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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 12 (december 2019) : 1624-1628,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3703

Testicular biometry and its relationship with age and body weight in young Deoni males

M
Minu Rachel Varghese
M
Mukund A. Kataktalware
S
Sakthivel Jeyakumar
D
D. N. Das
K
Kerekoppa P. Ramesha
P
Pratik R. Wankhade
1Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560 030, Karnataka, India.
Cite article:- Varghese Rachel Minu, Kataktalware A. Mukund, Jeyakumar Sakthivel, Das N. D., Ramesha P. Kerekoppa, Wankhade R. Pratik (2019). Testicular biometry and its relationship with age and body weight in young Deoni males. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(12): 1624-1628. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3703.

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to analyse the relationship between age, body weight and testicular biometry in young Deoni males. A total of 36 young Deoni males were monitored for body weight and testicular biometry measurements monthly. The average (Mean±S.D.) scrotal circumference (cm) and testicular volume (cm3) in <7 months, 7-12 months, >12-18 months, >18-24 months and >24 months age groups were 10.79±1.99, 13.4±2.25, 17.47±3.48, 21.19±2.64 and 25.9±1.71, respectively and 22.75±13.23, 43.05±18.32, 98.30±67.38, 174.46±89.20 and 258.01±89.23, respectively. The maximum increase in body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular volume and testicular weight was observed from nine to 16 months of age in young Deoni males. Age of the bulls had a significant (P<0.05) effect on the testicular biometry parameters. The correlation of age and body weight with all testicular parameters was positive and significant (P<0.05). It is concluded that age, body weight and testicular biometry are positively and significantly correlated with each other.

