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Research Article

volume 52 issue 6 (june 2018) : 868-874,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3291

Effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation on performance, immunity and HSP70 gene expression in broiler chicken during hot-dry summer 

J
J.J. Rokade
M
Mukesh Kagate
S
S.K. Bhanja
M
M. Mehra
A
A. Goel
M
Mayur Vispute
A
A.B. Mandal
1ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
Cite article:- Rokade J.J., Kagate Mukesh, Bhanja S.K., Mehra M., Goel A., Vispute Mayur, Mandal A.B. (2017). Effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation onperformance, immunity and HSP70 gene expression in broilerchicken during hot-dry summer. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(6): 868-874. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3291.

ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted on broiler chicks (n=120), reared in cages on a standard diet up to 14th day of age and thereafter up to 42nd day (14-42d) on test diets with or without MOS. The 14th day old chicks were randomly distributed into three dietary treatment groups viz., T1 (control diet), T2 (control diet with MOS @ 0.3%) and T3 (control diet with MOS @ 0.5%). Each dietary treatment comprised of four replicates of eight birds each. Experiment was carried out during hot-dry summer. It was found that production indices improved (P<0.001) significantly during all phases. Cellular and humoral immunity at 28th day of age improved significantly (P<0.05) due to MOS supplementation. The percentage of hemoglobin, protein, AST and ALT increased significantly (P<0.001) in MOS supplemented group at 28th as well as 42nd day of age. While H:L ratio, serum corticosterone and cholesterol levels decreased significantly (P<0.001) in MOS supplemented groups. Supplementation of MOS at the both levels caused significant (P<0.001) down regulation of HSP70 expression in jejunum tissues during 28th and 42nd day. Based on this study it was concluded that supplementation of 0.3% MOS in broiler diets significantly improved their performance and welfare during heat stressed conditions. 

