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Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika

Organic and Natural Farming- A Critical Review of Challenges and Prospects

DOI: 10.18805/BKAP569    | Article Id: BKAP569 | Page : 295-305
Citation :- Organic and Natural Farming- A Critical Review of Challenges and Prospects.Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika.2022.(37):295-305
Manjinder Singh, Rajesh K. Rana, Sarang Monga, Rajbir Singh Rajesh.rana@icar.gov.in
Address : ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.
Submitted Date : 8-08-2022
Accepted Date : 2-11-2022
First Online:

Abstract

Agriculture was, by default, organic throughout the world before the technique of manufacturing synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer was discovered in 1903. However, availability of agro-chemicals became very common after the Second World War and the agriculture started becoming more and more chemical based. Synthetic fertilizers were introduced in India during 1965-66 and their use grew rapidly along with the high yielding varieties during the green revolution period and Indian farming, by and large, became chemical based. However, by the end of the twentieth century the ill-effects of such chemical-based farming were very well understood by the common Indian people and demand for organically produced food started growing. Different methods and procedures of growing organic food got popularity among the growers, however, a sense of confusion on package of practices on organic/natural farming kept on growing simultaneously. This review article was designed to make various concepts related to organic/natural farming crystal clear for the readers. Principals of organic farming, crop cultivation strategies in organic/natural farming, challenges in organic/ natural farming and possibilities and suggestions in organic/natural farming have been elaborately articulated in this review.

Keywords

Government supports Integrated nutrient management Integrated pest management Natural farming vs. organic farming Principles of organic farming

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