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Research Article

volume 52 issue 1 (january 2018) : 140-143,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3186

Carrier status and seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle of South Andaman

J
Jai Sunder
T
T. Sujatha
A
A. Kundu
M
M.S. Kundu
1Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair-744 101, A & N Islands, India
Cite article:- Sunder Jai, Sujatha T., Kundu A., Kundu M.S. (2017). Carrier status and seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle of South Andaman. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(1): 140-143. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3186.

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted with an aim to investigate the seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies in cattle which act as reservoir host. During the study a total of 427 cattle sera samples were collected from different parts of these islands. The samples were screened for presence of antibodies against different serovars of leptospira by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The results revealed that out of 427 sera sample 180 (42.15%) showed antibodies against different serovars of leptrospira. The serovars which showed positive results are L. australis, L. autumnalis, L. canicola, L. hardzo, L. hebdomadis, L. icterrohaemorrhagiae, L. pomona, L.pyrogenes, L.grippotyphosa, L. lai like.  The percent prevalence rate of leptospira ranged from 0.65 % (L. autumnalis) to as high as 19.61% (L. hebdomadis).  It was also found that seropositivity of L. grippotyphosa , L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L.hebdomadis were higher compared to other serovars as these serovars were commonly detected from human cases also. Based on the present finding and the history of this disease in these islands it was revealed that the prevalence of leptospirosis in animal was high and also an alarming situation as these serovars were commonly prevalent in human being also.

REFERENCES

  1. Agrawal, R., Kumar, M., Kumar M. and Srivastava. S. K. (2005). Epidemiological pattern of leptospirosis in livestock of Uttaranchal state. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 26(2): 109-113.
  2. Balakrishnan, G., Roy, G. P., Govindarajan, R., Ramaswamy, V. and Murali. M. B. (2011). Seroepidemiological studies on leptospirosis among bovines in organized farm. International Journal of Agro-Veterinary and Medical Sciences, 5(6): 511-519.
  3. Balamurugan, V., Thirumalesh, S. R. A., Sridevi, R., Mohandoss, N., Govindaraj, G., Hemadri, D., Gajendragad M. R. and Rahman. H. (2013). Seroprevalence of Bovine Leptospirosis in Odisha, India. World Journal of Veterinary Science, 1 : 1-7. 
  4. Ellis, W. A. (1994). Leptospirosis as a cause of reproductive failure in: Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practices, 10: 463-478.
  5. Everard, C. O. R., Hayes R. J. and Fraser-Chanpond. G. M. (1985). A serosurvey for leptospirosis in Trinidad among urban and rural dwellers and persons occupationally at risk. Trans Royal Society Tropical Medicine Hygiene, 79: 96–105.
  6. Faine, S. (1994). Leptospira and Leptospirosis. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
  7. Jeyakumar, S., Chatterjee, R. N., Ahlawat, S. P. S., Senani, S., Kundu, A., Sunder, J., Saha S. K. and Yadav. S. P. (2002). Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis and brucellosis in cattle and goats of A & N Islands. Indian Veterinary Medical Journal, 26: 351.
  8. Panwala, T. and Mulla. S. (2015). Seroprevalence of the Cattle Leptospirosis in South Gujarat Region of India. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 8 (2): 8-11.
  9. Patel, J. M., Vihol, P. D., Prasd, M. C., Kalyani, I. H., Raval, J. K., Patel, K. M., Thirumalesh, S. R. A. and Balamurugan. V. (2014). Seroepidemiological pattern of leptospirosis in bovine of South Gujarat, India. Veterinary World, 7(11): 999-1003.
  10. Ratnam, S. (1994). Leptospirosis : an Indian perspective. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 12 : 228-239.
  11. Sehgal, S. C., Murhekar M. V. and Sugunan. A. P. (1995). Outbreak of leptospirosis with pulmonary involvement in north Andaman. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 102: 9-12.
  12. Sehgal, S. C. (2000). Leptospirosis in the horizon. Nature Medicine Journal of India, 13: 228–230.
  13. Sharma, S., P. Vijayachari, A. P. Sugunan and Sehgal. S. C. (2003). Leptospiral carrier state and seroprevalence among animal population-    a cross sectional sample survey in Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Epidemiology and Infection, 131: 985-989.
  14. Sharma, S., Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A. P., Natarajaseenivasan K. and Sehgal. S. C. (2006). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk population of Andaman islands, India. Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygeine,74: 278-283.
  15. Sharma, S., Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A. P., Roy and S., Kalimuthusamy. (2014). Seroprevalence and Carrier Status for Leptospirosis in Cattle and Goats in Andaman Island. Indian Journal of Veterinary Scientific Technology, 5:205.doi: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000205.
  16. Srivastava, S. K. and Kumar, A.A. (2003). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in animals and human beings in various regions in the country. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 24: 155-159.
  17. Srivastava, S. K., Singh S. P. and Srivastava. N. C. (1983). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in animals and man in India. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 4: 243.
  18. Srivastava, S. K. (2008). Current status of leptospirosis in India in animals and humans. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 32(2): 179-186.
  19. Sunder, J., Rai, R. B., Kundu, A., Chatterjee, R. N., Senani S. and Jeyakumar. S. (2005). Incidence and prevalence of livestock diseases of A&N Islands. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 75 (9): 1041-1043. 
  20. Sunder, J. (2014). Status of livestock and poultry disease in A & N Islands: strategies to make island disease free. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2(4S): 42-47.
  21. Taylor, J. and Goyle, A. N. (1931). Leptospirosis in Andamans. Indian Medical Research Memoirs, Supplementary series to the Indian Journal of Medical Research. Indian Journal of Medical research, 20: 55-56.
  22. Vijayachari, P., Sehgal, S. C., Goris, M. G., Terpstra W. J. and Hartskeerl. R. A. (2003). Leptospira interrogans serovar valbuzzi: A cause of severe pulmonary haemorrhages in the andaman islands. Journal of medical Microbiology, 52:913-918.
  23. Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A.P. and Shriram. A.N. (2008). Leptospirosis: an emerging global public health problem. Journal of Bioscience, 33(4): 557-569.
  24. World Health Organisation (WHO). (2000). Leptospirosis in India-report of the investigation of a post-cyclone outbreak in Orissa. November 1999. Weekly Epidemiology Record 27 : 217-223.
  25. World Organization for Animal Health (Office International des Épizooties -OIE). (2013). Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. OIE, Paris, Chapter 2.1.9: 251-264.
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 1 (january 2018) : 140-143,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3186