REFERENCES

  1. Abdel-Razek, A.K. and Ali, A. (2005). Developmental changes of bull (Bos taurus) genitalia as evaluated by caliper and ultrasonography. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 40: 23-27.
  2. Adhikary, G.N., Begum, M.I.A., Islam, M.N., Hossain, K.M.M. and Rauf, S M A. (2015). Gross and histological observations of pre-    pubertal testes of indigenous bulls (Bos indicus) of Bangladesh. Journal of Chemical, Physical and Biological Sciences 6: 01-12.
  3. Ahmad, E., Ahmad, N., Naseer, Z., Aleem, M., Sarwar, K.M., Ashiq, M., and Younis, M. (2011). Relationship of age to body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular ultrasonograms, and semen quality in Sahiwal bulls. Tropical Animal Health and Production 43: 159-164.
  4. Anonymous. (2009). Minimum Standards for Progeny Testing. Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.
  5. Bailey, T.L., Hudson, R.S., Powe, T.A., Riddell, M.G., Wolfe, D.F. and Carson, R.L. (1998). Caliper and ultrasonographic measurements of bovine testicles and a mathematical formula for determining testicular volume and weight in vivo. Theriogenology 49: 581-594.
  6. Barba, F. (1985). A clinical study of the genital organs of zebu bulls used for natural mating. Revista Cubana de Reproduccion Animal 11: 23-35.
  7. Coulter, G.H. and Foote, R.H. (1977). Relationship of body weight to testicular size and consistency in growing Holstein bulls. Journal of Animal Science 44: 1076-1079.
  8. Das, D.N., Kataktalware, M.A., Ramesha, K.P. and Obi Reddy, A. (2011). Productive and reproductive performances of Deoni cattle under intensive management system. Indian Journal of Animal Science 81: 1186-1188.
  9. Devkota, B., Koseki, T., Matsui, M., Sasaki, M., Kaneko, E., Miyamoto, A., Montoya, C.A. and Miyake, Y.I. (2008). Relationships among age, body weight, scrotal circumference, semen quality and peripheral testosterone and estradiol concentrations in pubertal and postpubertal Holstein bulls. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 70: 119-121.
  10. Galmessa, U. (2002). Semen quality and cryopreservability in relation to testicular biometry in cattle. MSc Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana. 
  11. Jain, R. (2004). Relationship of age, body weight, testicular measurement and semen quality for selection of Karan Fries and Sahiwal bulls. MSc Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana.
  12. Jain, R., Mohanty, T.K.and Pankaj, P.K. (2008). Study of relationship of age, testicular biometry and semen characteristics in bulls of Sahiwal And Friesian crosses. Journal of Dairying, Foods and Home Sciences 27: 175-180.
  13. Kupferschmied, H., Bachmann, F. and Gaillard, C. (1985). Investigations on scrotal circumference in Simmentals and their crosses with Red Pied Holstein and in German Black Pieds. Zuchthygiene 20: 240-246.
  14. Lemma, A. and Shemsu, T. (2015). Effect of age and breed on semen quality and breeding soundness evaluation of pre-service young bulls. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 6: 35-40.
  15. Mahmood, S.A., Ijaz, A., Ahmed, N., Rehman, H., Zaneb, H.and Farooq, U. (2014). A study on relationships among age, body weight, orchidometry and semen quality parameters in adult Cholistani breeding bulls. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 24: 380-384.
  16. Mandal, D.K., Singh, K. and Tyagi, S. (2004). Age related changes in body size and gonadal development of growing Frieswal bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 74: 31-34.
  17. Mandal, D.K., Tyagi, S.K. and Mathur, A.K. (2005). Semen production performance of Sahiwal bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 75: 17-19.
  18. Mathur, A.K., Mandal, D.K., Kumar, M. and Tyagi, S. (2006). Biometry of testes in Frieswal bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 76: 38-40.
  19. Morris, D.L., Tyner, C L., Morris, P.G., Forgason, R.L., Forgason, J.L., Williams, J.S. and Young, M.F. (1989). Correlation of scrotal circumference and age in American Brahman bulls. Theriogenology 31: 489-494.
  20. Osinowo, O., Dennis, S.M., Osori, D.I.K. and Molokwc, E.C.I. (1977). Scrotal and testicular dimensions in some West African bulls. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 4: 31-36.
  21. Perumal, P. (2014). Scrotal Circumference and its relationship with testicular growth, age, and body weight in Tho Tho (Bos indicus) bulls. International Scholarly Research Notices 2014: 1-6.
  22. Shelke, V.B. and Dhami, A.J. (2002). Clinical andrology and testosterone profile of Gir (Bos indicus) and Jafarabadi (Bubalus bubalis) bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Reproduction 23: 25-28.
  23. Suri, A.K. (1993). Neonate and pubertal androgen-leutenizing hormone relationship in male calves. Ph.D Thesis, NDRI, Deemed University, Karnal, Haryana.
  24. Tandle, M.K., Biradar, U.S. and. Shettar, V.B. (1998). Effect of age on body growth and testicular development in Deoni bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 68: 242-243.
  25. Torres-Júnior, J.R.S. and Henry, M. (2005). Sexual development of Guzerat (Bos taurus indicus) bulls raised in a tropical region. Anim. Reprod 2:114-121.
  26. Urrea, G., Cordoba, S.L., Neira, J.A. and Estrada, J.G.M. (2001). Body and testicular traits, libido testing and semen analysis of young males from the Blanco Orejinegro (Bos taurus) herd of University of Antioquia, throughout puberty onset. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias 14: 54-67.
  27. Vijetha, B.T., Rajak, S.K., Layek, S.S., Kumaresan, A., Mohanty, T.K., Chakravarty, A.K.,Gupta, A.K. et al., (2014). Breeding soundness evaluation in crossbred bulls: Can testicular measurements be used as a tool to predict ejaculate quality. Indian Journal of Animal Science 84: 177-180.
  28. Viu, M.A.O., Magnabosco, C.U., Filho, B.D.O., Lopes, D.T., Porto, R.N.G., Ferraz, H.T. and Gambarini, M.L. (2015). Testicular biometry, semen quality and sexual maturity of Nellore young bulls raised in the Brazilian tropical savannah. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 14: 144-150. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 12 (december 2019) : 1624-1628,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3703

