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volume 23 issue 3 (september 2002) : 175 - 184

LEAF BLIGHT EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM(PASS.) OF SORGHUM - A REVIEW

K
K. Kanaka Durga*
1Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Durga* Kanaka K. (2025). LEAF BLIGHT EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM(PASS.) OF SORGHUM - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 23(3): 175 - 184. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Leaf blight is one of the most widely distributed and at times damaging foliage pathogens of the sorghum. It is caused by Exserohilum furcicum, belongs to the class Deuteromycetes and the order Fungi imperfecti. It causes large, elongated, spindle-shaped spots, measuring several cm in length and up to few cm in width having straw/grey colored center and surrounded by a deeply pigmented margin, which darken during sporulation. With the advancement of disease several spots coalesce together killing large patches of the leaf blade. It primarily attacks leaf blade but under extended disease conducive environment it may also attack leaf sheaths and total leaf wilting occurs under heavy infected conditions.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Barrera, ,JAS. and Frederiksen, R.A. (1994). Plant Disease 78(5):499-502.
    2. Bergquist, R.R and Masias, O.R. (1973). Phytopath. 63: 1214 (Abstract).
    3. l3r.!rgquist, R.R and Masias, OK (1974). Phytopath. 64: 436-438.
    4. Bhowrnik, R.P. and Prasada, R. (1970). Phytopathologische Zeitschrift 68: 84-87.
    5. Dreschler. C. (1934). Phytopath. 24: 953-983.
    6. Drolsom, P.N. (1954). Agron. J 46: 329-332.
    7. Edmunds, L.K. and Zummo, N. (1975). Sorghum Diseases in the United States and Their Control-Agricultural Handbook. No. 468. Washington, DC, USA
    8. Frederiksen, R.A. (1978). Proc. Int. Workshop on Sorghum Diseases, 243-248 pp.
    9. Frederiksen, R.A. (1980). In: Sorghum Diseases: A World Review. (Williams, R.J. et £II. eds). ICRISAT. Patancheru.
    10. Andhra Pradesh. India. pp. 243-248.
    11. Frederiksen, RA (1982). In: Sorghum in the Eighties: Proc. of Int. Symp. Sorghum. 2-7 Nov 1'JS 1. ICRISAT.
    12. Patancheru. Andhra Pradesh, India. pp. 263-271.
    13. Frederiksen, R.A. (1984). hJ: Sorghum Root and Stalk Rots. a Critical Review: Proc. of the Consultative Group
    14. Discussion on Research Needs and Strategies for Control of Sorghum Root rot and Stalk rut Diseases. 27 Nov2
    15. Dec 1983. Bellagio.ltaly: ICRISAT, pp. 37-42.
    16. Frederiksen. RA. (1986). In: Proc. of the 4'" Regional Workshop on Sorghum and Millet hnprovcmcnt in Eastern
    17. Africa, 22-26 Jul 1985. Gebrekidan, B. (Ed.). Nairobi. Kenya: OAU/SAFGRAD. pp. 324-337.
    18. Frederiksen, RA. et al (1978). In: Sorghum Disease and Insect Resistance Workshop. Texas Agricultural E,xperirnental
    19. Stiltion. College Station. Texas.
    20. Frederiksen. R A. et II (1975). Plant Disase Reporter 59(7): 517-548.
    21. Harnid Ali. Hand Agragaki, M. (1975). Phytopath. 65: 280-283.
    22. Hepperly, P.R. and RiDS, A.S. (1987). J Agric. Univ. Puerto Rico 71(3): 293-299.
    23. Hooker, AL. (963). Crop Sci. 3: 381-383.
    24. Hooker, A.L. (1975). Report of TottOli /Vlycologicallns{itute (Japan) 12: 115-125.
    25. Hughes. G.R und Hooker. A.L. (1971). Crop Sci. 11: 180-184.
    26. Jenkins, M.T. and Robel1, AL (1952). Agron. J44: 136-1i10.
    27. Jenkins, M.T. etal (1952). Agron. J 44: 438-442.
    28. Jennin~]s, P.R and Ullstrup, AG. (1957). Phytopath. 47: 707-714.
    29. ,JOllllSOl>. H.W. eta/. (1955). Agron. J. 47: 314-318.
