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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 39 issue 3 (september 2019) : 195-199,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.D-155

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Yield and Yield Components as Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Rwanda

A
Adrien Turamyenyirijuru
G
Guillaume Nyagatare
R
Robert Morwani Gesimba
R
Rhoda Jerop Birech
1<div>Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture and Food&nbsp;Sciences, College of Agriculture, Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda; P.O. Box 210 Musanze/Rwanda.</div>
Cite article:- Turamyenyirijuru Adrien, Nyagatare Guillaume, Gesimba Morwani Robert, Birech Jerop Rhoda (2019). Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Yield and YieldComponents as Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium in Rwanda. Agricultural Science Digest. 39(3): 195-199. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-155.

ABSTRACT

Despite potato yield potential, its intensification level remain low in Rwanda, translating into low yield occasioned mainly by the decline in soil fertility. Field experiments were conducted in Birunga, Mudende [L1]) and Buberuka, Rwerere [L2] highlands Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs), during September- December 2016 and March-June 2017 crop growing seasons to determine the effects of varying rates of N, P and K on potato tuber yield and yield components. The experiments were laid out using randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement, with four replicates. Factors were N rates (NX) i.e  N1-0 kg ha-1, N2 – 50 kg ha-1, N3 – 100 kg ha-1 ; P2O5 rates (PX) i.e P1-0 kg ha-1, P2 – 50 kg ha-1, P3 – 100 kg ha-1and K2O rates (Kx) i.e K1- 0 kg ha1and K2- 50 kg ha-1. Number of tubers per plant, fresh tuber weight, small tuber yield, medium tuber yield, large tuber yield and total tuber yield were measured. Analysis of variance, performed using SAS-version 9.2, revealed that interaction effects of N×P×K were very highly significant on all parameters. Generally, N3×P3×K2 performed better than other treatments and recorded highest tuber yields in all situations: (32.73 ± 0.43) t ha-1[L1] and (29.36 ± 0.41) t ha-1 [L2] and (31.05 ± 0.52) t ha-1for pooled ANOVA. Contrarily to what happened at L2, N3P3K2 andN2P3K2 were not significantly different at L1. N2P3 K2 is recommended to L1 whereas N3P3K2 is recommended to L2.

REFERENCES

  1. Birasa, E., Bizimana, I., Bouckaert, W., Deflandre, A., Chapelle, J., Gallez, A., Vercruysse, J. (1990). Carte Pédologique du Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: MINAGRI.
  2. Burera District. (2013). District development plan (2013-2018). Kigali, Rwanda: MINALOC.
  3. Daniel, Z. Z, Sewa, L., Tesfai, T. K. and Biniam, M. G. (2016). Effect of Potassium Levels on Growth and Productivity of Potato Varieties. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7(1): 1629–1638.
  4. Geremew, E. B., Steyn, J. M., & Annandale, J. G. (2007). Evaluation of growth performance and dry matter partitioning of four processing potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. New Zealand Journal of Crops and Horticultural Science, 35(3): 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140670709510204
  5. IFDC. (2009). An action for developing agricultural inputs markets in Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: MINAGRI.
  6. Jenkins, P.D. and Mahmood, S. (2003). Dry matter productionand partitioning in potato plants subjected to combined deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Annals of Applied Biology, 143(2): 215–229.
  7. Kumari, S. (2012). Influence of drip irrigation and mulch on leaf area maximization, water use efficiency and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(1): 71–80.
  8. Mehlich, A. (1984). Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 15, 1409–1416.
  9. MINAGRI. (2004). Strategic Plan for Agriculture Transformation in Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
  10. MINAGRI. (2011). Strategies for sustainable crop intensification in Rwanda-Shifting focus from producing enough to producing surplus. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
  11. MINECOFIN. (2012). Rwanda vision 2020 revised. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
  12. MINIRENA. (2004). National Land Policy. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
  13. Muhammad, N., Zahid, H., Rahmdil and Niaz, A. (2015). Effect of different doses of NPK fertilizers on the growth and tuber yield of potato. Life Sciences International Journal: 9, 3098–3105.
  14. Nava, G., Roque, D. ., & Lucia, I. . (2007). Effect of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the potato tuber yield. Horticultura Brasileira, 25(3): 365–370.
  15. Okalebo, J.R., Gathua, K.W. and Woomer, P. L. (2002). Laboratory Methods of Soil and Plant Analysis: A Working Manual (2nd ed.). Nairobi, Kenya: Moi University.
  16. Ram, C. A. (2009). Effect of NPK on Vegetative Growth and Yield of Desiree and Kufri Sindhuri Potato . Nepal Agriculture Research Journal, 9: 67–75.
  17. Rubavu district. (2013). District Development Plan (2013-2018). Kigali, Rwanda: MINALOC.
  18. Rukundo, P., Ndacyayisenga, T., Ntizo, S., Kirimi, S. and Nshimiyima, J. C. (2019). Yield and yield components of CIP advanced potato clones under Rwandan agro-ecologies. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 136: 13909-13920.
  19. SAS Institute Inc. (2008). SAS/STAT® 9.2 User’s Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
  20. Zelalem, A., Tekalign, T., & Nigussie, D. (2009). Response of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L . ) to different rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on vertisols at Debre Berhan , in the central highlands of Ethiopia. African Journal of Plant Science, 3: 16–24.
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    Research Article

    volume 39 issue 3 (september 2019) : 195-199,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.D-155

    Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Yield and Yield Components as Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Rwanda

    A
    Adrien Turamyenyirijuru
    G
    Guillaume Nyagatare
    R
    Robert Morwani Gesimba
    R
    Rhoda Jerop Birech
    1<div>Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture and Food&nbsp;Sciences, College of Agriculture, Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda; P.O. Box 210 Musanze/Rwanda.</div>
    Cite article:- Turamyenyirijuru Adrien, Nyagatare Guillaume, Gesimba Morwani Robert, Birech Jerop Rhoda (2019). Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Yield and YieldComponents as Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium in Rwanda. Agricultural Science Digest. 39(3): 195-199. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-155.

