REQUIREMENT OF FACILITATION SKILLS OF EXTENSION PERSONNEL UNDER ATMA

ABSTRACT

After analyzing the weaknesses of Training and Visit system, Government of India reformed the extension approach through introduction of Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA). It follows group approach of extension. Under this system, the role of extension personnel is changed from expert to facilitator. In this changing scenario, extension personnel must develop skills on facilitation. In this paper, attempt has been made to review why facilitation skills are necessary for extension personnel under ATMA.

KEYWORDS

REFERENCES

Anonymous1 (n.d.) Facilitator. Retrieved 18 June, (2007) from http://en.wikipedia.org/wki/Facilitator.
Anonymous2 (n.d.) Toolkit. The collaboration to adopt US kids. A Service of the Children's Bureau Adoption Exchange Association. Retrieved 3 May, (2007) from www.adoptuskids.org/images/ resourcescentre/ toolkit.pdf.
Beal, G.M.; Bohlen, J.M.; and Raudabaigh, J.N. (1963). Leadership and Dynamic Group Action. Iowa. Iowa State University Press.
Bens, I. (n.d.) Facilitation at a glance. Cited in Toolkit. Retrieved 8 Apr (2007) from www.adoptuskids.org.
Bonner Curriculum1 (n.d). Facilitation 201: An Intensive Intro to Techniques. Retrieved 24 May, (2007) from www.bonner.org/resources/modules/modules_pdf/ BonCurFacilitation 201.pdf.
Bonner Curriculum2 (n.d). Facilitation 202: More Techniques and Strategies. Retrieved 18 Feb, 2007 from http://www.bonner.org/resources/modules/ modules_pdf/BonCurFacilitation202.pdf.
Bokor, C. (2001) Community Readiness for Economic Development: Facilitating Group Processes. Retrieved 21 Apr, 2007 from http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/ english /rural/facts/01-039.htm
Cameron, E (2006) Facilitation Made Easy: Practical Tips to Improve Meetings and Workshops . 3rd ed. London. Kogan Page
DAC, (n.d.). Policy Framework for Agricultural Extension. Extension Division, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Government of India. Retrieved 03 Apr, 2007 from http://agricoop.nic.in/policy_framework.htm.
Full Circle Associates (n.d.).Facilitators Qualities and Skills. Retrieved 24 June, (2007) from http://www.fullcirc.com/ community/ facilitatorqualities.htm.
Geoff Ball et. al. (n.d.). Enabling people to work together to achieve powerful results. Retrieved 17 May, (2007) from http://www.geoffballfacilitator.com/basic/html.
Haiman, F. (1951). Group Leadership and Democratic Action. Houghton. Houghton Mifflin Co.
Hawkins, C. (n.d..) Facilitate This. Retrieved 13 May, (2007) from http://www.effectivemeeting.com/teams/difficult/hawkins.asp.
Heen , S and Stone, D . (2006) . The Facilitation Handbook. Retrieved 15 Mar.2007 from http://www.pon.harverd.edu.hnp/teaching/pedagogy/facilitationhandbook.shtml.
Heron, J. (1999). The Complete Facilitators Handbook. London, Kogan Page.
Hiemstra, R. and Sisco, B .(1990). Individualising Instruction. San Francisco Jossy- Bass Retrieved 13 May, 2007 from http://home.twcny.rr.com/hiemstra/pedtoand.html.
Kryabill, R. (nd). Facilitation Skill for Interpersonal Transformation. Retrieved 18 Mar.2007 from http:www//berghof-handbook.net.
Kumar, B and Kashyap, S.K. (2005). Management of Training - a Guide to Trainers. Pantnagar. NATP in Agril. Information and Communication, GBPUA&T., Pantnagar.
Kumar, B. and Hansara, B.S.(1999). Extension Education for Human Resource Development. New Delhi. Concept Publishing Company.
Knowles, M. (1984). The adult learner: A neglected species. Houston: Gulf Publishing.
Lawson,S.L. (1996). A Quick Reference Guide for Facilitators. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affiars. Ontario. Retrieved 3 May, (2007) from http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/ english/rural/ facts/95-073.htm.
Like Minded People, (nd). Art of Facilitation. Retrieved 22 May, (2007) from www.odos.uiuc.edu/GREEK/ resources?downloads/ artFacilitation.pdf.
Rees, F (1998) The Facilitator Excellence Handbook: Helping People Work Creatively and Productively Together. San Francisco.
Shingi, P.M.; Gaikwad, V.R.; Sulaiman,R.and Vasanthkumar, J. (2004) State of the Indian Farmer - a Millennium Study Vol. 6 Agricultural Extension. New Delhi. Academic Foundation and Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt of India.
Smith, M. K. (2002) 'Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education, self-direction and anadragogy', the encyclopedia of informal education. Retrieved 3 May, (2007) from www.infed.org/thinkers/et-knowl.htm.
Speck (1996). Cited in Adult Learning Theory. Retrieved 13 May, (2007) from http://www.ncrl.org/sdrs/pathwayg.htm
Thiagi Group (1999). Secrets of Successful Facilitator. Retrieved 22 May, (2007) from http://www.thiagi.com.articles-secrets.html.
Van den Ban, A.W. and Hawkins, H.S. (1998).Agricultural Extension. New Delhi. CBS Publishers and Distributors.
Vijayaraghavan, K. (2004). Reforming agricultural extension: needed shift and strategies. Asian J. Ext Edu. 23 (1): 89-103.

Disclaimer :

All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Copyright :

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

REQUIREMENT OF FACILITATION SKILLS OF EXTENSION PERSONNEL UNDER ATMA - A REVIEW

ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS

REFERENCES

Reviewed By

In this Article

APC

Publish With US

Become a Reviewer/Member

Open Access

Products and Services

Support and Policies

Editorial Board