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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 43 issue 1 (march 2009) : 7-11

EARLY HISTOMORPHOGENESIS OF METENCEPHALON IN GOATS*

K
K.M. Lucy
K
K.R. Harshan1
J
J.J. Chungath
N
N. Ashok2
1Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy-680 651, Thrissur, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

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Cite article:- Lucy K.M., Harshan1 K.R., Chungath J.J., Ashok2 N. (2025). EARLY HISTOMORPHOGENESIS OF METENCEPHALON IN GOATS*. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 43(1): 7-11. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Early development of the metencephalon was studied using six goat foetuses up to one month of
gestation. By 24 days of age (1.4cm CRL), the neural tube was completely fused and the brain
vesicles started developing. The metencephalon was distinguished from the more posterior
myelencephalon by its much thicker roof and by the presence of the isthmus and the pontine flexure.
It was circular in cross section and distinct basal and alar plates representing the motor and sensory
areas were found on each side of the midline and were united by the floor and roof plates, respectively.
A prominent sulcus limitans divided the alar and basal laminae. The walls bore the prominent scalloping
of neuromeres. Near the beginning of the hindbrain were the large semilunar ganglia. Junction
between metencephalon and myelencephalon was demarcated by the sharply defined otocyst. All
the metencephalic parameters showed a significant positive correlation with the parameters of the
other brain vesicles. Histologically, wall of the metencephalon showed an inner ependymal, middle
mantle and outer marginal layers bounded by the inner and outer limiting membranes

REFERENCES

  1. Arey, L.B. (1957). Developmental Anatomy. 6th ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. pp.676.
  2. Chrisman, C.L. (1991). Problems in Small Animal Neurology. 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. pp.526.
  3. De Lahunta, A. (1983). Veterinary Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neurology. 2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Company,
  4. Philadelphia. pp. 8-317.
  5. Dellmann, H.D. and Eurell, J.A. (1998). Textbook of Veterinary Histology. 5th ed. Williams and Wilkins, Lippincott Philadelphia. pp. 91-113.
  6. Ghosh, R.K. (2002). Essentials of Veterinary Embryology. Medical Book Company, Kolkatta. pp: 86-89.
  7. Gilbert, S.F. (1997). Developmental Biology. 5th ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland. pp.473.
  8. Harrison, R.G. (1978). Clinical Embryology. Academic Press, London. pp. 250.
  9. Houston, M.L. (1968). J. comp. Neurol. 134: 371.
  10. Jacobson, A.G. and Tam, P.P.L. (1982). Anat. Rec. 203: 375.
  11. Jenkins, T.W. (1978). Functional Mammalian Neuroanatomy. 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. pp. 480. Vol. 43, No. 1, 2009 11
  12. Keith, A. (1947). Human Embryology and Morphology. 6th ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. pp. 690.
  13. Luna, L.G. (1968). Manual of Histological Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd ed. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company, New York. pp.258.
  14. Mc Ewen, R.S. (1957). Vertebrate Embryology. 4th ed. Henry Holt and Company, New York. pp.701.
  15. Sadler, T.W. (2004). Langman’s Medical Embryology. 9th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. pp. 433-474.
  16. Singh, Y. et al. (1979). Indian J. Anim. Sci., 49 : 925-931.
  17. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1985). Statistical Methods. 7th ed. The Iowa State University Press, USA. pp. 313
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    volume 43 issue 1 (march 2009) : 7-11

    EARLY HISTOMORPHOGENESIS OF METENCEPHALON IN GOATS*

    K
    K.M. Lucy
    K
    K.R. Harshan1
    J
    J.J. Chungath
    N
    N. Ashok2
    1Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy-680 651, Thrissur, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Lucy K.M., Harshan1 K.R., Chungath J.J., Ashok2 N. (2025). EARLY HISTOMORPHOGENESIS OF METENCEPHALON IN GOATS*. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 43(1): 7-11. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Early development of the metencephalon was studied using six goat foetuses up to one month of
    gestation. By 24 days of age (1.4cm CRL), the neural tube was completely fused and the brain
    vesicles started developing. The metencephalon was distinguished from the more posterior
    myelencephalon by its much thicker roof and by the presence of the isthmus and the pontine flexure.
    It was circular in cross section and distinct basal and alar plates representing the motor and sensory
    areas were found on each side of the midline and were united by the floor and roof plates, respectively.
    A prominent sulcus limitans divided the alar and basal laminae. The walls bore the prominent scalloping
    of neuromeres. Near the beginning of the hindbrain were the large semilunar ganglia. Junction
    between metencephalon and myelencephalon was demarcated by the sharply defined otocyst. All
    the metencephalic parameters showed a significant positive correlation with the parameters of the
    other brain vesicles. Histologically, wall of the metencephalon showed an inner ependymal, middle
    mantle and outer marginal layers bounded by the inner and outer limiting membranes

    REFERENCES

    1. Arey, L.B. (1957). Developmental Anatomy. 6th ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. pp.676.
    2. Chrisman, C.L. (1991). Problems in Small Animal Neurology. 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. pp.526.
    3. De Lahunta, A. (1983). Veterinary Neuroanatomy and Clinical Neurology. 2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Company,
    4. Philadelphia. pp. 8-317.
    5. Dellmann, H.D. and Eurell, J.A. (1998). Textbook of Veterinary Histology. 5th ed. Williams and Wilkins, Lippincott Philadelphia. pp. 91-113.
    6. Ghosh, R.K. (2002). Essentials of Veterinary Embryology. Medical Book Company, Kolkatta. pp: 86-89.
    7. Gilbert, S.F. (1997). Developmental Biology. 5th ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland. pp.473.
    8. Harrison, R.G. (1978). Clinical Embryology. Academic Press, London. pp. 250.
    9. Houston, M.L. (1968). J. comp. Neurol. 134: 371.
    10. Jacobson, A.G. and Tam, P.P.L. (1982). Anat. Rec. 203: 375.
    11. Jenkins, T.W. (1978). Functional Mammalian Neuroanatomy. 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. pp. 480. Vol. 43, No. 1, 2009 11
    12. Keith, A. (1947). Human Embryology and Morphology. 6th ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. pp. 690.
    13. Luna, L.G. (1968). Manual of Histological Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd ed. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company, New York. pp.258.
    14. Mc Ewen, R.S. (1957). Vertebrate Embryology. 4th ed. Henry Holt and Company, New York. pp.701.
    15. Sadler, T.W. (2004). Langman’s Medical Embryology. 9th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. pp. 433-474.
    16. Singh, Y. et al. (1979). Indian J. Anim. Sci., 49 : 925-931.
    17. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1985). Statistical Methods. 7th ed. The Iowa State University Press, USA. pp. 313
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