Agricultural Reviews

  • Chief EditorPradeep K. Sharma

  • Print ISSN 0253-1496

  • Online ISSN 0976-0741

  • NAAS Rating 4.84

Frequency :
Quarterly (March, June, September & December)
Indexing Services :
AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Submit

Agricultural Reviews, volume 24 issue 4 (december 2003) : 250 - 264

FOLIAR FERTIUZATION IN CITRUS ~ A REVIEW

A.K. Srivastava, Shyam Singh
1National R~rch Centre for Ctrus, Amravati Road, Nagpur· 440 010, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Srivastava A.K., Singh Shyam (2024). FOLIAR FERTIUZATION IN CITRUS ~ A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 24(4): 250 - 264. doi: .

ABSTRACT

The history of foliar fertilization in citrus dates back to 1844. Since then it became possible to fulfill the nutritional requirement of citrus through foliar feeding. The efforts are still in vogue to adopt a number of permutation-combinations to improve the efficacy of foliar fertilization. Various plant and environmental factors account for success of foliar fertilization. The most significant breakthrough in the foliar N-fertilization was to postulate the role of elevated level of NH 3-NH 4 as a result of exogenous application of low - biuret urea and its conversion into various polyamines (Arginine as precursor to spermine). This has provided further insight into the importance of nitrogen metabolism in flowering, since alteration of “on” and “off” year is a common feature especially in mandarins. Foliar application of K preferably as KNO 3 has been found highly effective in reducing substantially the problem of creasing and puffing associated with citrus fruits. Foliar fertilization of micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B and Mo) using inorganic salts have gained more popularity over their chelated forms probably due to former having greater solubility, easy availability and cheaper cost. Use of suitable surfactant combined with selection of right growth stage with little atmospheric humidity can further ensure the better effectiveness of foliar fertilization using inorganic salts