    ABSTRACT

    Despite potato yield potential, its intensification level remain low in Rwanda, translating into low yield occasioned mainly by the decline in soil fertility. Field experiments were conducted in Birunga, Mudende [L1]) and Buberuka, Rwerere [L2] highlands Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs), during September- December 2016 and March-June 2017 crop growing seasons to determine the effects of varying rates of N, P and K on potato tuber yield and yield components. The experiments were laid out using randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement, with four replicates. Factors were N rates (NX) i.e  N1-0 kg ha-1, N2 – 50 kg ha-1, N3 – 100 kg ha-1 ; P2O5 rates (PX) i.e P1-0 kg ha-1, P2 – 50 kg ha-1, P3 – 100 kg ha-1and K2O rates (Kx) i.e K1- 0 kg ha1and K2- 50 kg ha-1. Number of tubers per plant, fresh tuber weight, small tuber yield, medium tuber yield, large tuber yield and total tuber yield were measured. Analysis of variance, performed using SAS-version 9.2, revealed that interaction effects of N×P×K were very highly significant on all parameters. Generally, N3×P3×K2 performed better than other treatments and recorded highest tuber yields in all situations: (32.73 ± 0.43) t ha-1[L1] and (29.36 ± 0.41) t ha-1 [L2] and (31.05 ± 0.52) t ha-1for pooled ANOVA. Contrarily to what happened at L2, N3P3K2 andN2P3K2 were not significantly different at L1. N2P3 K2 is recommended to L1 whereas N3P3K2 is recommended to L2.

    REFERENCES

    1. Birasa, E., Bizimana, I., Bouckaert, W., Deflandre, A., Chapelle, J., Gallez, A., Vercruysse, J. (1990). Carte Pédologique du Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: MINAGRI.
    2. Burera District. (2013). District development plan (2013-2018). Kigali, Rwanda: MINALOC.
    3. Daniel, Z. Z, Sewa, L., Tesfai, T. K. and Biniam, M. G. (2016). Effect of Potassium Levels on Growth and Productivity of Potato Varieties. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7(1): 1629–1638.
    4. Geremew, E. B., Steyn, J. M., & Annandale, J. G. (2007). Evaluation of growth performance and dry matter partitioning of four processing potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. New Zealand Journal of Crops and Horticultural Science, 35(3): 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140670709510204
    5. IFDC. (2009). An action for developing agricultural inputs markets in Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: MINAGRI.
    6. Jenkins, P.D. and Mahmood, S. (2003). Dry matter productionand partitioning in potato plants subjected to combined deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Annals of Applied Biology, 143(2): 215–229.
    7. Kumari, S. (2012). Influence of drip irrigation and mulch on leaf area maximization, water use efficiency and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(1): 71–80.
    8. Mehlich, A. (1984). Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 15, 1409–1416.
    9. MINAGRI. (2004). Strategic Plan for Agriculture Transformation in Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
    10. MINAGRI. (2011). Strategies for sustainable crop intensification in Rwanda-Shifting focus from producing enough to producing surplus. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
    11. MINECOFIN. (2012). Rwanda vision 2020 revised. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
    12. MINIRENA. (2004). National Land Policy. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.
    13. Muhammad, N., Zahid, H., Rahmdil and Niaz, A. (2015). Effect of different doses of NPK fertilizers on the growth and tuber yield of potato. Life Sciences International Journal: 9, 3098–3105.
    14. Nava, G., Roque, D. ., & Lucia, I. . (2007). Effect of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the potato tuber yield. Horticultura Brasileira, 25(3): 365–370.
    15. Okalebo, J.R., Gathua, K.W. and Woomer, P. L. (2002). Laboratory Methods of Soil and Plant Analysis: A Working Manual (2nd ed.). Nairobi, Kenya: Moi University.
    16. Ram, C. A. (2009). Effect of NPK on Vegetative Growth and Yield of Desiree and Kufri Sindhuri Potato . Nepal Agriculture Research Journal, 9: 67–75.
    17. Rubavu district. (2013). District Development Plan (2013-2018). Kigali, Rwanda: MINALOC.
    18. Rukundo, P., Ndacyayisenga, T., Ntizo, S., Kirimi, S. and Nshimiyima, J. C. (2019). Yield and yield components of CIP advanced potato clones under Rwandan agro-ecologies. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 136: 13909-13920.
    19. SAS Institute Inc. (2008). SAS/STAT® 9.2 User’s Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
    20. Zelalem, A., Tekalign, T., & Nigussie, D. (2009). Response of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L . ) to different rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on vertisols at Debre Berhan , in the central highlands of Ethiopia. African Journal of Plant Science, 3: 16–24.
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