Table 1) (Photograph 6). Singh (1967) observed alkaline phosphatase activity at the periphery of colloid. Singh (1967) observed absence of acid phosphatase reaction in the colloid in chicken.
Prasad et al., (1999) in domestic ducks; Balasundaram (2005) in domestic fowl; Firdous and Lucy (2015) in Kuttanad ducks and
Sinha et al., (2016) in Pati ducks noticed strong acid phosphatase reaction towards the colloidal margin of the lining cells of the active thyroid follicle.
The nuclear chromatin of Parafollicular cells gave mild reaction with Feulgen stain for DNA (Table 1) (Photograph 8). The parafollicular cells of thyroid gland in Pati ducks
(Sinha et al., 2016) reported mild reaction for PAS. Ismail (1987) in Fayomi laying and non-laying hens reported positive reaction for PAS in parafollicular cells. Singh (1967) noticed mild Feulgen’s reaction in chromatin network of parafollicular cells in chicken.
