Indian Journal of Animal Research

  • Chief EditorK.M.L. Pathak

  • Print ISSN 0367-6722

  • Online ISSN 0976-0555

  • NAAS Rating 6.50

  • SJR 0.263

  • Impact Factor 0.5 (2023)

Frequency :
Monthly (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December)
Indexing Services :
Science Citation Index Expanded, BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Scopus, AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Submit

Research Article

Indian Journal of Animal Research, volume 54 issue 2 (february 2020) : 249-253

Clinical study on short axis M-mode echocardiography in Crossbred Holstein Friesian Cows

C.K. Singh, N. Singh, T. Singh, P. Singh, J. Mohindroo, S.K. Mahajan
1Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.
Cite article:- Singh C.K., Singh N., Singh T., Singh P., Mohindroo J., Mahajan S.K. (2019). Clinical study on short axis M-mode echocardiography in Crossbred Holstein Friesian Cows. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(2): 249-253. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3762.

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted in apparently healthy Crossbred Holstein Friesian cows (n=40) to establish normal echocardiographic indices. The short axis M-mode echocardiography was conducted in non-sedated standing Crossbred Holstein Friesian cow using cardiac probe of 2.8 to 3.6 MHz from right parasternal short axis view. The clinico-physiological parameters were within the normal ranges. The mean ± SE of RVIDd was 3.40 ± 0.06 (2.61 - 4.42) cm,  IVSd 1.88 ± 0.06 (0.95 -3.17) cm, IVSs 2.72 ± 0.07 (1.77-3.81) cm, LVIDd 7.35 ± 0.14 (4.82-9.23) cm, LVIDs 4.37 ± 0.12 (2.04-5.87) cm, LVPWd 1.76 ± 0.06 (1.03-2.56) cm, LVPWs 2.80 ± 0.08 (1.58-3.96) cm, RWTd  0.50 ± 0.02 (0.35-0.85) cm, RWTs 1.31 ± 0.06 (0.84-2.83) cm, MWTd 1.89 ± 0.06 (1.23-3.03) cm, MWTs 2.76 ± 0.06 (1.85-3.74) cm,  IVS % (46.17 ± 2.46), LVPW % (60.39 ± 2.64 ), LVM (1007.35 ± 53.78) g, LV myocardial fraction (0.33 ± 0.01), EPSS (0.86 ± 0.02) cm, FS % (40.68 ± 1.20), heart rate (66.15 ± 0.96) beats /min and body weight was  426.78 ± 7.79 kg. The correlation with the body weight revealed negative correlation (p< 0.01) for the parameters viz RWTs.

REFERENCES

  1. Acorda, J.A. and Pajas, M.G.A. (2015). M-mode echocardiographic values in male and female Philippine Sheep (Ovisaries) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) by age and status of lactation and pregnancy. Philippines Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 52(1): 11-20.
  2. Acorda, J.A., Constante, J.L., Rayos, A.A. and Pajas, M.G.A. (2016). M-mode echocardiographic measurements in pregnant and non-pregnant Holstein-Friesian X Sahiwal Crossbred dairy cattle. Philippines Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 42 (1): 28-34.
  3. Boon, J.A. (2011). Veterinary Echocardiography. 2nd Ed. Ames. Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell.
  4. Braun, U., Schweizer, T. and Pusterla, N. (2001). Echocardiography of the normal bovine heart: technique and ultrasonographic appearance. Veterinary Record. 148: 47-51.
  5. Braun, U. (2008). Traumatic pericarditis in cattle: Clinical, radiographic and ultrasonographic findings. Veterinary Journal. 150 (6): 281-86.
  6. Buczinski, S., Rezakhani, A. and Boerboom, D. (2010). Heart disease in cattle: Diagnosis, therapeutic approach and prognosis. Veterinary Journal. 184: 258-263.
  7. Buczinski, S., Tolouei, M., Rezakhani, A. and Tharwat, M. ( 2013). Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac valvular thickness in healthy cows, cows with bacterial endocarditis and cows with respiratory diseases. Journal of Veterinary Cardiology. 15 (4): 253-61.
  8. Collins, N.M., Palmer, L. and Marr, C.M. (2010). Two dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic findings in healthy Thoroughbred foals. Australian Veterinary Journal. 88(11): 428-433.
  9. Crippa, L., Ferro, E., Melloni, P. and Cavalleti E. (1992). Echocardiographic parameters and indices in the normal Beagle dog. Lab Animal. 26: 190-95.
  10. Dudas-Gyorki, Z., Szabo, Z., Manczur, F. and Voros, K. (2011). Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic examination of clinically healthy, conscious ferrets. Journal of Small Animal Practices. 52(1): 18-25.
  11. Feigenbaum, H. (1986). Echocardiography. 4thedn Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. 
  12. Hallowell, G.D., Potter, T.J. and Bowen, I.M. (2007). Methods and normal values for echocardiography in adult dairy cattle. Journal of Veterinary Cardiology. 9: 91-98.
  13. Haendchen, V.R., Wyatt, H.L., Maurer, G., Zwehl, W., Bear, M. and Meerbaum, S. (1983). Quantitation of regional cardiac function by two-dimensional echocardiography I. Patterns of contraction in the normal left ventricle. Circulation. 67 (6): 1234-1245.
  14. Hughes, K.J. (2006). Diagnostic challenge: Lethargy and weakness in an Arabian foal with cardiac murmurs. Australian Veterinary Journal. 84: 209-212.
  15. Hollenberg, C., Strattner, A., Starke, A., Wohtsein, P. and Rehag, J. (2002). Efficiency of echocardiography in diagnosis of bovine vegetative endocarditis. In the proceeding of the XXII World Buaitrics Congress. Hannover, Germany, p.179.
  16. Long, K.J., Bonagura, J.D. and Darke, P.G. (1992). Standardised imaging technique for guided M-mode and Doppler echocardiography in the horse. Equine Veterinary Journal. 24: 226-235.
  17. Muzzi, R.A., Muzzi, L.A., de Araujo, R.B and Cherem, M. (2006). Echocardiographic indices in normal German shepherd dogs. Journal of Veterinary Science. 2: 193-198.
  18. Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliffe, K.W. and Constable, P.D. (2007). Diseases of the cardiovascular system. In: Veterinary Medicine. A Text Book of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goats. 10thEdn.,Elsevier, 
  19. Schober, K.E. and Baade, H. (2000). Comparability of left ventricular m-mode echocardiography in dogs performed in long- axis and short-axis. Veterinary Radiology Ultrasound. 41(6): 543-549.
  20. Slater, J.D. and Herrtage, M.E. (1995). Echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dimensions in normal ponies and horses. Equine Veterinary Journal. 19: 28-32.
  21. Strattner, A., Hollenberg, C., Starke, A., Wohtsein, P. and Rehage, J. (2002). Two dimensional and M-mode echocardiography in German Holstein Friesian cattle. In: Proceeding of XXII World Buiatrics Congress, Hannover, Germany, pp. 179.
  22. Torad, F.A., Amer, M.S., Shamaa, A.A. and Elsherpiency, E.A. (2016). Echocardiographic measurements and indices in normal adult buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 45(1): 336-341.
  23. Zarifi, M., Buczinski, S., Rezakhani, A., Dezfouli, M. and Khonsha, A. (2012). Effect of location on function and morphological echocardiographic variables in adult dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Cardiology. 14: 415-421. 
Reviewed By

Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Editorial Board

    View all (0)