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Albrigo, L.G. (1972). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Soc., 97: 761-763.
    2. A1brigo, L.G. (1977). Proc. 1st, Int Citrus Cong., p. 107.
    3. A1carez, C.F. etal (1986).J. PI. Nutr., 9: 1405-1413.
    4. Ali, A.G. and Lovatt, C.J. (1992). Citrog., 78(2): 7-9.
    5. . Ali, A.G. and Lovatt, C.J. (1994). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 119: 1144 - 1150.
    6. AI-Juburi, H.J. and AI-Mesry, H. (1991). BuD. FacuJtyAgric., Univ. CaIro., 42: 1707-1728.
    7. Alva, AK and Tucker, D.P.H. (1992). Proc. Ra. State Hort Soc., 105: 70-74.
    8. Anand, 5.5. eta/. (1969)./ndianJ. Agrtc. Sci, 39: 841-847.
    9. Arens, K. (1934). Jb. Wiss. Bot., 80: 248-300.
    10. Arora, RK. and Yamclagni, R. (1986). HA UJ. Res., 16: 233-239.
    11. Avery, D.J. (1997). New Phytol, 78: 55-63.
    12. Bacha, MAA. (1975)./ndianJ. Agrtc. Sci, 45:189-193.
    13. Badawi, A.M. et a/. (1979). Res. BuD. Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University No. 1107, Cairo, Egpyt, pp 16.
    14. Baku, RS. (1989). APAUJ. Res., 17: 83-86.
    15. Bar Akiva, A. (1965). Phyton., 22: 131-136.
    16. Barinov, G.V. and Ratner, E.1. (1957). FJZiol Rast., 6: 333-340.
    17. Batru, RS.H. eta/. (1984). HaryanaJ. Hort. Sci, 11: 59-65.
    18. Beutel, J.A. (1962). Calif. Citrog., 47: 160-162.
    19. Blandel, A.M. and Blanc, D. (1975). AnnalesAgronomiques, 26(3): 277-287.
    20. Bohrn, J. (1877). Landwirtschaftl. Versuchs-Station, Nobbe.
    21. Boynton, D. (1954). Ann. Rev. PI. Physiol, 5: 31-54.
    22. Brusca, J.N. and Haas, A.RC. (1956). Calif. Citrog., 41: 158-159.
    23. Bukovac, M.J. et a/. (1981). Scanning Bectron Micros., 3: 213-223.
    24. Bukovac, M.J. and Witter, S.H. (1957). PI. Physiol, 32: 428-35.
    25. Carpena, O. et a/. (1968). Mem. Gen. U. Colog. Eur rnedit. Centro Fert. Plant. Cult. Serville (Spanish). pp. 531-545.
    26. Carrasco, J.M. eta/. (1969). Rer agroquim. Techno/. ADment, 9: 554-563.
    27. Carvalho, SA De. (1994). Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira., 29(1): 87-90.
    28. Charnel, A. and Garnbonnet, B. (1982). J. PI. Nutr., 5: 153-171.
    29. Chiu, T.S. and Chang, 5.5. (1986). Soils and Fertilizers in Taiwan, pp. 33-44.
    30. Daulta, B.S. et a/. (1986). Haryana J. Hort. Sci., 15(1/2): 14-17.
    31. Desai, U.T. etal (1991). MaharashtraJ. Hort., 5(2): 29-31.
    32. Devi, D.D. eta/. (1996). J. Hort., 24{1/2): 66-68
    33. 262 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
    34. Dhingra, D.R. etal. (1966). Punjab Hort. .I., 6(1-4): 83-87.
    35. Dixit, C.K. eta/. (1977). .I. Hort. Sci, 6(3/4): 153-154.
    36. Dixit. C.K. et a/. (1978). Prog Hort.. 10(1): 13-19.
    37. Dixit. C.K. eta/. (1979). Haryana .I. Hort. Sci., 8: 1-3.
    38. Dube, S.D. and Saxena, H.K.(1971). PunjabHort. .1.,11(3/4): 246-250.
    39. Dutt. Scm and Bhambhota, J.R. (1967). Indian .I. Hort., 24: 50-59.
    40. El-Gazzar, A.M. eta/. (1979). Alexandria .I. Agric. Res., 27: 19-26.
    41. Embleton, T.W. and Jones, W.w. (1956), Calif Citrog., 41: 377-379.
    42. Embleton, T.W et al. (1964). Better Crops with Plant Food, 48(4): 2-5.
    43. Embleton, T.W. etal. (1965). Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 86: 253-259.
    44. Embleton, T.W eta/. (1966). Hort. Science, 1(3 & 4),92.
    45. Embleton, T. W etal. (1972). Citrog., 57: 227~228, 230-231.