REFERENCES

  1. Awad, W., Ghareeb, K. and Bohm, J. (2008). Intestinal structure and function of broiler chickens on diets supplemented with a s    ymbiotic containing Enterococcus faecium and oligosaccharide. International Journal Molecular Science, 9:2205–2216.
  2. Bhanja, S.K., Sudhagar, M., Goel, A., Pandey, N., Mehra, M., Agarwal, S.K. and Mandal, A.B. (2014). Differential expression of growth and immunity related genes influenced by in-ovo supplementation of amino acids in broiler chickens. Czech Journal of Animal Sciences, 59(9):399–408.
  3. Chee, S.H., Iji, P.A., Choct, M., Mikkelsen, L.L. and Kocher, A. (2010). Characterization and response of intestinal microflora and mucins to manno-oligosaccharide and antibiotic supplementation in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 51: 368–380.
  4. Corrier, D.E. and Deloach, J.R. (1990). Evaluation of cell mediated, cutaneous basophile hypersensitivity in young chickens by inter digital skin test. Poultry Science, 69:403–408.
  5. Dawkins, M.S., Donnelly, C.A. and Jones, T.A. (2004). Chicken welfare is influenced more by housing conditions than by stocking density. Nature, 427:342–344.
  6. Dozier, W.A., Thaxton, J.P., Purswell, J.L., Olanrewaju, H.A., Branton, S.L. and Roush, W.B. (2006). Stocking density effects on male broilers grown to 1.8 kilograms of body weight. Poultry Science, 85:344–351.
  7. Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11:1–42.
  8. Ghareeb, K., Awad, W.A., Nitsch, S., Abdel-Raheem, S. and Bohm, J. (2008). Effects of transportation on stress and fear responses of growing broilers supplemented with prebiotic or probiotic. Austria International Journal of Poultry Science, 7:678-685.
  9. Gibson, G.R. and Roberfroid, M.B. (1995). Dietary modulation of the human colonic microflora: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. Journal Nutrition, 125:1401–1412.
  10. Hasan, S., Hossain, M.M., Miahand, A. and Bhuiyan, M.E.R. (2014). Influences of pre-    biotic on growth performance and hemato-    biochemical parameters in broiler during heat stress. Bangladesh Journal Veterinary Medicine, 12 (2):121-125. 
  11. Houshmand, M., Azhar, K., Zulkifli, I., Bejo, M.H. and Kamyab, A. (2012). Effects of prebiotic, protein level, and stocking density on performance, immunity and stress indicators of broilers, Poultry Science, 91:393–401.
  12. Huang, R.L., Deng, Z.Y., Yang, C., Yin, Y.L., Xie, M.Y., Wu Li, T.J., Li, L.L., Tang, Z.R., Kang, P., Hou, Z.P., Deng, D., Xiang, H., Feng Kong, X. and Guo, Y.M. (2007). Dietary oligochitosan supplementation enhances immune status of broilers. Journal of Science Food & Agriculture, 87:153–159.
  13. Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change (2007) The Physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007. http://ipccwg1.ucar.edu/wg1/    Report/AR4W G1_Print_SPM.pdf.
  14. Leandro, N.S.M., Gonzales, E., Ferro, A., Ferro, M.I.T., Givisiez, P.E.N. and Macari, M. (2004). Expression of heat shock protein in broiler embryo tissues after acute cold or heat stress. Molecular Reproduction & Development, 67(2):172-177.
  15. Lei, K.Y. and Slinger, S.J. (1970). Energy utilization in the chick in relation to certain environmental stresses. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 50:285–292.
  16. Lowman, Z.S., Edens, F.W., Ashwell, C.M. and Nolin, S.J. (2014). Actigen influence on the gene expression of heat shock proteins in ross 708 broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 13(2):114-123.
  17. Mandal, A.B. (2010). Dietary modulation to curb impact of changing climate on livestock and poultry, Paper presented in international conference on physiological capacity building in livestock under changing climate scenario, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India, 11-13 Nov. 2010.
  18. Munck, A., Guyre, P.M. and Holbrook, N.J. (1984). Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions. Endocrinology Review, 5(1):25–44.
  19. Pfaffl, M.W. (2001). A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res., 29(9):45.
  20. Rokade, J.J., Bhanja, S.K., Shinde, A.S., Sajad, Mukesh Kapgate and Mandal, A.B. 2016. Evaluation of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) in broiler chicken during hot humid summer using zoo technical, molecular and physio-biochemical tools. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 86(4):460–467.
  21. Siegel, H.S. (1960). Effects of population density on the pituitary adrenal of cortical axis of cockerels. Poultry Science, 39:500–501. 
  22. Siegel, P.B. and Gross, W.B. (1980). Production and persistency of antibodies in chickens to sheep erythrocytes. 1. Directional selection. Poultry Science, 59:1-5.
  23. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1989). Statistical Methods (Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa). 
  24. Sohail, M.U., Hume, M.E., Byrd, J.A., Nisbet, D.J., Ijaz, A., Sohail, A., Shabbir, M.Z. and Rehman, H. (2012). Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poultry Science, 91:2235–2240.
  25. Sohail, M.U., Ijaz, A., Younus, M., Shabbir, M.Z., Kamran, Z., Ahmad, S., Anwar, H, Yousaf, M.S., Ashraf, K., Shahzad, A.H. and Rehman, H. (2013). Effect of supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide and probiotic on growth performance, relative weights of viscera, and population of selected intestinal bacteria in cyclic heat-stressed broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 22(3):485-491.
  26. Sohail, M.U., Rahman, Z.U., Ijaz, A., Yousaf, M.S., Ashraf, K., Yaqub, T., Zaneb, H., Anwar, H. and Rehman, H. (2011). Single or combined effects of mannan-oligosaccharides and prebiotic supplements on the total oxidants, total antioxidants, enzymatic antioxidants, liver enzymes, and serum trace minerals in cyclic heat-stressed broilers. Poultry Science, 90(11):2573-    2577.
  27. Sturkie, P.D. (1986). Body fluids: Blood. In: Sturkie, (Ed), Avian Physiology. (Springer Verlag, Berlin), pp. 102–120.
  28. Taherpour, K., Moravej, H., Shivazad, M., Adibmoradi, M. and Yakhchali, B. (2009). Effects of dietary probiotic, prebiotic and butyric acid glycerides on performance and serum composition in broiler chickens. African Journal Biotechnology, 8:2329-2334.
  29. Vijaya Janardhana, Mary M. Broadway, Matthew P. Bruce, John W. Lowenthal, Mark S. Geier, Robert J. Hughes, Andrew G.D. Bean, (2009) Prebiotics Modulate Immune Responses in the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of Chickens, The Journal of Nutrition Nutritional Immunolog,139:1404–1409.
  30. Wang, S. and Edens F.W. (1988). Heat conditioning induces heat shock proteins in broiler chickens and turkey poults. Poultry Science, 77:1636-1645.
  31. Zachary, L. (2012). Antigen influence on the gene expression of heat shock proteins in ross 708 broiler chickens. M.Sc. Thesis, North Carolina State University, 2012. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 6 (june 2018) : 868-874,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3291

    Effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation on performance, immunity and HSP70 gene expression in broiler chicken during hot-dry summer 

    J
    J.J. Rokade
    M
    Mukesh Kagate
    S
    S.K. Bhanja
    M
    M. Mehra
    A
    A. Goel
    M
    Mayur Vispute
    A
    A.B. Mandal
    1ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
    Cite article:- Rokade J.J., Kagate Mukesh, Bhanja S.K., Mehra M., Goel A., Vispute Mayur, Mandal A.B. (2017). Effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation onperformance, immunity and HSP70 gene expression in broilerchicken during hot-dry summer. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(6): 868-874. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3291.