    30. l\ing. S.13. (I (75). In' Proc. of the sorghum in the seventies conference. 1972. (Rao. N.GP.. and House. L.R. ecls.)
    31. New Delhi. India. pp.411-434.
    32. Lc'ach. eM. (1975). Phytopath. 65: 1303-1312
    33. Leach. C.M. (,030a). Phytopath. 70: 196-200.
    34. Leach, C.M. (198(lh\ Phytopath. 70: 206-213.
    35. Leonard. l\,.J. and Suggs, E.G. (1974). Myc'ologia 66: 281-297.
    36. Luttrell. E.S. (1858). Phytnath. 48: 281-287.
    37. Masias. O.R and Bergquist, R.R (1974). Phytopath. 64: 436-438.
    38. Meredith. D.S. (1965). Phytopath. 56: 949-952
    39. Muii('r. 1-\.0. (I (59). Hypersensitivity. In: Plant Patholo~ly-l IHorsbli. J.G. anel Dirnond. A.E. r.!els.) Academic Press. ~~ew York. pp. 469-519.
    40. Oclvody. G.N. and Hepperly. P.R. (1992). In: Sorghulll irnd Millets Dseases: A Second World Review. (de Milliano, W.A.,J. e{ al. eels.) ICRISAT. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh. India. pp. 7-177.
    41. Olson. F.J. c\lld Salltos. G.L. (1976). Trop. AgJic. 53(3): 211-216.
    42. Parodi. R./\. et:I/. (1977). EstaciolJ E'pctimentalAgropeCllatia. Manfredi. Cordoa. Argentina. Information Technica No. 5i1. Est. Exp. Agropecuaria, Manfredi.
    43. Panse. VG. (1967).lndianJ Genet. 7: 318-328.
    44. PilSsr.!rini. K (1R76) Phytopathology.48: 281-287.
    45. 184 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
    46. Ramamurthy, A, et al. (1980) Indian J AgJic, Sci. 50 (7): 532-536.
    47. Raymundo, AD. and Hooker, A.L. (1981). PI. Disease 65(4): 325-327.
    48. Satyanarayana, E. (1995). Madras Agric. J 82(11): 608-609.
    49. Shenoi, M.M. and Ramalingam, A. (1983). Indian Phytopath. 36(4): 700-706.
    50. Shoemaker, RA (1959). Can. J Bot. 37: 979-887.
    51. Sigulas, KM. et al. (1988). Phytopath. 78(2\: 149-153.
    52. Snyder, E.B. (1949-50). Ph. D. Thesis. Univ. Wis. Madison. Sum. Doct. Diss. 11: 28-30.
    53. Sundaram, NV et al. (1972). Disease survey of sorghum and millets in India.
    54. Tarllmoto, I. and Isawa, K (19"12). Sorghum News!. 15: 111-114.
    55. Tarllmoto, I. and Isawa, K (1975). Jap. J Breed. 25(3): 155-160.
    56. Tarumoto, I. et a/. (1977). Jap. J Breed 27(3): 216-222.
    57. Tarr. SA.J. (1962). Diseases of Sorghum, Sudan Grass and Brown Corn. Common',l(." Mycoi. Inst.. Kew, Surrey,
    58. England, pp. 380.
    59. Tuleen. D.M. (1975). M.S. Thesis, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas.
    60. Tlileen, D.M. and Frederiksen. R.A (1977). Plant Disea,se Reporter 61(8): 657-661.
    61. Ulistrup, AJ. (1952). Leaf blight in Corn. Bulletin of Purdue University of Agricultural Experimental Station pp. 572.
    62. Wall, G.c. and Meckenstock, D.H. (1992). In: Sorghum and Millets Diseases- A Second World Review. (de MUiano, WAJ. et al. eds.). ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh pp. 67-73.