    46. Embleton, T.W eta/. (1973a). .I. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci, 98: 281-285.
    47. Embleton, T.W eta/. (1973b). The Citrus Industry RevEd. Vol. 3, Div. Agri. Sci., Berkeley, Calif. USA, Vol. I, pp.
    48. 183-210.
    49. Embleton, T.W eta/. (1986). AppDedAgric. Res.. Vol 1 (1): 57M.
    50. Engel, H. (1939). Jb. Wiss. Bot, 88:816.
    51. Erner. Y. etal. (1993). Aqta. Hort., 323: 112 -119.
    52. Feinerman, T. and Voet, H. (1995). Eur. Rev. Agri. Econ.. 22(1): 103-118
    53. Fernandez-Lopez, J.A. eta/. (1993). .I. PI. Nutr., 16(8): 1395-1407.
    54. fishIer, M. et al. (1983). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.,108: 218-221.
    55. Franke. W (1967). Ann. Rev. PI. Physio/., 18:281-300.
    56. Franke, W (1969). Am. .I. Bot., 56: 432-436.
    57. Franke, W (1971a). Residue Rev., 38: 81-115.
    58. Franke, W (1971b). Bot. Ges., 84: 533-537.
    59. Franke, W (1986). In: Foliar Fertilization (Alexander, A. ed.), Martinus Nijshoff Publishers.
    60. Fridovich, I. (1986). Arch. BiochemicalBiophys., 247: 1-11.
    61. Gallasch, PT. eta/. (1984). Proc.lnt. Soc. Citriculture, Vol. 2, pp. 140-142.
    62. Garcia Alvarez eta/. (1986). CentroAgricola., 13(1): 24-32.
    63. Geiger, D.R (1976). Can. .I. Bot., 54: 2337-2345.
    64. Goldschmidt. E.E. and Golomb, A. (1982). .I. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 107(2): 206-208.
    65. Gupta, a.p. etal. (1989). Curro Sci, 58(8): 456-457.
    66. Guy. C.L. eta/. (1981) . .J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.. 106: 433-437.
    67. Haribabu, RS. and Rajput, C.B.S. (1982). Punjab Hort. .I., XXIJ(3&4): 140-144.
    68. Harold, A. (1980). NewPhyto/., 86: 181-188.
    69. Hassan. A.K. (1995). Ann. Agri. Sc. Moshtohor., 33(4): 1497-1506.
    70. Hernandez, J. (1988). Cultivos Tropicales, 10(2): 92-94.
    71. Hiltner, L. (1909). Prakt. Blatter Pllanzenbau und Pflanzenschutz.. 7: 17-29,65.
    72. Hiltner, L. (1912). Prakt. BlatterPOanzenbau und Pflanzenschutz., 10: 6.
    73. Huang, S.H. and Wang, Q.Y. (1991). China Citrus, 20(3): 9-11.
    74. Ichiki, K (1985). Extn. Bul/., 228, ASPAC Food and Fert. Tech. Centre, Japan, p. 17.
    75. Johnson, M.a. (1916). BuD., 51, Agr. Expt. Sta. Press, Hawaii, USA.
    76. Jones, WW and Embleton, 1.W (1969). Proc. 1st Int. CitrusSymp., Vol. 3, pp. 1669-1771.
    77. Jones, W.w. et a/. (1970). .I. Am Soc. Hort. Sci., 95: 380-381.
    78. Jorgensen, KR and Price, G.H. (1978). Proc. Int. Soc. Citriculture, Vol. I, pp. 297-99.
    79. Kanwar, J.S. and Dhingra, D.R (1962). Indian .I. Agric. Sci., 32: 309-314.
    80. Kato,1. (1986). Hort. Reviews, 8: 181-216.
    81. Khanna. S.S. eta/. (1969). Indian .I. Agric. Sci, 39: 830-840.
    82. Kim, Youngyong and Ko, Kwangchool (1997). .I. Korean Soc. Hort. Sci, 38(3): 227-233.
    83. Kohli, RR eta/. (1993). .I. Pot. Res., 12(1): 70-74
    84. Kohli, R.R. eta/. (1998). Indian Hort., 43(1): 12-15
    85. Kohli, RR and Srivastava, A.K. (1997). Agric. Rev., 18(2): 128-138.
    86. Koo, RC.J. (1984). Bul/., 5360. Agricultural Research and Education Centre, Lake Alfred, USA. pp. 1-30.
    87. Koontz, H. and Biddulph, a. (1957). PI. Physiol., 32: 463-470.
    88. Koto, M. and Takeshita, S. (1957). BuD. Kanagawa Agric. Expt. Stat. Hort. Branch No.5. pp. 13-22.
    89. Kotur, S.C. (1982). Curr.Res., 12: 126-127.
    90. Vol. 24, No.4, 2003
