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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Reviewer Article

volume 39 issue 3 (september 2018) : 251-254,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.R-1749

Probiotics conventional benefits and cautions in intake- A review 

G
G. Priya Sugandhi
1Department of Foods and Nutrition, The Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Wyra-507 165, Khammam, Telangana, India.
Cite article:- Sugandhi Priya G. (2018). Probiotics conventional benefits and cautions in intake- A review. Agricultural Reviews. 39(3): 251-254. doi: 10.18805/ag.R-1749.

ABSTRACT

Probiotics are friendly bacteria benefit the health which occur naturally in the digestive tract of human beings. Prebiotics, act as ‘food’ for these beneficial probiotic bacteria, promoting their activity. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are widely used probiotics which generally regarded as safe. They are adhesive to mucosal and epithelial surfaces and enhance immunity by preventing pathogen adhesion in the digestive system. Although infections with probiotics are very rare, few research studies have been reported in children and also in elderly suffering from diseases due to supplementation of few types of species which may be due to immunodeficiency and immunosuppression. The familiarity of probiotics is still uncertain in many and they doubt whether to consume or not. This review provides the information based on research studies and gives clarity on the intake of probiotics. However, caution need to be exercised in the selection of genus and strains of particular probiotics genera. 

REFERENCES

  1. Agerholm-Larsen L, Raben A, Haulrik N, et al. (2000). Effect of 8 week intake of probiotic milk products on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Nutr. 54:288-297.
  2. Allen, S. J., Martinez, E. G., Gregorio, G. V. and Dans, L. F. (2011). Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 129: 1516-3180.
  3. Amanda, P. (2013). Benefit of yoghurt. www.fitnessmagazine/cona/recipes/healthyeating/ nutritionalhealth.
  4. Andresen, V. and Baumgart, C. D. (2006). Role of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: Potential mechanisms and current clinical evidence. International Journal of Probiotics and Prebiotics, 1:11-18.
  5. Anuradha, S. and Rajeshwari, K. (2005). Probiotics in health and disease. Journal Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine, 6: 67-72.
  6. Arthur, C. O., Tiihonen, K., Saarinen, M., Putaala, H and Rautonen, N. (2009). Influence of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and lactitol on healthy elderly: intestinal and immune parameters. British Journal of Nutrition, 101: 367-375.
  7. Bezkorovainy, A. (2001). Probiotics: determinants of survival and growth in the gut. American journal of clinical Nutrition, 73: 399-405.
  8. Boyle, R.J., Robins-Browne, R.M. and L.K Tang. M. (2006). Probiotic use in clinical practice: what are the risks? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 83: 1256-64. 
  9. Chandra, R. K. (2004). Micronutrients, probiotics and the liver. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 19 (s7): S398-S400.
  10. De Vrese M, Winkler P, Rautenberg P, et al. (2005) Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri PA 16/8, Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/ 3, B. bifidum MF 20/5 on common cold episodes: A double blind, randomized, controlled trial. Clin Nutr.; 24:481-491.
