Agricultural Reviews, volume 31 issue 2 (june 2010) : 139 - 144
VANILLA BREEDING - A REVIEW
B. Sasikumar
1National Agricultural Research Institute, Mon Repos,
East Coast Demerara, Guyana, South America
Chief Editor:
Pradeep K. Sharma
Sher-e-Kashmir Uni. of Agri. Sciences and Technology, J&K, INDIA
ABSTRACT
Breeding behaviour of vanilla needs a thorough relook taking into consideration the various
reports of autogamy, self incompatibility and natural crossing. Vanilla planifolia flower is adapted
to cross pollination, the anthers being physically separated from the stigma by a rostellum. In
case of aided pollination, the rostellum is pushed back and the anthers are brought to contact
with the stigma ensuring pollination. However, occasionally autogamy too is observed besides
self incompatibility. Cultivar diversity, arising probably due to somatic crossing over, bud sports
or sexual reproduction, too is encountered in the crop though vegetative propagation is the rule
in vanilla .Vanilla germplasm maintained in the clonal repositories conserve both the primary
and secondary gene pools. Given the scenario of viable sexual reproduction and the scope for
fixing any new variation through vegetative propagation ,vanilla improvement is exciting. The
present review is an attempt to look into the global scenario of conventional breeding of vanilla
taking into consideration the conflicting reports on the breeding behaviour of the plant which
may give new directions for the improvement of the crop by conventional breeding. New breeding
strategies are also suggested.
reports of autogamy, self incompatibility and natural crossing. Vanilla planifolia flower is adapted
to cross pollination, the anthers being physically separated from the stigma by a rostellum. In
case of aided pollination, the rostellum is pushed back and the anthers are brought to contact
with the stigma ensuring pollination. However, occasionally autogamy too is observed besides
self incompatibility. Cultivar diversity, arising probably due to somatic crossing over, bud sports
or sexual reproduction, too is encountered in the crop though vegetative propagation is the rule
in vanilla .Vanilla germplasm maintained in the clonal repositories conserve both the primary
and secondary gene pools. Given the scenario of viable sexual reproduction and the scope for
fixing any new variation through vegetative propagation ,vanilla improvement is exciting. The
present review is an attempt to look into the global scenario of conventional breeding of vanilla
taking into consideration the conflicting reports on the breeding behaviour of the plant which
may give new directions for the improvement of the crop by conventional breeding. New breeding
strategies are also suggested.
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