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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 27 issue 3 (september 2006) : 223 - 228

EFFECT OF FEW IMPORTANT CLIMATIC FACTORS ON PHENOLOGY, GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE AND WHEAT - A REVIEW

B
B. Goswami
G
G.S. Mahi
U
Uday S. Saikia1*
1Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Goswami B., Mahi G.S., Saikia1* S. Uday (2025). EFFECT OF FEW IMPORTANT CLIMATIC FACTORS ON PHENOLOGY, GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE AND WHEAT - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 27(3): 223 - 228. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Mealy bugs are destructive to citrus causing severe losses in Peninsular and North-Eastern India. Apart from citrus, mealy bugs attack curry leaf plant, cotton, banana, coffee, cocoa, ginger, mango etc. The citrus plants of all the ages even the pruned young citrus seedlings in cage house and nursery besides grown-up trees are attacked by mealy bugs. Besides arresting the plant growth it also causes leaf and fruit drop. Various methods of control like mechanical, cultural, chemical, biological and use of pheromones and IGR's which have been tried against the pest world over have been reviewed in this article. Development of forecasting models, working out ETL levels (location and species-wise), correlation of weather parameters with population dynamics etc. have been visualized as the future research strategies

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Anonymous (1997). Bi-Annual Report (1995-97) of AICRP on Agrometeorology, CRIDA, Hyderabad, pp. 43-58.
    2. Chaurasia; R. et al. (1995). PAU J. Res., 32: 265-271.
    3. Chaurasia, R. et al. (1996). J. Plant Sci. Res., 11-12: 32-34.
    4. Chowdhary, J.L. (1999). Indian. J. Agric.. Res., 33: 44-50.
    5. Chowdhury, S.I. and Wardlaw, I.F. (1978). Aus. J. Agri. Res., 295: 205-223.
    6. Dhillon, G.S. and Kler, D.S. (1981). J Agri. Sci. Camb, 97: 135-42.
    7. Dhiman, S.D. et al. (1985). HAU J. Res., 15: 158-63.
    8. Diaz, R.A. et al. (1983). Agron. J., 75: 805-10.
    9. Fischer, R.A. (1985). In: Proc. Inter. Symp. on Physiological Limitations to Producing Wheat in Subtropical and Tropical Environments and Possible Selection Criteria held at CYMMYT, Maxico, pp. 290-330.
    10. Hanks, R.J. and Puckridge, D.W. (1980). Aust. J. Agric. Sci., 31: 1-11.
    11. Hundal, S.S. and Kaur, P. (1995). In: Proc. Int. Conf. Sust. Agri. Env. on Effect of environmental stresses on
    12. potential production of major cereal crops in Punjab held at Haryana Agri. Univ. Hisar in Jan, 11-12.
    13. Khan, D.R. and Mackill, D.J. (1985). Int. Rice Res. Newsletter, 10: 13.
    14. Margaret, A.F. and Gillian, N.T. (1975). Ann. Bot., 32: 425-43.
    15. Vol. 27, No. 3, 2006 227
