In this present study focused on delineation of agricultural regions based on their different kind of components such as demark the crop wise net sown are, crop combination and crop concentration regions, crop diversification regions.
Taluk-wise analysis of net sown area in Chamarajanagar district 2016-17
In the present analysis in the period 2016-17 Food Grains has been occupied large share of net sown area in all the four taluks of the study region. Taluk wise share of net sown area are as follows:
Chamarajanagara taluk
Food grains are occupied large share of net sown area among the taluk that is 41.86 per cent followed by pulses-23.48 per cent, jowar-10.38 per cent, fruits-4.64 per cent, maize-4.51 per cent, vegetables-4.16 per cent, oilseed-3.88 per cent, sugarcane-3.09 per cent, ragi-1.78 per cent, paddy -1.70 per cent and cotton-0.50 per cent. This shown in Table 1.
Gundlupet taluk
In this taluk food grains has occupied 28.33 percentage of net sown area and it is stand in first position among the crops. Oilseed has occupied second position with per cent of 21.66 followed by pulses (15.12 per cent), jowar (11.34 per cent), cotton (10.12 per cent), vegetables (8.23 per cent), ragi (1.01 per cent), maize (0.85 per cent), cotton (0.09 per cent) and paddy (0 per cent).
Kollegala taluk
In Kollegalataluk among the eleven crops food grains are the main dominant crop because it has large share of net sown area
i.
e., 45.38%. Other than this crop maize has second share of net sown area with 22.73 per cent. Pulses have 10.85%, ragi has 6.17%, paddy has 5.53 per cent, vegetable has 2.66%, Cotton has 1.91%, oilseed has 1.63% and jowar has 0.01 per cent of net sown area.
Yalandur taluk
In Yalandurtaluk also food grains (40.91%) are stands in first position among the crops, followed by paddy (16.43%), pulses (15.74%), sugarcane (12.07%), maize (6.21%), fruits (4.45%), ragi (2.53%), vegetables (1.60%) and oilseed (0.05%). This shown in Chart 1.
Taluk-wise analysis of crop combination regions 2016-17
Crop combination is a dynamic concept
(Weaver, 1954) the study of crop combination regions is an important aspect because it provides the good basic information
(Singh and Dhillon 1984) of the agricultural regionalization. It is a scientific device to study the existing spatial relationship of crops in association with each other in agricultural geography. Weaver’s Minimum Deviation
(Hussain 1996) method has applied for delineate the crop combination regions. He was the first geographer who was used statistical technique to show the crop combination in the field of agricultural geography. In this method Weavers has been used Standard Deviation and their percentage of net sown area. All these are explained below:
Standard deviation Where,
d = is the differences between the actual crop percentage and the appropriate percentage in the theoretical curve.
n = no. of crop in a given combination.
According to weaver’s method in Chamarajanagara food grains is the main dominant crop. Based on the minimum deviation method different combination of crops has been identified in all the taluks of the study region. Such as eleven crops combination has been found in Chamarajanagara taluk, six crop combinations has been identified in two taluks they are Gundlupet and Kollegala taluk, five crop combination crops were grown in Yalandur taluk. Among the taluks eleven crops is the highest crop combination in the study region. In the study region there is monoculture found among the taluks and also not found of two, three, four, seven, eight, nine and ten crop combinations. Only they are grown five, six and eleven combinations of crops. Talukwise crop combinations shown in the Map 2 and Table 2.
Talukwise crop concentration in Chamarajanagara district 2016-17
“The variation in the density of any crop in an area or region at a given point of time” is known as crop concentration. Crop concentration
(Bhatia, 1965) is mainly depends on its terrain, temperature, moisture and other climatic conditions. The study of crop concentration is helps to analyze the distribution of crops of a region, there are many geographers were used techniques to delineate the crop concentration regions. S S Bhatia’s Location Quotient method is adapted to our study of crop concentration. This expressed as follows:
According to Batia’s Location Quotient value crop concentration regions has been classified into three categories they are:
• High Concentration- 0-0.5.
• Medium Concentration -0.6-1.1.
• Low Concentration - >1.1.
Taluk wise pattern of crop concentration of Chamarajanagara district are as follow
The spatial variations in the degree of crop concentration
(Samundeeswari and Srinivasan 2018) area are found to be the result of the different interaction
(Pradeep Kumar, 2015) such as physiographic, climatic, hydrological, socio-economic and technological factors
(Ramesh Chand and Raju, 2009) in organizational of an area. Pattern of crop concentration is shown in Table 3 and taluk wise crop concentration of the study region is follows below:
Chamarajanagara taluk
In this taluk jowar, ragi, pulses, food grains, sugarcane and fruits are highly concentrate, paddy, vegetables has medium concentration and maize, oil seed, cotton has low concentration 2016-17.
Gundlupet taluk
Jowar, ragi, fruits, vegetables and cotton crops are the highly concentrate in this taluk. Pulses, food grains, oil seed has medium concentration, paddy, sugarcane, maize has less concentration.
Kollegala taluk
In this taluk highly concentrate crops are paddy, ragi, oil seed and maize, medium concentrated crops are pulses, food grains, fruits, vegetables, less concentrated crops are jowar, sugarcane, cotton.
Yalandur taluk
Paddy, ragi, food grains, sugarcane, oil seed, fruits are highly concentrated, pulses, maize are medium level concentrated, Jowar, vegetables, cotton crops has less concentrated in this taluk.
Taluk wise analysis of crop diversification 2016-17
Crop diversification is opposite to crop specialization
(Chand and Chauhan 2002). Diversification is varies from region to region along with time period. Diversified crops were influenced
(Ali, 2005,
Singh and Singh 2013) by the soil types, amount of rainfall, availability of irrigation facilities and accessibility of the arable land and using of technology
(Dassand Mili, 2012) by the farmers and also depend on the geo-climatic and socio-economic conditions. Higher the level of technology
(Thorat, 2007) there is lesser the degree of diversification.
Gibbs and Martin Index of crop diversification
(Datta, 2012,
Shyani and Pandya 1998,
Vyas, 1996 and
Das and Mill 2012) have been adapted to our study to show the degree of crop diversification in each taluk of the district. Index of crop diversification
(Chand and Chauan 2002) formula as show below:
Where,
x = Percentage of the total cropped area occupied by each crop or Hectare under individual crop.
Based on diversification value diversified regions
(Choudhury et al., 2013) has been classified into three categories to show the degree of crop diversification on map.
They are as follows:
• High Level of Diversification
• Medium Level of Diversification
• Low Level of Diversification
In the year 2016-17 High level of crop diversity was found in Gundlupet taluk, Medium level of crop diversity of crops found in two taluks namely Chamarajanagara and Yelandur taluk. Low level of crop diversity was noticed in Kollegal taluk.it is depicted on Map 3,4 and Table 4.
