Indian Journal of Animal Research, volume 42 issue 1 (march 2008) : 23-28

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRANIAL MENINGES IN GOATS*

K. M. Lucy, K.R. Harshan1, J.J. Chungath, N. Ashok2

Affiliations

¹Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy - 680 651, Kerala, India

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Cite article:- Lucy M. K., Harshan1 K.R., Chungath J.J., Ashok2 N. (2025). PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRANIAL MENINGES IN GOATS*. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 42(1): 23-28. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Prenatal development of the cranial meninges in goats was studied using 52 foetuses with a
Crown Rump Length (CRL) ranging from 1.4cm (24 days of gestation) to 41.5cm (full term). The
meninges arose as condensation of the neighbouring mesenchyme. The pia mater started
differentiating by 24 days of gestational age and the dura at 40 days. Cartilaginous cranial vault
also appeared by 40 days. The arachnoid developed at 48 days of age. The dura was generally
thicker in the ventral aspect of brain when compared to the sides and top. Arachnoid, the thinnest
of the three, followed the infoldings of the dura. It did not follow the sulci of cerebrum and cerebellum
but bridged over them. From the arachnoid, strands of fibres formed a loose reticulum across the
subarachnoid space. Pia was highly vascularised and extended deep into the sulci. Depending on
the vascularity, thickness of the pia mater varied over different regions and at different ages. In the
brainstem and cerebellum, thickness was maximum towards the end of second month. But on the
cerebral surface it showed maximum development during fifth month. Pia-arachnoid gave a strong
positive reaction for alkaline phosphatase.

KEYWORDS

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PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRANIAL MENINGES IN GOATS*

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