  11. Donini, L. M., Savina, C. and Cannella, C. (2009). Nutrition in the elderly-the role of fiber. Archives of Gerontology (Geriatrics Supplement), 1: 61-69.
  12. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) (2007). Opinion of the scientific committee on introduction of a qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA. The EFSA Journal, 5:1–16.
  13. FAO/WHO (Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization Joint Report) (2001). Expert consultation on ‘Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotics in Food Including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria’, Corboda, Argentina. October 1-4, http://www.fao.org/3/a-a0512e.pdf.
  14. Finegold, S. M., Zhaoping, Li., Summanen, P.H., Downes, J., Thames, G., Corbett, K., Dowd, S., Krak, M. and Heber, D. (2014). Xylooligosaccharide increases Bifidobacteria but not Lactobacilli in human gut microbiota, The Royal Society of Chemistry. 5: 436–445.
  15. Gage, J. (2009). Understanding the role of probiotics in supporting digestive comfort. Nursing Standard, 24: 47-55.
  16. Gawronska A, Dziechciarz P. and Horvath A. et al. (2007). A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of Lactobacillus GG for abdominal pain disorders in children. Aliment Pharmacol Ther.25:177-84.
  17. Gibson, G. R., Scott, K. P., Rastall, R. A., Tuohy, K. M., Hotchkiss, A., Dubert-Ferrandon, A., et al. (2010). Dietary prebiotics: current status and new definition. Food Science and Technology Bulletin: Functional Foods, 7: 1-19.
  18. Gleeson, M., Bishop, N. C., Oliveira, M., McCauley, T., Tauler, P and Lawrence, C. (2012). Effects of a Lactobacillus salivarius probiotic intervention on infection, cold symptom duration and severity, and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22: 235 -242.
  19. Guyonnet, D., Chassany, O., Ducrotte, P., Picard, C., Mouret, M., Mercier, C. H. and Matuchansky, C. (2007). Effect of a fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 on the health-related quality of life and symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome in adults in primary care: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 26: 475-86.
  20. Hatakka K, Martio J, Korpela M, et al. (2003). Effects of probiotic therapy on the activity and activation of mild rheumatoid arthritis-    a pilot study. Scand J Rheumatol. 32: 211-215.
  21. Kunz A.N., Noel J.M,, Fairchok M.P. (2004). Two cases of Lactobacillus bacteremia during probiotic treatment of short gut syndrome. Journal of Pediatrics Gastroenterolology Nutrition, 38: 457– 8.
  22. Lamprecht, M., Simon, B., Schippinger, G., Steinbaver.K., Fankhauser, F., Hallstroem, S., Scheretz. B. and Greilberger, J. F. (2012). Probiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of International Society of Sports and Nutrition, 9: 45.
  23. Leuschner, R.G. K, Robinson, T. P, Hugas, M, Cocconcelli PS, Richard-Forget F, Klein G, et al. (2011). Corrigendum to Qualified presumption of safety (QPS): a generic risk assessment approach for biological agents notified to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Trends in Food Science and Technology 1: 51 - 52.
  24. Leyer, G. J., Shuguang Li., Mubasher, M.E., Reifer, C. and Ouwehand, A. C. (2009). Probiotic effects on cold and influenza-like symptom incidence and duration in children. Pediatrics. 124: e172-179.
  25. Mackay, A.D., Taylor M.B., Kibbler, C.C., Hamilton-Miller, J.M. (1999). Lactobacillus endocarditis caused by a probiotic organism. Clinical Microbiological Infection, 5: 290 -2.