    16. Mahi, G.S. et al. (1991). In: Proc. Natn. Symp. Statistical Methodology far Dry land Agri. On Climate based wheat
    17. yield model held at CRIDA, Hyderabad, pp. 187-195.
    18. Munakata. K. (1976). In: Climate and Rice, IRRl, 187-210.
    19. Mavi, H.S. et al. (1993). Climate Change and Wheat Yoeki in Punjab, Proc. Int Symp Climate Change, Natural
    20. Disasters and Agriculture Strategies, China Meteorological press, Beijing, China, pp. 58-65.
    21. Me Master et al. (1998). Agron. J., 90: 602-07.
    22. Moneith, J.L. (1972). J. Agric. Ecol., 9: 747-66.
    23. Nishiyama, I. (1976). In: Climate and Rice, IRRl, 159-185.
    24. Parthasarathy, B. et al. (1988). Agric. and Forest Meteorol., 42: 167-182.
    25. Parry, M.L. and Swaminathan, M.S. (1992). Climate Change on Food Production. (Mintzer) (ed) Confronting
    26. Climate Change - Risk, Implications and Responses. Cambridge University Press, pp. 113-25.
    27. Penning de Vries, F.W. et al. (1993). Simulation Monograph. IRRI, LosBanos, Philippines, pp. 271.
    28. Rawson, H.M. (1986). Field Crops Res., 14: 197-212.
    29. Ritchie, J.T. (1991). Specification of the ideal model for crop predicting crop yields. 1: (Muchow, R.C. and Sinclair,
    30. T.R. eds.) Int. Symp. Wallingford: CAB international, U.K., pp. 97-121.
    31. Saha, A. and Dasgupta, D.K. (1995). Indian Agric., 39: 83-86.
    32. Saini, A.D. and Nanda, R. (1987). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 57: 351-359.
    33. Sands, P.J. et al. (1979). Field Crops Res., 25: 309-31.
    34. Sastry, P.S.N. (1976). In: Climate and Rice, IRRl, 51-63.
    35. Sayed, H.I. and Gadallah, A.M. (1983). Field Crop Res., 7: 61-71.
    36. Seshu, D.V. and Cady, F.B. (1984). Crop Sci., 24: 649-54.
    37. Thorne, G.N. et al. (1968). Ann. Bot., 32: 425-445.
    38. Turner, N.C. (1992). Aust. J. Exp. Agric., 32: 797-800.
    39. Unger, P.W. and Me Calla, T.M. (1980). Adv. Agron., 33: 1-58.
    40. Vanderbilt, V.C. et al. (1979). Agric. Met., 20: 147-60.
    41. Van Keulen, H. and de Miliano, W.A.J. (1984). Agric. Systems, 14: 171-92.
    42. Venkatraman, S. and Rahi, A.K. (1983). Mausam, 34: 81-84.
    43. Wardlaw, I.F. et al. (1980). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 7: 387-400
    44. Warrington, I.J. et al. (1977). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 28: 11-27.
    45. Wiegand, C.L. and Ceullar, J.A. (1981). Crop Sci., 215: 95-101.
    46. Wilhelm, W.W. et al. (1989). Agron. J., 81: 581-588.
    47. Yoshida, S. and Parao, F.T. (1976). In: Proc. Symp. on Climate and Rice Climatic Influence on Yield and Yield
    48. Components of Low Land Rice in Tropics held at IRRI, Los Banos, Manila, Philippines, pp. 471-94.
    49. Yoshida, S. (1978). Tropical climate and its influence on rice. IRRI Research Paper Series No. 20: 7
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      volume 27 issue 3 (september 2006) : 223 - 228

