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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 25 issue 1 (march 2004) : 70 - 75

PHYTOHORMONE PRODUCTION BY AZOTOBACTER- A REVIEW

K
Kamlesh Kukreja
S
Sunita Suneja
S
Sneh Goyal
N
Neeni Narula
1Department of Micrqbiology, CCS HAU, Hisar-125 004, Haryana,india

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Kukreja Kamlesh, Suneja Sunita, Goyal Sneh, Narula Neeni (2025). PHYTOHORMONE PRODUCTION BY AZOTOBACTER- A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 25(1): 70 - 75. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Phytohormones are plant growth regulators which have stimulatory effects on plant growth. These include three main groups of compounds i.e. auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins. Azotobacteris one of the important diazotrophs which is able to synthesize large amounts of biological active substances. Phytohormone production has been reported in various species of Azotobacter viz., A. chroococcum, A. vinelandii, A. paspali and A. beijerinckii. Although nitrogen fixation by Azotobacteris well documented in a broad taxonomic range of plants, but other proposed mechanisms may also be involved in plant growth stimulation. Available data suggest that phytohormone production by Azotobacter is one of the important factor for plant growth stimulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize available data on phytohormone production by Azotobacter.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Akiyoshi,D.E et al. (1987). J Bacterial., 169: 4242-4248.
    2. Alvarez, MA etal. (1995): Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,61: 194-199.
    3. Arshad, M. and Frankenberger, WT. (1991).Pl. Soil" 133: 1·8.
    4. Azcon, R. and Barea. J.M. (1975). Pl. Soil, 43: 609-619.
    5. Baca, B.E. etal. (1994). SoilBiol Biochem., 26: 57-63,
    6. Barea, J.M. and Brown, M.E. (1974). J Appl.BacterIOl, 37: 583~593.
    7. Bashan, Y. and Levanony, H. (1990). Can. J Microbiol, 36:591-608.
    8. Brown, M.E. and Walker, N. (1970). Pl Soil, 32: 250-253.
    9. Brown, ME. etal (1962). PI. Soil, 17: 320-332.
    10. Brown, M.E. et al (1968). J Exp. Bot., 43: 418-423.
    11. Cavell, B.D. etal (1967). Phytochem., 6: 867-874.
    12. Coppola, S. et al (1971). AnnalMicrobiol, 21.: 45-47.
    13. Crozier, A. etal (1988). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 54: 2833-2837.
    14. Debut, B. etal. (1995). Cuttivos. Tropieales., 16: 16-18.
    15. Fallik, E. and Okon, Y. (1996). Soil Biol Bidchem., 28: 123-126.
    16. Glickrnann. E and Dessaux, Y. (1995). Appl Environ. Microbial., 61: 793-796
    17. Hartmann. A. et al (1983). Can. J Microbiol. 29:916-923.
    18. Hennequin. J.R and Blachere. H. (1966). Ann. Inst. Pasteur., 111: 39-49.
    19. Hall. F.B. etal (1988). SoilBiol Biochem., 20: 19-24.
    20. Horemans. S. etal (1986). Symbiosis., 2: 341-346,
    21. Janzen, RA. etal (1992). SoiIBioIBiochein., 24: 1061-1064.
    22. Jackson, R.M. (1964). Nature, London, 192: 575-577.
    23. Jones, R.L. and Varner, J.E. (1967). Plailta.. 72: 155-161.
    24. Kado, c.1. (1984). In: Phytohormone Mediated Tumorigenesis by Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Springer-Verlag.