  26. Martin, C.A. (2000). EU-funded project on the elderly. Nutrition and Food Science. 3: 279-282.
  27. Menard (2011) Antibacterial treatment of bacterial vaginosis: current and emerging therapies. Int J womens health. 3: 295-305.
  28. Oberoi, A., Aggarwal, A. and Singh, N. (2007). Probiotics in health – A bug for what is bugging You. Journal of Medical Education & Research, 9: 116-119.
  29. Parvez, S., Malik, K. A., Ah Kang, S. and Kim, H. Y. (2006). Probiotics and their fermented food products are beneficial for health. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 100: 1171-1185.
  30. Rachinel, F. H., Nancey, S., Boschetti, G., Sardi, F., Doucet-Ladeveze. R., Durand, P.Y., Flourie, B and Kaiserlian, D. (2009). CD4+ cells and Lactobacillus casei control relapsing Colitis mediated by CD8+ Tcells. The Journal of Immunology, 183: 5477-5486.
  31. Rautio, M., Jousimies-Somer, H., and Kauma H. (1999). Liver abscess due to a Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain indistinguishable from L. rhamnosus strain GG. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 28:1159-60. 
  32. Ray, S. and Vaidya, L. (2014). Role of functional probiotic food groups in enhancing CD4 cell profile of HIV infected population – A short systematic review. International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, 12: 14-20.
  33. Sugandhi, G. P. and Maheswari, U. K. (2016). Perception and effect of socio economic factors of indian elderly on synbiotic yoghurt. Journal of Probiotics and Health, 4: 140. doi:10.4172/2329-8901.1000140.
  34. Shi, L.H, Balakrishnan, K., Thiagarajah, K., Ismail, I. M. and Yin, O.S. (2016). Beneficial properties of probiotics. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 27: 73-90. 
  35. Tufts, (2003). Yet another reason to lose excess weight: improved immune function. Health and Nutrition Letter, 21: 1.
  36. Tubelius P, Stan V, and Zachrisson A, et al. (2005) Increasing work-place healthiness with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri: A randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Environ Health. 
  37. Volkert, D. (2005). Nutrition and lifestyle of the elderly in Europe. Journal of Public Health, 13: 56-61.
  38. Wardwell, L., Novakofski, C. K., Herrel, S. and Woods, J. (2008). Nutrient intake and immune function of elderly subjects. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 108: 2005-2012. 
  39. Weston, S., Halbert, A., Richmond, P and Prescott, S.L. (2005). Effects of probiotics on atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Disease in Childhood , 90: 892-897. 
  40. Weizman Z, Asli G, Alsheikh A, et al. (2005) Effect of a probiotic infant formula on infections in child care centers: comparison of two probiotic agents. Pediatrics.115:5-9. 
  41. Winkler P, de Vrese M, Laue C, et al. (2005) of a dietary supplement containing probiotic bacteria plus vitamins and minerals on common cold infections and cellular immune parameters. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 43:318-26.
  42. Ying-H, S., Bor-L, C., Ling-H, W., Chuh-K, L and Harsharnjit, S. G. (2001). Systematic immunity-enhancing effects in healthy subjects following dietary consumption of the lactic acid Bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN 001. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 20: 149–156.
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    Reviewer Article

