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Agricultural Reviews

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Reviewer Article

Agricultural Reviews, volume 41 issue 3 (september 2020) : 227-237

Flavonoids: Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Mechanism of Antioxidation and Clinical Implications: A Review

Shashank Garg
1Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144 011, Punjab, India.
Cite article:- Garg Shashank (2020). Flavonoids: Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Mechanism of Antioxidation and Clinical Implications: A Review. Agricultural Reviews. 41(3): 227-237. doi: 10.18805/ag.R-1922.

ABSTRACT

Flavonoids are the molecules derived from a core molecule flavan which are synthesized in plants and microbes by a complex process catalyzed by enzymes located in endoplasmic reticulum. These exist in human body in association with glycosides which can be absorbed in small intestine and are metabolized further in liver. This review consolidates the Biosynthesis of flavonoids in plant systems, its metabolism in human body, the role of different rings and groups on the antioxidant potential of flavonoids, the chemical mechanisms of its actions and finally clinical implications of these molecules against Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis and cancers.

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