    63. Weiji, zex. eta/. (1956). Jap. J Breed 19:186-191.
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      volume 23 issue 3 (september 2002) : 175 - 184

      LEAF BLIGHT EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM(PASS.) OF SORGHUM - A REVIEW

      K
      K. Kanaka Durga*
      1Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Durga* Kanaka K. (2025). LEAF BLIGHT EXSEROHILUM TURCICUM(PASS.) OF SORGHUM - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 23(3): 175 - 184. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Leaf blight is one of the most widely distributed and at times damaging foliage pathogens of the sorghum. It is caused by Exserohilum furcicum, belongs to the class Deuteromycetes and the order Fungi imperfecti. It causes large, elongated, spindle-shaped spots, measuring several cm in length and up to few cm in width having straw/grey colored center and surrounded by a deeply pigmented margin, which darken during sporulation. With the advancement of disease several spots coalesce together killing large patches of the leaf blade. It primarily attacks leaf blade but under extended disease conducive environment it may also attack leaf sheaths and total leaf wilting occurs under heavy infected conditions.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Barrera, ,JAS. and Frederiksen, R.A. (1994). Plant Disease 78(5):499-502.
        2. Bergquist, R.R and Masias, O.R. (1973). Phytopath. 63: 1214 (Abstract).
        3. l3r.!rgquist, R.R and Masias, OK (1974). Phytopath. 64: 436-438.
        4. Bhowrnik, R.P. and Prasada, R. (1970). Phytopathologische Zeitschrift 68: 84-87.
        5. Dreschler. C. (1934). Phytopath. 24: 953-983.
        6. Drolsom, P.N. (1954). Agron. J 46: 329-332.
        7. Edmunds, L.K. and Zummo, N. (1975). Sorghum Diseases in the United States and Their Control-Agricultural Handbook. No. 468. Washington, DC, USA
        8. Frederiksen, R.A. (1978). Proc. Int. Workshop on Sorghum Diseases, 243-248 pp.
        9. Frederiksen, R.A. (1980). In: Sorghum Diseases: A World Review. (Williams, R.J. et £II. eds). ICRISAT. Patancheru.
        10. Andhra Pradesh. India. pp. 243-248.
        11. Frederiksen, RA (1982). In: Sorghum in the Eighties: Proc. of Int. Symp. Sorghum. 2-7 Nov 1'JS 1. ICRISAT.
        12. Patancheru. Andhra Pradesh, India. pp. 263-271.
        13. Frederiksen, R.A. (1984). hJ: Sorghum Root and Stalk Rots. a Critical Review: Proc. of the Consultative Group
        14. Discussion on Research Needs and Strategies for Control of Sorghum Root rot and Stalk rut Diseases. 27 Nov2
        15. Dec 1983. Bellagio.ltaly: ICRISAT, pp. 37-42.
        16. Frederiksen. RA. (1986). In: Proc. of the 4'" Regional Workshop on Sorghum and Millet hnprovcmcnt in Eastern
        17. Africa, 22-26 Jul 1985. Gebrekidan, B. (Ed.). Nairobi. Kenya: OAU/SAFGRAD. pp. 324-337.
        18. Frederiksen, RA. et al (1978). In: Sorghum Disease and Insect Resistance Workshop. Texas Agricultural E,xperirnental
        19. Stiltion. College Station. Texas.
        20. Frederiksen. R A. et II (1975). Plant Disase Reporter 59(7): 517-548.
        21. Harnid Ali. Hand Agragaki, M. (1975). Phytopath. 65: 280-283.
        22. Hepperly, P.R. and RiDS, A.S. (1987). J Agric. Univ. Puerto Rico 71(3): 293-299.
        23. Hooker, AL. (963). Crop Sci. 3: 381-383.
        24. Hooker, A.L. (1975). Report of TottOli /Vlycologicallns{itute (Japan) 12: 115-125.
        25. Hughes. G.R und Hooker. A.L. (1971). Crop Sci. 11: 180-184.
        26. Jenkins, M.T. and Robel1, AL (1952). Agron. J44: 136-1i10.
        27. Jenkins, M.T. etal (1952). Agron. J 44: 438-442.
        28. Jennin~]s, P.R and Ullstrup, AG. (1957). Phytopath. 47: 707-714.
        29. ,JOllllSOl>. H.W. eta/. (1955). Agron. J. 47: 314-318.
