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Research Article

volume 53 issue 12 (december 2019) : 1651-1655,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3720

Immunogenicity of virosome vaccine from Komarov mesogenic strain against Newcastle disease in chicken

T
T.R. Kannaki
E
E. Priyanka
S
Santosh Haunshi
1Avian Health Lab, Directorate of Poultry research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, Telangana, India.
Cite article:- Kannaki T.R., Priyanka E., Haunshi Santosh (2019). Immunogenicity of virosome vaccine from Komarov mesogenic strain against Newcastle disease in chicken. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(12): 1651-1655. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3720.

ABSTRACT

Immunogenic potential of virosome vaccine prepared from Komarov-mesogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was evaluated in chicken against Newcastle disease (ND). Mesogenic NDV strain –Komarov virus stock was bulk propagated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) and the allantoic fluid was harvested, purified and concentrated by density gradient ultra-centrifugation. Virosomes were prepared from purified virus by following Triton X-100 treatment and SM 2 bio-beads method. A total of 144 day-old Vanaraja chicks were used in immunization trial. First group was immunized with virosome vaccine through subcutaneous (S/C) route on 5th day; Second group was primed with same dose followed by booster of virosomes on 14th day. Third group was immunized with LaSota on 5th and 14th day and fourth group was kept as unimmunized control. ND specific antibody response was measured by haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) at different weekly intervals. Cell mediated immune response was analysed on 4th and 10th week by lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). Virosome vaccine prime-boost group induced HI titres equivalent to Lasota vaccine during first and second week of post-immunization. However, during third and fourth week Lasota vaccine induced higher antibody titres. On 9th and 10th week virosome prime -boost vaccine could induce equivalent antibody response to LaSota vaccine. No significant differences were observed between the three groups in stimulation indices on 4th and 10th week post-immunization. Prime-boost immunization with virosome vaccine from mesogenic NDV induces antibody titres equivalent to multiple doses of lentogenic live vaccine.