    Carrier status and seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle of South Andaman

    J
    Jai Sunder
    T
    T. Sujatha
    A
    A. Kundu
    M
    M.S. Kundu
    1Division of Animal Science, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair-744 101, A & N Islands, India
    Cite article:- Sunder Jai, Sujatha T., Kundu A., Kundu M.S. (2017). Carrier status and seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle of South Andaman. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(1): 140-143. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3186.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study was conducted with an aim to investigate the seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies in cattle which act as reservoir host. During the study a total of 427 cattle sera samples were collected from different parts of these islands. The samples were screened for presence of antibodies against different serovars of leptospira by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The results revealed that out of 427 sera sample 180 (42.15%) showed antibodies against different serovars of leptrospira. The serovars which showed positive results are L. australis, L. autumnalis, L. canicola, L. hardzo, L. hebdomadis, L. icterrohaemorrhagiae, L. pomona, L.pyrogenes, L.grippotyphosa, L. lai like.  The percent prevalence rate of leptospira ranged from 0.65 % (L. autumnalis) to as high as 19.61% (L. hebdomadis).  It was also found that seropositivity of L. grippotyphosa , L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L.hebdomadis were higher compared to other serovars as these serovars were commonly detected from human cases also. Based on the present finding and the history of this disease in these islands it was revealed that the prevalence of leptospirosis in animal was high and also an alarming situation as these serovars were commonly prevalent in human being also.