        30. l\ing. S.13. (I (75). In' Proc. of the sorghum in the seventies conference. 1972. (Rao. N.GP.. and House. L.R. ecls.)
        31. New Delhi. India. pp.411-434.
        32. Lc'ach. eM. (1975). Phytopath. 65: 1303-1312
        33. Leach. C.M. (,030a). Phytopath. 70: 196-200.
        34. Leach, C.M. (198(lh\ Phytopath. 70: 206-213.
        35. Leonard. l\,.J. and Suggs, E.G. (1974). Myc'ologia 66: 281-297.
        36. Luttrell. E.S. (1858). Phytnath. 48: 281-287.
        37. Masias. O.R and Bergquist, R.R (1974). Phytopath. 64: 436-438.
        38. Meredith. D.S. (1965). Phytopath. 56: 949-952
        39. Muii('r. 1-\.0. (I (59). Hypersensitivity. In: Plant Patholo~ly-l IHorsbli. J.G. anel Dirnond. A.E. r.!els.) Academic Press. ~~ew York. pp. 469-519.
        40. Oclvody. G.N. and Hepperly. P.R. (1992). In: Sorghulll irnd Millets Dseases: A Second World Review. (de Milliano, W.A.,J. e{ al. eels.) ICRISAT. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh. India. pp. 7-177.
        41. Olson. F.J. c\lld Salltos. G.L. (1976). Trop. AgJic. 53(3): 211-216.
        42. Parodi. R./\. et:I/. (1977). EstaciolJ E'pctimentalAgropeCllatia. Manfredi. Cordoa. Argentina. Information Technica No. 5i1. Est. Exp. Agropecuaria, Manfredi.
        43. Panse. VG. (1967).lndianJ Genet. 7: 318-328.
        44. PilSsr.!rini. K (1R76) Phytopathology.48: 281-287.
        45. 184 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
        46. Ramamurthy, A, et al. (1980) Indian J AgJic, Sci. 50 (7): 532-536.
        47. Raymundo, AD. and Hooker, A.L. (1981). PI. Disease 65(4): 325-327.
        48. Satyanarayana, E. (1995). Madras Agric. J 82(11): 608-609.
        49. Shenoi, M.M. and Ramalingam, A. (1983). Indian Phytopath. 36(4): 700-706.
        50. Shoemaker, RA (1959). Can. J Bot. 37: 979-887.
        51. Sigulas, KM. et al. (1988). Phytopath. 78(2\: 149-153.
        52. Snyder, E.B. (1949-50). Ph. D. Thesis. Univ. Wis. Madison. Sum. Doct. Diss. 11: 28-30.
        53. Sundaram, NV et al. (1972). Disease survey of sorghum and millets in India.
        54. Tarllmoto, I. and Isawa, K (19"12). Sorghum News!. 15: 111-114.
        55. Tarllmoto, I. and Isawa, K (1975). Jap. J Breed. 25(3): 155-160.
        56. Tarumoto, I. et a/. (1977). Jap. J Breed 27(3): 216-222.
        57. Tarr. SA.J. (1962). Diseases of Sorghum, Sudan Grass and Brown Corn. Common',l(." Mycoi. Inst.. Kew, Surrey,
        58. England, pp. 380.
        59. Tuleen. D.M. (1975). M.S. Thesis, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas.
        60. Tlileen, D.M. and Frederiksen. R.A (1977). Plant Disea,se Reporter 61(8): 657-661.
        61. Ulistrup, AJ. (1952). Leaf blight in Corn. Bulletin of Purdue University of Agricultural Experimental Station pp. 572.
        62. Wall, G.c. and Meckenstock, D.H. (1992). In: Sorghum and Millets Diseases- A Second World Review. (de MUiano, WAJ. et al. eds.). ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh pp. 67-73.
        63. Weiji, zex. eta/. (1956). Jap. J Breed 19:186-191.
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