Medicinal plants are considered as a gift of nature and are used to cure a number of diseases of human beings because of presence of naturally occurring phytochemicals. These chemicals are alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. This is why, flora are used for the cure of different diseases
Abdelaaty et al., (2018). Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (
Nelumbonaceae) is known by numerous common names like sacred lotus, Indian lotus, bean of India, and simply lotus. The Linnaean binomial system currently recognized the name of this specie as
N. nucifera Gaertn Bhardwaj
et al., (2015). Nelumbo nucifera is an aquatic herb with white or red coloured flowers. Their seed have demonstrated antioxidant and antifertility action
Deepa et al., (2008). N. nucifera water leaves extract has anti-tumor activity and has significant potential as a chemotherapeutic agent
Yang et al., (2011), hot water extract of different parts (flowers, roots, seed and leaf) of plant
N. nucifera show anti-wrinkle and skin whitening effects, leaf extracts can be used as a source of natural antioxidant for potential preventative therapies against angiogenesis-related disease
Kim et al., (2011). Every year, millions of people get affected by diabetes. The population of diabetic patient increasing worldwide and it is estimated that about 336 million peoples are diabetic and about 552 million peoples are expected to have diabetes in 2030
Sharma and Rhyu (2014). This disease increases 25% chance of blindness, 20% renal failure and 2-3% heart diseases. It may produce either by non-proper functioning of beta-cells of the pancreas or by inheritance, excessive use of drug and by malnutrition
Ahmed et al., (2010). At present two types of diabetes are here
i.e. Type-1 diabetes and Type-2 diabetes. Type-1 produce due to complete non-secretion of insulin from beta cells of the pancreas and type-2 appear due to insufficient or non-action of insulin. Type-1 is the most common chronic condition in childhood or adolescence and affect 0.3-0.6% young individuals of the age of 20
Rodin et al., (2002). At present, different formulated drugs are being used to control hyperglycemia conditions like insulin sensitizers, insulin secret a gogues, inhibitors of sugar cleavage sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, biguanides, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors and α-glucosidase inhibitors
Sharma and Rhyu (2014). All of these drugs control the homeostasis of blood sugar by different mechanisms. But there are some drawbacks/side effects which limit them for longer use such drugs. So there is a need of some those chemicals which show effective anti-diabetic results and low side-effects. Plants are a good source of such naturally occurring compounds which show better anti-diabetics effects with minimum side effects. The phytochemicals reported in leaf of Nelumbo nucifera are “Quercetin- 3-O-D- glucuronide, Tartaric acid, Quercetin, Roemerine, Nuciferine, Nornuciferine, Armepavine, Acetic acid, Pronuciferine, N-nornuciferine, Anonaine, Liriodenine, Gluconic acid, Malic acid, Ginnol, Nonadecane, Succinic, Quercetin 3-O-Dxylopyranosyl-D galactopyranoside, Rutin, Hyperin, Isoquercitrin,
Keshav et al., (2015), hydnocarpin B and hydnocarpin D, isohydnocarpin A, flavolignan
Jong et al., (2014).