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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 42 issue 2 (june 2008) : 95-99

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONS IN THE BRAIN OF GOAT*

K
K.M. Lucy
K
K.R. Harshan1
J
J.J. Chungath
N
N. Ashok2
1Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy - 680 651, Kerala, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Lucy K.M., Harshan1 K.R., Chungath J.J., Ashok2 N. (2025). PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONS IN THE BRAIN OF GOAT*. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 42(2): 95-99. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Prenatal development of the neurons in the brain of goats was studied using 52 foetuses ranging
from 1.4cm CRL (24 days of gestation) to 41.5cm CRL (full term). By 24 days, the middle mantle
layer of the neural tube showed two types of cells, viz., the larger neuroblasts and the smaller
spongioblasts. Primitive neurons could be clearly distinguished from spongioblasts at 40 days.
Aggregation of neuroblasts, the nuclei, first appeared in the seventh week in the thalamus,
mesencephalic tegmentum, pons and medulla oblongata. Neurofibrils appeared in the cytoplasm of
neurons towards the middle of gestation. But the Nissl granules appeared in the middle of fourth
month. Most of the neurons of the brain differentiated during fourth month. Nuclei of most of the
neurons were vesicular, centrally placed with dark staining nucleoli. In the granular layer of
cerebellum, the nuclei were chromatic and non-vesicular. Towards term, neurons in all parts of the
brain were well developed.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Bancroft, J.D. and Stevens, A. (1977). Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. Churchill
    2. Livingstone, Edinburgh.
    3. De Lahunta, A. (1983). Veterinary Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neurology. 2nd Ed. W.B. Saunders
    4. Company, Philadelphia.
    5. Dellmann, H.D. and Eurell, J.A. (1998). Textbook of Veterinary Histology. 5th Ed. Lippincott Williams and
    6. Wilkins, Philadelphia.
    7. FIG 6. T.S. of the cerebral cortex showing deeper
    8. layers of cerebral cortex (144 days). H&E x 400
    9. 1. Large pyramidal neurons
    10. 2. Fusiform cell layer
    11. 3. Capillary
    12. Vol. 42, No. 2, 2008 99
    13. Dellmann, H.D. and Mc Clure, R.G. (1975) In Sisson and Grossman’s the Anatomyof the Domestic Animals. 5th Ed.
    14. (Ed. Getty, R.). W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. pp.1065-1080.
    15. Dyce, K.M. et al. (1996). Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 2nd Ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
    16. Ghosh, R. K. (2002). Essentials of Veterinary Embryology. Medical Book Company, Kolkatta.
    17. Gilbert, S.F. (1997). Developmental Biology. 5th Ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland.
    18. Larsell, O. (1951). Anatomy of the Nervous System. 2nd Ed. Appleton Century Crofts, New York.
    19. Luna, L.G. (1968). Manual of Histological Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd Ed. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company, New York.
    20. Paramasivan, S. and Sharma, D.N. (2001). Indian J. Vet. Anat., 13 : 62-69.
    21. Sadler, T.W. (2004). Langman’s Medical Embryology. 9th Ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
    22. Shuangshoti, S. and Netsky, M.G. (1966). Am. J. Anat,. 118 : 283-316.
    23. Singh, Y. et al. (1979). Indian J. Anim. Sci., 49 : 925-931.
    24. Truex, R.C. and Carpenter, M.B. (1969). Human Neuroanatomy. 6th Ed. The Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
    25. Vyas, K. N. (1975). Ph. D dissertation, P.A.U., Ludhiana
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    Indian Journal of Animal Research
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      volume 42 issue 2 (june 2008) : 95-99

      PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONS IN THE BRAIN OF GOAT*

      K
      K.M. Lucy
      K
      K.R. Harshan1
      J
      J.J. Chungath
      N
      N. Ashok2
      1Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy - 680 651, Kerala, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Lucy K.M., Harshan1 K.R., Chungath J.J., Ashok2 N. (2025). PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONS IN THE BRAIN OF GOAT*. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 42(2): 95-99. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Prenatal development of the neurons in the brain of goats was studied using 52 foetuses ranging
      from 1.4cm CRL (24 days of gestation) to 41.5cm CRL (full term). By 24 days, the middle mantle
      layer of the neural tube showed two types of cells, viz., the larger neuroblasts and the smaller
      spongioblasts. Primitive neurons could be clearly distinguished from spongioblasts at 40 days.
      Aggregation of neuroblasts, the nuclei, first appeared in the seventh week in the thalamus,
      mesencephalic tegmentum, pons and medulla oblongata. Neurofibrils appeared in the cytoplasm of
      neurons towards the middle of gestation. But the Nissl granules appeared in the middle of fourth
      month. Most of the neurons of the brain differentiated during fourth month. Nuclei of most of the
      neurons were vesicular, centrally placed with dark staining nucleoli. In the granular layer of
      cerebellum, the nuclei were chromatic and non-vesicular. Towards term, neurons in all parts of the
      brain were well developed.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Bancroft, J.D. and Stevens, A. (1977). Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. Churchill
        2. Livingstone, Edinburgh.
        3. De Lahunta, A. (1983). Veterinary Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neurology. 2nd Ed. W.B. Saunders
        4. Company, Philadelphia.
        5. Dellmann, H.D. and Eurell, J.A. (1998). Textbook of Veterinary Histology. 5th Ed. Lippincott Williams and
        6. Wilkins, Philadelphia.
        7. FIG 6. T.S. of the cerebral cortex showing deeper
        8. layers of cerebral cortex (144 days). H&E x 400
        9. 1. Large pyramidal neurons
        10. 2. Fusiform cell layer
        11. 3. Capillary
        12. Vol. 42, No. 2, 2008 99
        13. Dellmann, H.D. and Mc Clure, R.G. (1975) In Sisson and Grossman’s the Anatomyof the Domestic Animals. 5th Ed.
        14. (Ed. Getty, R.). W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. pp.1065-1080.
        15. Dyce, K.M. et al. (1996). Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 2nd Ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
        16. Ghosh, R. K. (2002). Essentials of Veterinary Embryology. Medical Book Company, Kolkatta.
        17. Gilbert, S.F. (1997). Developmental Biology. 5th Ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland.
        18. Larsell, O. (1951). Anatomy of the Nervous System. 2nd Ed. Appleton Century Crofts, New York.
        19. Luna, L.G. (1968). Manual of Histological Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd Ed. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company, New York.
        20. Paramasivan, S. and Sharma, D.N. (2001). Indian J. Vet. Anat., 13 : 62-69.
        21. Sadler, T.W. (2004). Langman’s Medical Embryology. 9th Ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
        22. Shuangshoti, S. and Netsky, M.G. (1966). Am. J. Anat,. 118 : 283-316.
        23. Singh, Y. et al. (1979). Indian J. Anim. Sci., 49 : 925-931.
        24. Truex, R.C. and Carpenter, M.B. (1969). Human Neuroanatomy. 6th Ed. The Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
        25. Vyas, K. N. (1975). Ph. D dissertation, P.A.U., Ludhiana
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          Indian Journal of Animal Research

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