    25. New York Pp. 311-366.
    26. Kaiss-Chapmann, RW and Morris, RO. (1977). Biochem. Biophys. Re$. Commun.. 76: 453-459.
    27. Kapulnik, Y. etal (1981). PI. Soil, 61: 65-70.
    28. Kapu!nik, Y. et al (1983) Can. J Microbiol, 29: 895-899.
    29. Kumar. N. etal (1996) Annal Bial. , 12: 309-313.
    30. Kumar, PKR. and Lonsane, BK (1986). J Chromatography, 369: 222-226.
    31. Lakshminarayana. K. (1993). Proc Indian Natl Sci. Acad , B59: 303-308.
    32. Lee, M. etal (1970). Can. J Microbial. 16: 1325·1330.
    33. Leinhos, V. and Bergmann, H. (1995). Angew. Bot.. 69: 37-41
    34. Leinhos, V. and Vacak. O. (1994). Microbiol Res.. 149: 31-35
    35. Letham. D.S. (1971). Physiol Plant, 25: 391-396.
    36. Lipmann. B. et al (1995).Angew. Bot.. 69: 31-36.
    37. Martin, P. et al (1989). Z Pflanzenernahr. Bodenk.. 152 237-245
    38. Martinez-Toledo. MV etal (1988). PI. Soil, 110: 149-152
    39. Vol. 25, No.1, 2004 75
    40. Martinez-Toledo, M.V. et al (2000). Production of phytohormones by free-Living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria. CBS
    41. Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi. India. pp.53-63.
    42. Murai,N.eta/.(1980).JToc. ivatl Acad.$ci.. USA. 77: 619-623.
    43. Natula, N. and Yadav, KS. (1989}. Nitrogerdixation research in India with Azotobacter. The Society for plant
    44. Physiolqgyand Biochemistry, IARI, New Delhi, PP 87-108.
    45. Narula, N. etal. ()981). Biotech. Bioengg., 23:467-470.
    46. Nickell, I.G. (1982). Plant growth regulators. Agricultural uses. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. pp. 173.
    47. Nieto, KF. and Frankenberger, WT. (1989). Soil Biol Biochem., 21: 967-972.
    48. Nitsch, J.P. and Nitsch, C. (1956), PlantPhysioJ., 31: 94-111.
    49. Piccoli,P. and Bottini,R. (1994). Symbiosis., 17: 229-236.
    50. . Prikryl,Z. eta/. (1983). BiologiaPlant, 27: 159-163.
    51. Raznitsina, E.A. (1938). Dokl. An. SSR., 18: 353-356.
    52. Reynolds, T. and Thompson, PA (1973). Physiol Plant, 28: 516-522.
    53. Sankaram, A. and Sundara Rao, WV.B. (1962). Cun: ScL, 31: 334-336.
    54. Sharma,P.K. and Chahal,V,P.S. (1986). J. Res. Punjab Agric. Univ., 23: 95-97
    55. Strzelcryk, E. et al. (1973). Acta Microbiol Po/on., 5: 71.
    56. Subba Rao, N.S. (1982). Biofertilizers in Agriculture. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. pp 77-91.
    57. Sunejai S, and Lakshminarayana, K (1993). /ndianJ. Exp. Biol, 31: 878-881.
    58. Suneja,S. and Lakshminarayana, K (1998). /ndianPhyfopathol, 51: 140-145.
    59. Surico, G. et a/. (1985). Physiol Plant Pathol, 26: 309-320.
    60. Tien, T.M. eta/. (1979). Appl Environ. Microbiol, 37: 1016-1024.
    61. Vancura, V. (1961). Nature, 192: 88-89.
    62. Verma, A. eta/. (2001). /ndianJ. Microbiol, 41: 305-307.
    63. Weaver, R.J. (1972). Plant Growth Substances in Agriculture. Freeman, WH. and Company, San Francisco, pp. 23--68.
    64. Zarnescu, A. and Nita, L. (1964). An /nst. Cercet. Pernone counsile Plante Tchn-Fund. Ser. B. 32: 443-455
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      volume 25 issue 1 (march 2004) : 70 - 75