    Testicular biometry and its relationship with age and body weight in young Deoni males

    M
    Minu Rachel Varghese
    M
    Mukund A. Kataktalware
    S
    Sakthivel Jeyakumar
    D
    D. N. Das
    K
    Kerekoppa P. Ramesha
    P
    Pratik R. Wankhade
    1Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station,&nbsp;ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560 030, Karnataka, India.
    Cite article:- Varghese Rachel Minu, Kataktalware A. Mukund, Jeyakumar Sakthivel, Das N. D., Ramesha P. Kerekoppa, Wankhade R. Pratik (2019). Testicular biometry and its relationship with age and body weight in young Deoni males. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(12): 1624-1628. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3703.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study was designed to analyse the relationship between age, body weight and testicular biometry in young Deoni males. A total of 36 young Deoni males were monitored for body weight and testicular biometry measurements monthly. The average (Mean±S.D.) scrotal circumference (cm) and testicular volume (cm3) in <7 months, 7-12 months, >12-18 months, >18-24 months and >24 months age groups were 10.79±1.99, 13.4±2.25, 17.47±3.48, 21.19±2.64 and 25.9±1.71, respectively and 22.75±13.23, 43.05±18.32, 98.30±67.38, 174.46±89.20 and 258.01±89.23, respectively. The maximum increase in body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular volume and testicular weight was observed from nine to 16 months of age in young Deoni males. Age of the bulls had a significant (P<0.05) effect on the testicular biometry parameters. The correlation of age and body weight with all testicular parameters was positive and significant (P<0.05). It is concluded that age, body weight and testicular biometry are positively and significantly correlated with each other.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abdel-Razek, A.K. and Ali, A. (2005). Developmental changes of bull (Bos taurus) genitalia as evaluated by caliper and ultrasonography. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 40: 23-27.
    2. Adhikary, G.N., Begum, M.I.A., Islam, M.N., Hossain, K.M.M. and Rauf, S M A. (2015). Gross and histological observations of pre-    pubertal testes of indigenous bulls (Bos indicus) of Bangladesh. Journal of Chemical, Physical and Biological Sciences 6: 01-12.
    3. Ahmad, E., Ahmad, N., Naseer, Z., Aleem, M., Sarwar, K.M., Ashiq, M., and Younis, M. (2011). Relationship of age to body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular ultrasonograms, and semen quality in Sahiwal bulls. Tropical Animal Health and Production 43: 159-164.
    4. Anonymous. (2009). Minimum Standards for Progeny Testing. Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.
    5. Bailey, T.L., Hudson, R.S., Powe, T.A., Riddell, M.G., Wolfe, D.F. and Carson, R.L. (1998). Caliper and ultrasonographic measurements of bovine testicles and a mathematical formula for determining testicular volume and weight in vivo. Theriogenology 49: 581-594.
    6. Barba, F. (1985). A clinical study of the genital organs of zebu bulls used for natural mating. Revista Cubana de Reproduccion Animal 11: 23-35.
    7. Coulter, G.H. and Foote, R.H. (1977). Relationship of body weight to testicular size and consistency in growing Holstein bulls. Journal of Animal Science 44: 1076-1079.
    8. Das, D.N., Kataktalware, M.A., Ramesha, K.P. and Obi Reddy, A. (2011). Productive and reproductive performances of Deoni cattle under intensive management system. Indian Journal of Animal Science 81: 1186-1188.
    9. Devkota, B., Koseki, T., Matsui, M., Sasaki, M., Kaneko, E., Miyamoto, A., Montoya, C.A. and Miyake, Y.I. (2008). Relationships among age, body weight, scrotal circumference, semen quality and peripheral testosterone and estradiol concentrations in pubertal and postpubertal Holstein bulls. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 70: 119-121.