    volume 39 issue 3 (september 2018) : 251-254,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.R-1749

    Probiotics conventional benefits and cautions in intake- A review 

    G
    G. Priya Sugandhi
    1Department of Foods and Nutrition, The Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Wyra-507 165, Khammam, Telangana, India.
    Cite article:- Sugandhi Priya G. (2018). Probiotics conventional benefits and cautions in intake- A review. Agricultural Reviews. 39(3): 251-254. doi: 10.18805/ag.R-1749.

    ABSTRACT

    Probiotics are friendly bacteria benefit the health which occur naturally in the digestive tract of human beings. Prebiotics, act as ‘food’ for these beneficial probiotic bacteria, promoting their activity. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are widely used probiotics which generally regarded as safe. They are adhesive to mucosal and epithelial surfaces and enhance immunity by preventing pathogen adhesion in the digestive system. Although infections with probiotics are very rare, few research studies have been reported in children and also in elderly suffering from diseases due to supplementation of few types of species which may be due to immunodeficiency and immunosuppression. The familiarity of probiotics is still uncertain in many and they doubt whether to consume or not. This review provides the information based on research studies and gives clarity on the intake of probiotics. However, caution need to be exercised in the selection of genus and strains of particular probiotics genera. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Agerholm-Larsen L, Raben A, Haulrik N, et al. (2000). Effect of 8 week intake of probiotic milk products on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Nutr. 54:288-297.
    2. Allen, S. J., Martinez, E. G., Gregorio, G. V. and Dans, L. F. (2011). Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 129: 1516-3180.
    3. Amanda, P. (2013). Benefit of yoghurt. www.fitnessmagazine/cona/recipes/healthyeating/ nutritionalhealth.
    4. Andresen, V. and Baumgart, C. D. (2006). Role of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: Potential mechanisms and current clinical evidence. International Journal of Probiotics and Prebiotics, 1:11-18.
    5. Anuradha, S. and Rajeshwari, K. (2005). Probiotics in health and disease. Journal Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine, 6: 67-72.
    6. Arthur, C. O., Tiihonen, K., Saarinen, M., Putaala, H and Rautonen, N. (2009). Influence of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and lactitol on healthy elderly: intestinal and immune parameters. British Journal of Nutrition, 101: 367-375.
    7. Bezkorovainy, A. (2001). Probiotics: determinants of survival and growth in the gut. American journal of clinical Nutrition, 73: 399-405.
    8. Boyle, R.J., Robins-Browne, R.M. and L.K Tang. M. (2006). Probiotic use in clinical practice: what are the risks? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 83: 1256-64. 
    9. Chandra, R. K. (2004). Micronutrients, probiotics and the liver. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 19 (s7): S398-S400.
    10. De Vrese M, Winkler P, Rautenberg P, et al. (2005) Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri PA 16/8, Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/ 3, B. bifidum MF 20/5 on common cold episodes: A double blind, randomized, controlled trial. Clin Nutr.; 24:481-491.
    11. Donini, L. M., Savina, C. and Cannella, C. (2009). Nutrition in the elderly-the role of fiber. Archives of Gerontology (Geriatrics Supplement), 1: 61-69.
    12. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) (2007). Opinion of the scientific committee on introduction of a qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA. The EFSA Journal, 5:1–16.
    13. FAO/WHO (Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization Joint Report) (2001). Expert consultation on ‘Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotics in Food Including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria’, Corboda, Argentina. October 1-4, http://www.fao.org/3/a-a0512e.pdf.
    14. Finegold, S. M., Zhaoping, Li., Summanen, P.H., Downes, J., Thames, G., Corbett, K., Dowd, S., Krak, M. and Heber, D. (2014). Xylooligosaccharide increases Bifidobacteria but not Lactobacilli in human gut microbiota, The Royal Society of Chemistry. 5: 436–445.
    15. Gage, J. (2009). Understanding the role of probiotics in supporting digestive comfort. Nursing Standard, 24: 47-55.
    16. Gawronska A, Dziechciarz P. and Horvath A. et al. (2007). A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of Lactobacillus GG for abdominal pain disorders in children. Aliment Pharmacol Ther.25:177-84.
    17. Gibson, G. R., Scott, K. P., Rastall, R. A., Tuohy, K. M., Hotchkiss, A., Dubert-Ferrandon, A., et al. (2010). Dietary prebiotics: current status and new definition. Food Science and Technology Bulletin: Functional Foods, 7: 1-19.
    18. Gleeson, M., Bishop, N. C., Oliveira, M., McCauley, T., Tauler, P and Lawrence, C. (2012). Effects of a Lactobacillus salivarius probiotic intervention on infection, cold symptom duration and severity, and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22: 235 -242.