    REFERENCES

    1. Agrawal, R., Kumar, M., Kumar M. and Srivastava. S. K. (2005). Epidemiological pattern of leptospirosis in livestock of Uttaranchal state. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 26(2): 109-113.
    2. Balakrishnan, G., Roy, G. P., Govindarajan, R., Ramaswamy, V. and Murali. M. B. (2011). Seroepidemiological studies on leptospirosis among bovines in organized farm. International Journal of Agro-Veterinary and Medical Sciences, 5(6): 511-519.
    3. Balamurugan, V., Thirumalesh, S. R. A., Sridevi, R., Mohandoss, N., Govindaraj, G., Hemadri, D., Gajendragad M. R. and Rahman. H. (2013). Seroprevalence of Bovine Leptospirosis in Odisha, India. World Journal of Veterinary Science, 1 : 1-7. 
    4. Ellis, W. A. (1994). Leptospirosis as a cause of reproductive failure in: Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practices, 10: 463-478.
    5. Everard, C. O. R., Hayes R. J. and Fraser-Chanpond. G. M. (1985). A serosurvey for leptospirosis in Trinidad among urban and rural dwellers and persons occupationally at risk. Trans Royal Society Tropical Medicine Hygiene, 79: 96–105.
    6. Faine, S. (1994). Leptospira and Leptospirosis. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
    7. Jeyakumar, S., Chatterjee, R. N., Ahlawat, S. P. S., Senani, S., Kundu, A., Sunder, J., Saha S. K. and Yadav. S. P. (2002). Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis and brucellosis in cattle and goats of A & N Islands. Indian Veterinary Medical Journal, 26: 351.
    8. Panwala, T. and Mulla. S. (2015). Seroprevalence of the Cattle Leptospirosis in South Gujarat Region of India. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 8 (2): 8-11.
    9. Patel, J. M., Vihol, P. D., Prasd, M. C., Kalyani, I. H., Raval, J. K., Patel, K. M., Thirumalesh, S. R. A. and Balamurugan. V. (2014). Seroepidemiological pattern of leptospirosis in bovine of South Gujarat, India. Veterinary World, 7(11): 999-1003.
    10. Ratnam, S. (1994). Leptospirosis : an Indian perspective. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 12 : 228-239.
    11. Sehgal, S. C., Murhekar M. V. and Sugunan. A. P. (1995). Outbreak of leptospirosis with pulmonary involvement in north Andaman. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 102: 9-12.
    12. Sehgal, S. C. (2000). Leptospirosis in the horizon. Nature Medicine Journal of India, 13: 228–230.
    13. Sharma, S., P. Vijayachari, A. P. Sugunan and Sehgal. S. C. (2003). Leptospiral carrier state and seroprevalence among animal population-    a cross sectional sample survey in Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Epidemiology and Infection, 131: 985-989.
    14. Sharma, S., Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A. P., Natarajaseenivasan K. and Sehgal. S. C. (2006). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk population of Andaman islands, India. Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygeine,74: 278-283.
    15. Sharma, S., Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A. P., Roy and S., Kalimuthusamy. (2014). Seroprevalence and Carrier Status for Leptospirosis in Cattle and Goats in Andaman Island. Indian Journal of Veterinary Scientific Technology, 5:205.doi: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000205.
    16. Srivastava, S. K. and Kumar, A.A. (2003). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in animals and human beings in various regions in the country. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 24: 155-159.
    17. Srivastava, S. K., Singh S. P. and Srivastava. N. C. (1983). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in animals and man in India. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 4: 243.
    18. Srivastava, S. K. (2008). Current status of leptospirosis in India in animals and humans. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 32(2): 179-186.
    19. Sunder, J., Rai, R. B., Kundu, A., Chatterjee, R. N., Senani S. and Jeyakumar. S. (2005). Incidence and prevalence of livestock diseases of A&N Islands. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 75 (9): 1041-1043. 
    20. Sunder, J. (2014). Status of livestock and poultry disease in A & N Islands: strategies to make island disease free. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2(4S): 42-47.
    21. Taylor, J. and Goyle, A. N. (1931). Leptospirosis in Andamans. Indian Medical Research Memoirs, Supplementary series to the Indian Journal of Medical Research. Indian Journal of Medical research, 20: 55-56.
    22. Vijayachari, P., Sehgal, S. C., Goris, M. G., Terpstra W. J. and Hartskeerl. R. A. (2003). Leptospira interrogans serovar valbuzzi: A cause of severe pulmonary haemorrhages in the andaman islands. Journal of medical Microbiology, 52:913-918.
    23. Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A.P. and Shriram. A.N. (2008). Leptospirosis: an emerging global public health problem. Journal of Bioscience, 33(4): 557-569.
    24. World Health Organisation (WHO). (2000). Leptospirosis in India-report of the investigation of a post-cyclone outbreak in Orissa. November 1999. Weekly Epidemiology Record 27 : 217-223.
    25. World Organization for Animal Health (Office International des Épizooties -OIE). (2013). Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. OIE, Paris, Chapter 2.1.9: 251-264.
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