    91. Labanauskas, C.K. (1962). Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 80:26(}273.
    92. Labanauskas. CW. etal (1972). Citrog.. 57(11): 405, 408-411.
    93. Labanauskas, C.K. etal (1969). Proc.lst/nt. CitnJsSymp., Riverside, 3: 1535-1542.
    94. Lavon, R.et al (1995). Alon Hanotea 49(4): 172 - 176.
    95. Lenz. F. and Kuntzel, U. (1974). GartenbauWissenchaft, 39: 99-101.
    96. Leonard, CD. (1952). Citrus fruit. Farm Chemica/,. p.130.
    97. Lovatt, C.J. etal (1988)./sraelJ. 8ot., 37: 181-188.
    98. Lovatt, C.J. etal (1992). Proc.lnt. Soc. Citriculturepp. 412-416.
    99. Majorana, G. (1960). Teen Agric.• 12: 645-661.
    100. Maksoud, MA and Khalil, K.w. (1995). Ann. Agric. Sci., (Cairol40(2): 769.
    101. Malakondaiah, N. and Rajewararao. G. (1979l.,q. SoJ/., 52: 41-48.
    102. Manchcmda. H.R.(1974). lndianJ. Hort., 31(1): 34~37.
    103. Manchanda,.H.R. eial (1971)./ndianJ. Hort., 28(2): 100-107.
    104. Manchanda, H.R. etal (1972).lndianJ. Hort., 29(1): 19-29.
    105. Mann, M.S. and Sidhu, B.S. (1983). Punjab Hort. J., 23{l/2): 17-20.
    106. Mann, M.S. and Takkar. P.N. (1983a). Sci. Hort., 20: 259-265.
    107. Mann, M.S. and Takkar, P.N. (1983b). Sci. Hort., 18: 263-268.
    108. Mariotte, E. (1676). Essais de Physique: De la vegetation des Plantes. Paris.
    109. Marisot, A. et al (1990). Froits(Paris) 45(6): 609-614.
    110. Miller. J.E. et al (1993). J. South. African Soc. Hort. Sci., 3(1): 20-23.
    111. Monselise, S.P; (1985).ln: CRC HandbookofRowering(Halevy, A.H. ed.) Vol. 2, pp. 275-294.
    112. Monselise, S.P. and Lenz, F. (1980). GartenbauWissenchaft, 45: 188-191.
    113. Mooney, PA and Richardson, A.C. (1992). Proc. V1fth Int. CitnJs Congo
    114. Moss, G.l. and Higgins, M.L. (1978). Proc. Int Soc. Cltri., pp. 30(}302.
    115. Nair, P.C.S. and Mukherjee, S.K. (1970).lndianJ. Agric. Sci., 40: 461-469.
    116. Nanaya, K.A. et al (1985). Prog. Hort.. 17(4): 309-314.
    117. Ohgaki, C. etal (1963a). J. Jap. Soc. Hort. Sci., 32: 157-167.
    118. Ohgaki, C. etal (1963b). J. Hort. Assn. Japan, 32: 13-19.
    119. Oslund, C.R. and Davenport, T.L. (1987). Hort. Sci., 22: 498-50L
    120. Page, A.L. et al (1969). Proc. 1st Int. CitnJs Symp., Vol. 3, pp. 1605-1612.
    121. Page, A. L. etal (1963),Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 82: 165-71.
    122. Patel, B.M. and Patel, H.C. (1985). South Indian Hort., 33(1): 50-52.
    123. Plessis, S.F. Du and Koen, T.J. (1984). Proc. Int. Soc. Citriculture. Vol. 1, pp. 148-150.
    124. Plessis, S.F. Du. (1977). Proc.lnt. Soc. CitrJculture, Vol 1, pp. 15-19.
    125. Primo, E. etal. (1970). J. Sci. FoIAgric.. 22, No. 0060.
    126. Qin, X. et al (1996). J. Southwest Agril Un/v., 18(1): 2(}23.
    127. Rabe, E. (1990). J. Hort. Sci., 65(3): 231-243.
    128. Rabe, E. and Lovatt, C.J. (1984). PI Physiol., 76: 747·752.
    129. Rabe, E. and Lovatt, C.J. (1986a). ,q. Physiol, 81: 774-779.
    130. Rabe, E. and Lovatt, C.J. (1986b). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 111: 922-926.
    131. Rabe, E. and Walt, H.P. Vander (1993). Citrus J., 3(3): 23-24.
    132. Rabeh. M.R.M. and Sweelam, M.E. (1990). IndianJ. Agric. Sci.. 60(1): 52-55.
    133. Rai, R.M. and Tewari, J.D. (1988). Prog. Hort., 20(1-2): 124-127.
    134. Rai, R.M. etal (1988). Prog. Hort., 20: 123-135.
    135. Rawash, M.A. etal (1983). AnnalsAgric..Sci. Ain Shams Univ., 28(2): 1021-1031.