    10. Galmessa, U. (2002). Semen quality and cryopreservability in relation to testicular biometry in cattle. MSc Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana. 
    11. Jain, R. (2004). Relationship of age, body weight, testicular measurement and semen quality for selection of Karan Fries and Sahiwal bulls. MSc Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana.
    12. Jain, R., Mohanty, T.K.and Pankaj, P.K. (2008). Study of relationship of age, testicular biometry and semen characteristics in bulls of Sahiwal And Friesian crosses. Journal of Dairying, Foods and Home Sciences 27: 175-180.
    13. Kupferschmied, H., Bachmann, F. and Gaillard, C. (1985). Investigations on scrotal circumference in Simmentals and their crosses with Red Pied Holstein and in German Black Pieds. Zuchthygiene 20: 240-246.
    14. Lemma, A. and Shemsu, T. (2015). Effect of age and breed on semen quality and breeding soundness evaluation of pre-service young bulls. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 6: 35-40.
    15. Mahmood, S.A., Ijaz, A., Ahmed, N., Rehman, H., Zaneb, H.and Farooq, U. (2014). A study on relationships among age, body weight, orchidometry and semen quality parameters in adult Cholistani breeding bulls. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 24: 380-384.
    16. Mandal, D.K., Singh, K. and Tyagi, S. (2004). Age related changes in body size and gonadal development of growing Frieswal bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 74: 31-34.
    17. Mandal, D.K., Tyagi, S.K. and Mathur, A.K. (2005). Semen production performance of Sahiwal bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 75: 17-19.
    18. Mathur, A.K., Mandal, D.K., Kumar, M. and Tyagi, S. (2006). Biometry of testes in Frieswal bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 76: 38-40.
    19. Morris, D.L., Tyner, C L., Morris, P.G., Forgason, R.L., Forgason, J.L., Williams, J.S. and Young, M.F. (1989). Correlation of scrotal circumference and age in American Brahman bulls. Theriogenology 31: 489-494.
    20. Osinowo, O., Dennis, S.M., Osori, D.I.K. and Molokwc, E.C.I. (1977). Scrotal and testicular dimensions in some West African bulls. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 4: 31-36.
    21. Perumal, P. (2014). Scrotal Circumference and its relationship with testicular growth, age, and body weight in Tho Tho (Bos indicus) bulls. International Scholarly Research Notices 2014: 1-6.
    22. Shelke, V.B. and Dhami, A.J. (2002). Clinical andrology and testosterone profile of Gir (Bos indicus) and Jafarabadi (Bubalus bubalis) bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Reproduction 23: 25-28.
    23. Suri, A.K. (1993). Neonate and pubertal androgen-leutenizing hormone relationship in male calves. Ph.D Thesis, NDRI, Deemed University, Karnal, Haryana.
    24. Tandle, M.K., Biradar, U.S. and. Shettar, V.B. (1998). Effect of age on body growth and testicular development in Deoni bulls. Indian Journal of Animal Science 68: 242-243.
    25. Torres-Júnior, J.R.S. and Henry, M. (2005). Sexual development of Guzerat (Bos taurus indicus) bulls raised in a tropical region. Anim. Reprod 2:114-121.
    26. Urrea, G., Cordoba, S.L., Neira, J.A. and Estrada, J.G.M. (2001). Body and testicular traits, libido testing and semen analysis of young males from the Blanco Orejinegro (Bos taurus) herd of University of Antioquia, throughout puberty onset. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias 14: 54-67.
    27. Vijetha, B.T., Rajak, S.K., Layek, S.S., Kumaresan, A., Mohanty, T.K., Chakravarty, A.K.,Gupta, A.K. et al., (2014). Breeding soundness evaluation in crossbred bulls: Can testicular measurements be used as a tool to predict ejaculate quality. Indian Journal of Animal Science 84: 177-180.
    28. Viu, M.A.O., Magnabosco, C.U., Filho, B.D.O., Lopes, D.T., Porto, R.N.G., Ferraz, H.T. and Gambarini, M.L. (2015). Testicular biometry, semen quality and sexual maturity of Nellore young bulls raised in the Brazilian tropical savannah. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 14: 144-150. 
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