    ABSTRACT

    An experiment was conducted on broiler chicks (n=120), reared in cages on a standard diet up to 14th day of age and thereafter up to 42nd day (14-42d) on test diets with or without MOS. The 14th day old chicks were randomly distributed into three dietary treatment groups viz., T1 (control diet), T2 (control diet with MOS @ 0.3%) and T3 (control diet with MOS @ 0.5%). Each dietary treatment comprised of four replicates of eight birds each. Experiment was carried out during hot-dry summer. It was found that production indices improved (P<0.001) significantly during all phases. Cellular and humoral immunity at 28th day of age improved significantly (P<0.05) due to MOS supplementation. The percentage of hemoglobin, protein, AST and ALT increased significantly (P<0.001) in MOS supplemented group at 28th as well as 42nd day of age. While H:L ratio, serum corticosterone and cholesterol levels decreased significantly (P<0.001) in MOS supplemented groups. Supplementation of MOS at the both levels caused significant (P<0.001) down regulation of HSP70 expression in jejunum tissues during 28th and 42nd day. Based on this study it was concluded that supplementation of 0.3% MOS in broiler diets significantly improved their performance and welfare during heat stressed conditions. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Awad, W., Ghareeb, K. and Bohm, J. (2008). Intestinal structure and function of broiler chickens on diets supplemented with a s    ymbiotic containing Enterococcus faecium and oligosaccharide. International Journal Molecular Science, 9:2205–2216.
    2. Bhanja, S.K., Sudhagar, M., Goel, A., Pandey, N., Mehra, M., Agarwal, S.K. and Mandal, A.B. (2014). Differential expression of growth and immunity related genes influenced by in-ovo supplementation of amino acids in broiler chickens. Czech Journal of Animal Sciences, 59(9):399–408.
    3. Chee, S.H., Iji, P.A., Choct, M., Mikkelsen, L.L. and Kocher, A. (2010). Characterization and response of intestinal microflora and mucins to manno-oligosaccharide and antibiotic supplementation in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 51: 368–380.
    4. Corrier, D.E. and Deloach, J.R. (1990). Evaluation of cell mediated, cutaneous basophile hypersensitivity in young chickens by inter digital skin test. Poultry Science, 69:403–408.
    5. Dawkins, M.S., Donnelly, C.A. and Jones, T.A. (2004). Chicken welfare is influenced more by housing conditions than by stocking density. Nature, 427:342–344.
    6. Dozier, W.A., Thaxton, J.P., Purswell, J.L., Olanrewaju, H.A., Branton, S.L. and Roush, W.B. (2006). Stocking density effects on male broilers grown to 1.8 kilograms of body weight. Poultry Science, 85:344–351.
    7. Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11:1–42.
    8. Ghareeb, K., Awad, W.A., Nitsch, S., Abdel-Raheem, S. and Bohm, J. (2008). Effects of transportation on stress and fear responses of growing broilers supplemented with prebiotic or probiotic. Austria International Journal of Poultry Science, 7:678-685.
    9. Gibson, G.R. and Roberfroid, M.B. (1995). Dietary modulation of the human colonic microflora: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. Journal Nutrition, 125:1401–1412.
    10. Hasan, S., Hossain, M.M., Miahand, A. and Bhuiyan, M.E.R. (2014). Influences of pre-    biotic on growth performance and hemato-    biochemical parameters in broiler during heat stress. Bangladesh Journal Veterinary Medicine, 12 (2):121-125. 
    11. Houshmand, M., Azhar, K., Zulkifli, I., Bejo, M.H. and Kamyab, A. (2012). Effects of prebiotic, protein level, and stocking density on performance, immunity and stress indicators of broilers, Poultry Science, 91:393–401.
    12. Huang, R.L., Deng, Z.Y., Yang, C., Yin, Y.L., Xie, M.Y., Wu Li, T.J., Li, L.L., Tang, Z.R., Kang, P., Hou, Z.P., Deng, D., Xiang, H., Feng Kong, X. and Guo, Y.M. (2007). Dietary oligochitosan supplementation enhances immune status of broilers. Journal of Science Food & Agriculture, 87:153–159.
    13. Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change (2007) The Physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007. http://ipccwg1.ucar.edu/wg1/    Report/AR4W G1_Print_SPM.pdf.