    136. Razeto, M.B. etal (1988). Agric. TenJca., 48(4): 347-352.
    137. Rodriguez, VA etal (1994). HorticulturaArgentina, 13{34/35): 61-65.
    138. Russo,F. and Racili, G. (1954). Ann. Spre. Agrar., 9: 871-881.
    139. Sautoy, N. Du. (1992). Proc.lnt. Soc. Cilriculture, Vol. 2, pp. 547-550.
    140. Schaffer, A.A. etal (1986). J. PI. Physiol, 124: 111-121.
    141. Scuderi, A. etal (1984). Proc./nt. Soc. Citriculture, Vol. I, pp. 143-147.
    142. Sharma, KK (1990). Haryana J. Hort Sci., 19(3-4): 232-236.
    143. Sharma, B.B. etal (1974). IndianJ. Hort., 31(1): 38-44.
    144. Sharma, KK etal (1990). IndianJ. Agric. Sci., 60: 278-280.
    145. Sharma, Y.M. etal (1999a). Ann. Agric. Res., 20: 64-68.
    146. Sharma, Y.M. etal (1999b). IndianJ. Agri. Sci., 69: 236-238.
    147. 263
    148. .264 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
    149. Singh, A.R. eta/. (1989). HaryanaJ. Hort. Sci., 18: 46-50.
    150. Singh, B., Rethy, P. and Prasad, A. (1990). Prog. Hort., 22: 216-219.
    151. Singh, B.P. and Singh, D. (1976). Bangladesh Hort., 4: 29-31.
    152. Singh, M.I. and Chohan, G.S. (1982). PunjabHort. J., 22: 52-59.
    153. Singh, Ranvir and Misra, KK (1980). Punjab. Hort. J., 20: 143-148.
    154. Singh, S.B. and Misra, R.S. (1986). Prog. Hort., 18: 260-264.
    155. Smith, P.E and Reuther, W. (1950). Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci, 55: 61-72.
    156. Smith, TA (1985). Ann. Rev. PI. Physiol., 36: 117-143.
    157. Srivastava, AK and Kohli, R.R. (1997a). Agri Rev., 18: 134-146.
    158. Srivastava, AK and Singh Shyam (2001a). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci, 49: 226-229.
    159. Srivastava, AK and Singh, Shyam (1999)./nt. Symp. Citriculture, Nagpur, November 23-27, 1999, Abst. pp. 40.
    160. Srivastava, A.K et a/. (1997a). Nat. Symp. CitricuIture, National Research Centre for Citrus, Nagpur, November 17-
    161. 19, 1997, Abst., pp. 23-24.
    162. Srivastava, AK et a/. (1997b). Trop. Agri. rrrinidad), 75: 1-12.
    163. Srivastava, AK et a/. (1995). Indian J. Hort., 52: 234-238.
    164. Srivastava, AK eta/. (1994)./ndianJ. Hort., 51: 32-36.
    165. Srivastava, A.K et a/. (2000). Commun. Soil Sci andPI. AnaI., 42(3&4): 585-599.
    166. Srivastava, AK and Singh, Shyam (2001b). Trop. Agri., rrrinldad) 78(1): 1-8.
    167. Srivastava, AK and Singh, Shyam (1997). Ann. Rep. NRC for Citrus, Nagpur, Maharashtra (India), pp. 81.
    168. Srivastava, AK et a/. (1998). Nat Sem Developmentsin SoilScience- 1998, 63nt Ann. Conv. Indian Soc. Soil Sci.,
    169. Haryana Agri. Univ., Haryana, India Nov. 16-19, 1998, Abst. p.95.
    170. Subramanian, CK (1960). South Indian Hort., 8(3/4): 20-23.
    171. Swietlik, D. eta/. (1982). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci, 107: 563-567.
    172. Teubner, EG. eta/. (1957). Quar: BuU., 39, pp. 398-415.
    173. Tukey, H.B. Jr. (1966). Proc. 13h Inst. Hort. Congr: London, UK, pp. 297-306.
    174. Tukey, H.B. eta/. (1961). J. Agric. Food. Chern., 9: 106-113.
    175. Wallace, A. (1990). J. PI. Nutri., 13(34): 357-365.
    176. Wang, Gui Chang (1999). South China Otrus, 28(2): 9-10.
    177. Yelenosky, G. and Guy, C.1. (1977). Bot Gaz., 138: 13-17.
    178. Zude, M. eta/. (1999). GesundePlJanzen., 51(4): 125-129.
    Reviewed By

    Download Article
    In this Article
      Contact us
      Follow us

      Editorial Board

      View all (0)