      PHYTOHORMONE PRODUCTION BY AZOTOBACTER- A REVIEW

      K
      Kamlesh Kukreja
      S
      Sunita Suneja
      S
      Sneh Goyal
      N
      Neeni Narula
      1Department of Micrqbiology, CCS HAU, Hisar-125 004, Haryana,india

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Kukreja Kamlesh, Suneja Sunita, Goyal Sneh, Narula Neeni (2025). PHYTOHORMONE PRODUCTION BY AZOTOBACTER- A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 25(1): 70 - 75. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Phytohormones are plant growth regulators which have stimulatory effects on plant growth. These include three main groups of compounds i.e. auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins. Azotobacteris one of the important diazotrophs which is able to synthesize large amounts of biological active substances. Phytohormone production has been reported in various species of Azotobacter viz., A. chroococcum, A. vinelandii, A. paspali and A. beijerinckii. Although nitrogen fixation by Azotobacteris well documented in a broad taxonomic range of plants, but other proposed mechanisms may also be involved in plant growth stimulation. Available data suggest that phytohormone production by Azotobacter is one of the important factor for plant growth stimulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize available data on phytohormone production by Azotobacter.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Akiyoshi,D.E et al. (1987). J Bacterial., 169: 4242-4248.
        2. Alvarez, MA etal. (1995): Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,61: 194-199.
        3. Arshad, M. and Frankenberger, WT. (1991).Pl. Soil" 133: 1·8.
        4. Azcon, R. and Barea. J.M. (1975). Pl. Soil, 43: 609-619.
        5. Baca, B.E. etal. (1994). SoilBiol Biochem., 26: 57-63,
        6. Barea, J.M. and Brown, M.E. (1974). J Appl.BacterIOl, 37: 583~593.
        7. Bashan, Y. and Levanony, H. (1990). Can. J Microbiol, 36:591-608.
        8. Brown, M.E. and Walker, N. (1970). Pl Soil, 32: 250-253.
        9. Brown, ME. etal (1962). PI. Soil, 17: 320-332.
        10. Brown, M.E. et al (1968). J Exp. Bot., 43: 418-423.
        11. Cavell, B.D. etal (1967). Phytochem., 6: 867-874.
        12. Coppola, S. et al (1971). AnnalMicrobiol, 21.: 45-47.
        13. Crozier, A. etal (1988). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 54: 2833-2837.
        14. Debut, B. etal. (1995). Cuttivos. Tropieales., 16: 16-18.
        15. Fallik, E. and Okon, Y. (1996). Soil Biol Bidchem., 28: 123-126.
        16. Glickrnann. E and Dessaux, Y. (1995). Appl Environ. Microbial., 61: 793-796
        17. Hartmann. A. et al (1983). Can. J Microbiol. 29:916-923.
        18. Hennequin. J.R and Blachere. H. (1966). Ann. Inst. Pasteur., 111: 39-49.
        19. Hall. F.B. etal (1988). SoilBiol Biochem., 20: 19-24.
        20. Horemans. S. etal (1986). Symbiosis., 2: 341-346,
        21. Janzen, RA. etal (1992). SoiIBioIBiochein., 24: 1061-1064.
        22. Jackson, R.M. (1964). Nature, London, 192: 575-577.
        23. Jones, R.L. and Varner, J.E. (1967). Plailta.. 72: 155-161.
        24. Kado, c.1. (1984). In: Phytohormone Mediated Tumorigenesis by Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Springer-Verlag.
        25. New York Pp. 311-366.
        26. Kaiss-Chapmann, RW and Morris, RO. (1977). Biochem. Biophys. Re$. Commun.. 76: 453-459.
        27. Kapulnik, Y. etal (1981). PI. Soil, 61: 65-70.
        28. Kapu!nik, Y. et al (1983) Can. J Microbiol, 29: 895-899.
        29. Kumar. N. etal (1996) Annal Bial. , 12: 309-313.
        30. Kumar, PKR. and Lonsane, BK (1986). J Chromatography, 369: 222-226.
        31. Lakshminarayana. K. (1993). Proc Indian Natl Sci. Acad , B59: 303-308.
        32. Lee, M. etal (1970). Can. J Microbial. 16: 1325·1330.
        33. Leinhos, V. and Bergmann, H. (1995). Angew. Bot.. 69: 37-41
        34. Leinhos, V. and Vacak. O. (1994). Microbiol Res.. 149: 31-35
        35. Letham. D.S. (1971). Physiol Plant, 25: 391-396.
        36. Lipmann. B. et al (1995).Angew. Bot.. 69: 31-36.
        37. Martin, P. et al (1989). Z Pflanzenernahr. Bodenk.. 152 237-245
        38. Martinez-Toledo. MV etal (1988). PI. Soil, 110: 149-152
        39. Vol. 25, No.1, 2004 75
        40. Martinez-Toledo, M.V. et al (2000). Production of phytohormones by free-Living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria. CBS
        41. Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi. India. pp.53-63.
        42. Murai,N.eta/.(1980).JToc. ivatl Acad.$ci.. USA. 77: 619-623.
        43. Natula, N. and Yadav, KS. (1989}. Nitrogerdixation research in India with Azotobacter. The Society for plant
        44. Physiolqgyand Biochemistry, IARI, New Delhi, PP 87-108.
        45. Narula, N. etal. ()981). Biotech. Bioengg., 23:467-470.
        46. Nickell, I.G. (1982). Plant growth regulators. Agricultural uses. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. pp. 173.
        47. Nieto, KF. and Frankenberger, WT. (1989). Soil Biol Biochem., 21: 967-972.
        48. Nitsch, J.P. and Nitsch, C. (1956), PlantPhysioJ., 31: 94-111.
        49. Piccoli,P. and Bottini,R. (1994). Symbiosis., 17: 229-236.
        50. . Prikryl,Z. eta/. (1983). BiologiaPlant, 27: 159-163.
        51. Raznitsina, E.A. (1938). Dokl. An. SSR., 18: 353-356.
        52. Reynolds, T. and Thompson, PA (1973). Physiol Plant, 28: 516-522.
        53. Sankaram, A. and Sundara Rao, WV.B. (1962). Cun: ScL, 31: 334-336.
        54. Sharma,P.K. and Chahal,V,P.S. (1986). J. Res. Punjab Agric. Univ., 23: 95-97
        55. Strzelcryk, E. et al. (1973). Acta Microbiol Po/on., 5: 71.
        56. Subba Rao, N.S. (1982). Biofertilizers in Agriculture. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. pp 77-91.
        57. Sunejai S, and Lakshminarayana, K (1993). /ndianJ. Exp. Biol, 31: 878-881.
        58. Suneja,S. and Lakshminarayana, K (1998). /ndianPhyfopathol, 51: 140-145.
        59. Surico, G. et a/. (1985). Physiol Plant Pathol, 26: 309-320.
        60. Tien, T.M. eta/. (1979). Appl Environ. Microbiol, 37: 1016-1024.
        61. Vancura, V. (1961). Nature, 192: 88-89.
        62. Verma, A. eta/. (2001). /ndianJ. Microbiol, 41: 305-307.
        63. Weaver, R.J. (1972). Plant Growth Substances in Agriculture. Freeman, WH. and Company, San Francisco, pp. 23--68.
        64. Zarnescu, A. and Nita, L. (1964). An /nst. Cercet. Pernone counsile Plante Tchn-Fund. Ser. B. 32: 443-455
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