REFERENCES

  1. Alexander, D.J. (1997). Newcastle disease and other Paramyxoviridae infections. In:.Diseases of poultry. 10th ed. [Calnek BW, Barners HJ, Beard CW, McDougald L, Saif YM, editors] Iowa State University Press, 541-569. Ames, IA:
  2. Alexander, D.J. (2001). Newcastle disease. British Poultry Science, 42: 5–22.
  3. Bagai, S., Sarkar, D. P. (1993). Reconstituted Sendai virus envelopes as biological carriers: dual role of F protein in binding and fusion with liver cells, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 152: 15–25.
  4. Bhaiyat, M.I., Ochiai, K., Itakura, C. (1994). Brain lesions in young broiler chickens naturally infected with a mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus. Avian Pathology, 23: 693–708.
  5. Cannon, M.J., and Russel, P.H. (1988). Secondary in vitro stimulation of specific cytotoxic cells to Newcastle disease virus in chickens. Avian Pathology, 15: 731–740.
  6. CEC Commission of the European Communities. Commission Decision of 8 February 1993 laying down the criteria for vaccines to be used against Newcastle disease in the context of routine vaccination programmes. Official Journal of European Communities, L 59: 35.
  7. Czegliidi, A., Wehmann, E., Lomniczi, B. (2003). On the origins and relationships of Newcastle disease virus vaccine strains Hertfordshire and Mukteswar, and virulent strain Herts’33. Avian Pathology, 32: 271–276. 
  8. Droual, R., Bickford, A.A., Charlton, B.R., Kuney, D.R. (1990). Investigation of problems associated with intramuscular breast injection of oil-adjuvanted killed vaccines in chickens, Avian Diseases, 34: 571–574.
  9. Homhuan, A., Prakongpan, S., Prachak, P., Maas, R. A., Crommelin, D.J.A., Kersten, G. F.A., Jiskoot, W. (2004). Virosome and ISCOM vaccines against Newcastle disease: preparation, characterization and immunogenicity, European Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 22: 459–468.
  10. Huckriede, A., Bungener, L., ter Veer, W., Holtrop, M., Daemen, T., Palache, A.M., Wilschut, J., (2003). Influenza virosomes: combining optimal presentation of hemagglutinin immunopotentiating activity, Vaccine, 21: 925–931.
  11. Kapczynski, D.R., King, D.J. (2005). Protection of chickens against overt clinical disease and determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available Newcastle disease virus vaccines upon challenge with highly virulent virus from the California 2002 exotic Newcastle disease outbreak, Vaccine, 23: 3424–3433.
  12. Kapczynski, D.R., and Tumpey, T.M. (2003). Development of a virosome vaccine for Newcastle disease virus, Avian Diseases, 47: 578–587.
  13. Laemmli, V.K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of head of bacteriophage T4, Nature, 227: 680–684.
  14. Mazija H. (1990). Newcastle disease - A special review of immunosupression. Options Méditerranéennes, 7.
  15. Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays, Journal of Immunological Methods, 65: 55–63.
  16. Orajaka, L.J.E., Ezema, W.S. (2004). The effects of Newcastle disease vaccine (Komarov) on unvaccinated local hens. Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 25: 60–65.
  17. Reynold, D.L., and Maraqa, A.D. (2000). Protective immunity against Newcastle disease: The role of cell-mediated immunity, Avian Diseases, 44: 145–154.
  18. Saif, Y.M., Fadly, A.M., Glisson, J.R., (2008). Diseases of Poultry. Blackwell Publishing Professional; Ames: Newcastle disease, other avian paramyxoviruses, and pneumovirus infections, 75–93.
  19. Singh, R., Verma, P.C., Singh, S. (2010). Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of virosome based vaccines against Newcastle disease. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 42(3): 465-471. 
  20. Westbury, H. (2001). Newcastle disease virus: an evolving pathogen? Avian Pathology, 30: 117–128.
  21. Wilschut, J. (2009). Influenza vaccines: the virosome concept. Immunology Letters, 122: 118–121. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 12 (december 2019) : 1651-1655,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3720

    Immunogenicity of virosome vaccine from Komarov mesogenic strain against Newcastle disease in chicken

    T
    T.R. Kannaki
    E
    E. Priyanka
    S
    Santosh Haunshi
    1Avian Health Lab, Directorate of Poultry research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, Telangana, India.
    Cite article:- Kannaki T.R., Priyanka E., Haunshi Santosh (2019). Immunogenicity of virosome vaccine from Komarov mesogenic strain against Newcastle disease in chicken. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(12): 1651-1655. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3720.

    ABSTRACT

    Immunogenic potential of virosome vaccine prepared from Komarov-mesogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was evaluated in chicken against Newcastle disease (ND). Mesogenic NDV strain –Komarov virus stock was bulk propagated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) and the allantoic fluid was harvested, purified and concentrated by density gradient ultra-centrifugation. Virosomes were prepared from purified virus by following Triton X-100 treatment and SM 2 bio-beads method. A total of 144 day-old Vanaraja chicks were used in immunization trial. First group was immunized with virosome vaccine through subcutaneous (S/C) route on 5th day; Second group was primed with same dose followed by booster of virosomes on 14th day. Third group was immunized with LaSota on 5th and 14th day and fourth group was kept as unimmunized control. ND specific antibody response was measured by haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) at different weekly intervals. Cell mediated immune response was analysed on 4th and 10th week by lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). Virosome vaccine prime-boost group induced HI titres equivalent to Lasota vaccine during first and second week of post-immunization. However, during third and fourth week Lasota vaccine induced higher antibody titres. On 9th and 10th week virosome prime -boost vaccine could induce equivalent antibody response to LaSota vaccine. No significant differences were observed between the three groups in stimulation indices on 4th and 10th week post-immunization. Prime-boost immunization with virosome vaccine from mesogenic NDV induces antibody titres equivalent to multiple doses of lentogenic live vaccine.