    14. Leandro, N.S.M., Gonzales, E., Ferro, A., Ferro, M.I.T., Givisiez, P.E.N. and Macari, M. (2004). Expression of heat shock protein in broiler embryo tissues after acute cold or heat stress. Molecular Reproduction & Development, 67(2):172-177.
    15. Lei, K.Y. and Slinger, S.J. (1970). Energy utilization in the chick in relation to certain environmental stresses. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 50:285–292.
    16. Lowman, Z.S., Edens, F.W., Ashwell, C.M. and Nolin, S.J. (2014). Actigen influence on the gene expression of heat shock proteins in ross 708 broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 13(2):114-123.
    17. Mandal, A.B. (2010). Dietary modulation to curb impact of changing climate on livestock and poultry, Paper presented in international conference on physiological capacity building in livestock under changing climate scenario, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India, 11-13 Nov. 2010.
    18. Munck, A., Guyre, P.M. and Holbrook, N.J. (1984). Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions. Endocrinology Review, 5(1):25–44.
    19. Pfaffl, M.W. (2001). A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res., 29(9):45.
    20. Rokade, J.J., Bhanja, S.K., Shinde, A.S., Sajad, Mukesh Kapgate and Mandal, A.B. 2016. Evaluation of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) in broiler chicken during hot humid summer using zoo technical, molecular and physio-biochemical tools. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 86(4):460–467.
    21. Siegel, H.S. (1960). Effects of population density on the pituitary adrenal of cortical axis of cockerels. Poultry Science, 39:500–501. 
    22. Siegel, P.B. and Gross, W.B. (1980). Production and persistency of antibodies in chickens to sheep erythrocytes. 1. Directional selection. Poultry Science, 59:1-5.
    23. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1989). Statistical Methods (Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa). 
    24. Sohail, M.U., Hume, M.E., Byrd, J.A., Nisbet, D.J., Ijaz, A., Sohail, A., Shabbir, M.Z. and Rehman, H. (2012). Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poultry Science, 91:2235–2240.
    25. Sohail, M.U., Ijaz, A., Younus, M., Shabbir, M.Z., Kamran, Z., Ahmad, S., Anwar, H, Yousaf, M.S., Ashraf, K., Shahzad, A.H. and Rehman, H. (2013). Effect of supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide and probiotic on growth performance, relative weights of viscera, and population of selected intestinal bacteria in cyclic heat-stressed broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 22(3):485-491.
    26. Sohail, M.U., Rahman, Z.U., Ijaz, A., Yousaf, M.S., Ashraf, K., Yaqub, T., Zaneb, H., Anwar, H. and Rehman, H. (2011). Single or combined effects of mannan-oligosaccharides and prebiotic supplements on the total oxidants, total antioxidants, enzymatic antioxidants, liver enzymes, and serum trace minerals in cyclic heat-stressed broilers. Poultry Science, 90(11):2573-    2577.
    27. Sturkie, P.D. (1986). Body fluids: Blood. In: Sturkie, (Ed), Avian Physiology. (Springer Verlag, Berlin), pp. 102–120.
    28. Taherpour, K., Moravej, H., Shivazad, M., Adibmoradi, M. and Yakhchali, B. (2009). Effects of dietary probiotic, prebiotic and butyric acid glycerides on performance and serum composition in broiler chickens. African Journal Biotechnology, 8:2329-2334.
    29. Vijaya Janardhana, Mary M. Broadway, Matthew P. Bruce, John W. Lowenthal, Mark S. Geier, Robert J. Hughes, Andrew G.D. Bean, (2009) Prebiotics Modulate Immune Responses in the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of Chickens, The Journal of Nutrition Nutritional Immunolog,139:1404–1409.
    30. Wang, S. and Edens F.W. (1988). Heat conditioning induces heat shock proteins in broiler chickens and turkey poults. Poultry Science, 77:1636-1645.
    31. Zachary, L. (2012). Antigen influence on the gene expression of heat shock proteins in ross 708 broiler chickens. M.Sc. Thesis, North Carolina State University, 2012. 
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