    19. Guyonnet, D., Chassany, O., Ducrotte, P., Picard, C., Mouret, M., Mercier, C. H. and Matuchansky, C. (2007). Effect of a fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 on the health-related quality of life and symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome in adults in primary care: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 26: 475-86.
    20. Hatakka K, Martio J, Korpela M, et al. (2003). Effects of probiotic therapy on the activity and activation of mild rheumatoid arthritis-    a pilot study. Scand J Rheumatol. 32: 211-215.
    21. Kunz A.N., Noel J.M,, Fairchok M.P. (2004). Two cases of Lactobacillus bacteremia during probiotic treatment of short gut syndrome. Journal of Pediatrics Gastroenterolology Nutrition, 38: 457– 8.
    22. Lamprecht, M., Simon, B., Schippinger, G., Steinbaver.K., Fankhauser, F., Hallstroem, S., Scheretz. B. and Greilberger, J. F. (2012). Probiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of International Society of Sports and Nutrition, 9: 45.
    23. Leuschner, R.G. K, Robinson, T. P, Hugas, M, Cocconcelli PS, Richard-Forget F, Klein G, et al. (2011). Corrigendum to Qualified presumption of safety (QPS): a generic risk assessment approach for biological agents notified to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Trends in Food Science and Technology 1: 51 - 52.
    24. Leyer, G. J., Shuguang Li., Mubasher, M.E., Reifer, C. and Ouwehand, A. C. (2009). Probiotic effects on cold and influenza-like symptom incidence and duration in children. Pediatrics. 124: e172-179.
    25. Mackay, A.D., Taylor M.B., Kibbler, C.C., Hamilton-Miller, J.M. (1999). Lactobacillus endocarditis caused by a probiotic organism. Clinical Microbiological Infection, 5: 290 -2.
    26. Martin, C.A. (2000). EU-funded project on the elderly. Nutrition and Food Science. 3: 279-282.
    27. Menard (2011) Antibacterial treatment of bacterial vaginosis: current and emerging therapies. Int J womens health. 3: 295-305.
    28. Oberoi, A., Aggarwal, A. and Singh, N. (2007). Probiotics in health – A bug for what is bugging You. Journal of Medical Education & Research, 9: 116-119.
    29. Parvez, S., Malik, K. A., Ah Kang, S. and Kim, H. Y. (2006). Probiotics and their fermented food products are beneficial for health. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 100: 1171-1185.
    30. Rachinel, F. H., Nancey, S., Boschetti, G., Sardi, F., Doucet-Ladeveze. R., Durand, P.Y., Flourie, B and Kaiserlian, D. (2009). CD4+ cells and Lactobacillus casei control relapsing Colitis mediated by CD8+ Tcells. The Journal of Immunology, 183: 5477-5486.
    31. Rautio, M., Jousimies-Somer, H., and Kauma H. (1999). Liver abscess due to a Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain indistinguishable from L. rhamnosus strain GG. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 28:1159-60. 
    32. Ray, S. and Vaidya, L. (2014). Role of functional probiotic food groups in enhancing CD4 cell profile of HIV infected population – A short systematic review. International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, 12: 14-20.
    33. Sugandhi, G. P. and Maheswari, U. K. (2016). Perception and effect of socio economic factors of indian elderly on synbiotic yoghurt. Journal of Probiotics and Health, 4: 140. doi:10.4172/2329-8901.1000140.
    34. Shi, L.H, Balakrishnan, K., Thiagarajah, K., Ismail, I. M. and Yin, O.S. (2016). Beneficial properties of probiotics. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 27: 73-90. 
    35. Tufts, (2003). Yet another reason to lose excess weight: improved immune function. Health and Nutrition Letter, 21: 1.
    36. Tubelius P, Stan V, and Zachrisson A, et al. (2005) Increasing work-place healthiness with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri: A randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Environ Health. 
    37. Volkert, D. (2005). Nutrition and lifestyle of the elderly in Europe. Journal of Public Health, 13: 56-61.
    38. Wardwell, L., Novakofski, C. K., Herrel, S. and Woods, J. (2008). Nutrient intake and immune function of elderly subjects. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 108: 2005-2012. 
    39. Weston, S., Halbert, A., Richmond, P and Prescott, S.L. (2005). Effects of probiotics on atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Disease in Childhood , 90: 892-897. 
    40. Weizman Z, Asli G, Alsheikh A, et al. (2005) Effect of a probiotic infant formula on infections in child care centers: comparison of two probiotic agents. Pediatrics.115:5-9. 
    41. Winkler P, de Vrese M, Laue C, et al. (2005) of a dietary supplement containing probiotic bacteria plus vitamins and minerals on common cold infections and cellular immune parameters. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 43:318-26.
    42. Ying-H, S., Bor-L, C., Ling-H, W., Chuh-K, L and Harsharnjit, S. G. (2001). Systematic immunity-enhancing effects in healthy subjects following dietary consumption of the lactic acid Bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN 001. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 20: 149–156.
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