    REFERENCES

    1. Alexander, D.J. (1997). Newcastle disease and other Paramyxoviridae infections. In:.Diseases of poultry. 10th ed. [Calnek BW, Barners HJ, Beard CW, McDougald L, Saif YM, editors] Iowa State University Press, 541-569. Ames, IA:
    2. Alexander, D.J. (2001). Newcastle disease. British Poultry Science, 42: 5–22.
    3. Bagai, S., Sarkar, D. P. (1993). Reconstituted Sendai virus envelopes as biological carriers: dual role of F protein in binding and fusion with liver cells, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 152: 15–25.
    4. Bhaiyat, M.I., Ochiai, K., Itakura, C. (1994). Brain lesions in young broiler chickens naturally infected with a mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus. Avian Pathology, 23: 693–708.
    5. Cannon, M.J., and Russel, P.H. (1988). Secondary in vitro stimulation of specific cytotoxic cells to Newcastle disease virus in chickens. Avian Pathology, 15: 731–740.
    6. CEC Commission of the European Communities. Commission Decision of 8 February 1993 laying down the criteria for vaccines to be used against Newcastle disease in the context of routine vaccination programmes. Official Journal of European Communities, L 59: 35.
    7. Czegliidi, A., Wehmann, E., Lomniczi, B. (2003). On the origins and relationships of Newcastle disease virus vaccine strains Hertfordshire and Mukteswar, and virulent strain Herts’33. Avian Pathology, 32: 271–276. 
    8. Droual, R., Bickford, A.A., Charlton, B.R., Kuney, D.R. (1990). Investigation of problems associated with intramuscular breast injection of oil-adjuvanted killed vaccines in chickens, Avian Diseases, 34: 571–574.
    9. Homhuan, A., Prakongpan, S., Prachak, P., Maas, R. A., Crommelin, D.J.A., Kersten, G. F.A., Jiskoot, W. (2004). Virosome and ISCOM vaccines against Newcastle disease: preparation, characterization and immunogenicity, European Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 22: 459–468.
    10. Huckriede, A., Bungener, L., ter Veer, W., Holtrop, M., Daemen, T., Palache, A.M., Wilschut, J., (2003). Influenza virosomes: combining optimal presentation of hemagglutinin immunopotentiating activity, Vaccine, 21: 925–931.
    11. Kapczynski, D.R., King, D.J. (2005). Protection of chickens against overt clinical disease and determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available Newcastle disease virus vaccines upon challenge with highly virulent virus from the California 2002 exotic Newcastle disease outbreak, Vaccine, 23: 3424–3433.
    12. Kapczynski, D.R., and Tumpey, T.M. (2003). Development of a virosome vaccine for Newcastle disease virus, Avian Diseases, 47: 578–587.
    13. Laemmli, V.K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of head of bacteriophage T4, Nature, 227: 680–684.
    14. Mazija H. (1990). Newcastle disease - A special review of immunosupression. Options Méditerranéennes, 7.
    15. Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays, Journal of Immunological Methods, 65: 55–63.
    16. Orajaka, L.J.E., Ezema, W.S. (2004). The effects of Newcastle disease vaccine (Komarov) on unvaccinated local hens. Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 25: 60–65.
    17. Reynold, D.L., and Maraqa, A.D. (2000). Protective immunity against Newcastle disease: The role of cell-mediated immunity, Avian Diseases, 44: 145–154.
    18. Saif, Y.M., Fadly, A.M., Glisson, J.R., (2008). Diseases of Poultry. Blackwell Publishing Professional; Ames: Newcastle disease, other avian paramyxoviruses, and pneumovirus infections, 75–93.
    19. Singh, R., Verma, P.C., Singh, S. (2010). Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of virosome based vaccines against Newcastle disease. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 42(3): 465-471. 
    20. Westbury, H. (2001). Newcastle disease virus: an evolving pathogen? Avian Pathology, 30: 117–128.
    21. Wilschut, J. (2009). Influenza vaccines: the virosome concept. Immunology Letters, 122: 118–121. 
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