      EFFECT OF FEW IMPORTANT CLIMATIC FACTORS ON PHENOLOGY, GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE AND WHEAT - A REVIEW

      B
      B. Goswami
      G
      G.S. Mahi
      U
      Uday S. Saikia1*
      1Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Goswami B., Mahi G.S., Saikia1* S. Uday (2025). EFFECT OF FEW IMPORTANT CLIMATIC FACTORS ON PHENOLOGY, GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE AND WHEAT - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 27(3): 223 - 228. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Mealy bugs are destructive to citrus causing severe losses in Peninsular and North-Eastern India. Apart from citrus, mealy bugs attack curry leaf plant, cotton, banana, coffee, cocoa, ginger, mango etc. The citrus plants of all the ages even the pruned young citrus seedlings in cage house and nursery besides grown-up trees are attacked by mealy bugs. Besides arresting the plant growth it also causes leaf and fruit drop. Various methods of control like mechanical, cultural, chemical, biological and use of pheromones and IGR's which have been tried against the pest world over have been reviewed in this article. Development of forecasting models, working out ETL levels (location and species-wise), correlation of weather parameters with population dynamics etc. have been visualized as the future research strategies

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Anonymous (1997). Bi-Annual Report (1995-97) of AICRP on Agrometeorology, CRIDA, Hyderabad, pp. 43-58.
        2. Chaurasia; R. et al. (1995). PAU J. Res., 32: 265-271.
        3. Chaurasia, R. et al. (1996). J. Plant Sci. Res., 11-12: 32-34.
        4. Chowdhary, J.L. (1999). Indian. J. Agric.. Res., 33: 44-50.
        5. Chowdhury, S.I. and Wardlaw, I.F. (1978). Aus. J. Agri. Res., 295: 205-223.
        6. Dhillon, G.S. and Kler, D.S. (1981). J Agri. Sci. Camb, 97: 135-42.
        7. Dhiman, S.D. et al. (1985). HAU J. Res., 15: 158-63.
        8. Diaz, R.A. et al. (1983). Agron. J., 75: 805-10.
        9. Fischer, R.A. (1985). In: Proc. Inter. Symp. on Physiological Limitations to Producing Wheat in Subtropical and Tropical Environments and Possible Selection Criteria held at CYMMYT, Maxico, pp. 290-330.
        10. Hanks, R.J. and Puckridge, D.W. (1980). Aust. J. Agric. Sci., 31: 1-11.
        11. Hundal, S.S. and Kaur, P. (1995). In: Proc. Int. Conf. Sust. Agri. Env. on Effect of environmental stresses on
        12. potential production of major cereal crops in Punjab held at Haryana Agri. Univ. Hisar in Jan, 11-12.
        13. Khan, D.R. and Mackill, D.J. (1985). Int. Rice Res. Newsletter, 10: 13.
        14. Margaret, A.F. and Gillian, N.T. (1975). Ann. Bot., 32: 425-43.
        15. Vol. 27, No. 3, 2006 227
        16. Mahi, G.S. et al. (1991). In: Proc. Natn. Symp. Statistical Methodology far Dry land Agri. On Climate based wheat
        17. yield model held at CRIDA, Hyderabad, pp. 187-195.
        18. Munakata. K. (1976). In: Climate and Rice, IRRl, 187-210.
        19. Mavi, H.S. et al. (1993). Climate Change and Wheat Yoeki in Punjab, Proc. Int Symp Climate Change, Natural
        20. Disasters and Agriculture Strategies, China Meteorological press, Beijing, China, pp. 58-65.
        21. Me Master et al. (1998). Agron. J., 90: 602-07.
        22. Moneith, J.L. (1972). J. Agric. Ecol., 9: 747-66.
        23. Nishiyama, I. (1976). In: Climate and Rice, IRRl, 159-185.
        24. Parthasarathy, B. et al. (1988). Agric. and Forest Meteorol., 42: 167-182.
        25. Parry, M.L. and Swaminathan, M.S. (1992). Climate Change on Food Production. (Mintzer) (ed) Confronting
        26. Climate Change - Risk, Implications and Responses. Cambridge University Press, pp. 113-25.
        27. Penning de Vries, F.W. et al. (1993). Simulation Monograph. IRRI, LosBanos, Philippines, pp. 271.
        28. Rawson, H.M. (1986). Field Crops Res., 14: 197-212.
        29. Ritchie, J.T. (1991). Specification of the ideal model for crop predicting crop yields. 1: (Muchow, R.C. and Sinclair,
        30. T.R. eds.) Int. Symp. Wallingford: CAB international, U.K., pp. 97-121.
        31. Saha, A. and Dasgupta, D.K. (1995). Indian Agric., 39: 83-86.
        32. Saini, A.D. and Nanda, R. (1987). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 57: 351-359.
        33. Sands, P.J. et al. (1979). Field Crops Res., 25: 309-31.
        34. Sastry, P.S.N. (1976). In: Climate and Rice, IRRl, 51-63.
        35. Sayed, H.I. and Gadallah, A.M. (1983). Field Crop Res., 7: 61-71.
        36. Seshu, D.V. and Cady, F.B. (1984). Crop Sci., 24: 649-54.
        37. Thorne, G.N. et al. (1968). Ann. Bot., 32: 425-445.
        38. Turner, N.C. (1992). Aust. J. Exp. Agric., 32: 797-800.
        39. Unger, P.W. and Me Calla, T.M. (1980). Adv. Agron., 33: 1-58.
        40. Vanderbilt, V.C. et al. (1979). Agric. Met., 20: 147-60.
        41. Van Keulen, H. and de Miliano, W.A.J. (1984). Agric. Systems, 14: 171-92.
        42. Venkatraman, S. and Rahi, A.K. (1983). Mausam, 34: 81-84.
        43. Wardlaw, I.F. et al. (1980). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 7: 387-400
        44. Warrington, I.J. et al. (1977). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 28: 11-27.
        45. Wiegand, C.L. and Ceullar, J.A. (1981). Crop Sci., 215: 95-101.
        46. Wilhelm, W.W. et al. (1989). Agron. J., 81: 581-588.
        47. Yoshida, S. and Parao, F.T. (1976). In: Proc. Symp. on Climate and Rice Climatic Influence on Yield and Yield
        48. Components of Low Land Rice in Tropics held at IRRI, Los Banos, Manila, Philippines, pp. 471-94.
        49. Yoshida, S. (1978). Tropical climate and its influence on rice. IRRI Research Paper Series No. 20: 7
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