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Research Article

volume 52 issue 4 (august 2018) : 368-373,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-343

Anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedling affected by salicylic acid and salt stress

M
M.A. Hasan
S
S.K. AL-Taweel
H
H.A. Alamrani
M
M.A. AL-Naqeeb
M
M.H.K. AL-Baldawwi
J
J.H. Hamza
1Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadiriya, Baghdad, Iraq.
Cite article:- Hasan M.A., AL-Taweel S.K., Alamrani H.A., AL-Naqeeb M.A., AL-Baldawwi M.H.K., Hamza J.H. (2018). Anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedling affected by salicylic acid and salt stress. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(4): 368-373. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-343.

ABSTRACT

A laboratory experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture University of  Baghdad in 2017. The aim was to improve the anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean seedling under salt stress by soaking it in salicylic acid. The concentrations of salicylic acid were 0, 10, and 20 mg L-1 and the electrical conductivity levels were 0, 3, and 6 dS m-1. The complete randomized design was used with four replications. The increasing of salicylic acid concentration up to 10 mg L-1 led to increasing the stem cortex thickness, stem vascular bundles thickness, and root cortex thickness significantly by (34.9,36.7,and 55 µm) respectively, while the treatment of 20 mg L-1 led to decreasing these traits by (28.2, 27.8, and 48.1 µm), compared to control treatment (33.8, 35.9, and 53.8 µm), respectively, and the interaction of studied factors led to increasing those traits up to 10 mg L-1 and then decreased up to 20 mg L-1 of salicylic acid under each level of electrical conductivity. Therefore, it is recommended to soak the broad been seeds with 10 mg L-1 salicylic acid to improve the anatomical traits of seedlings and increase their tolerance to salt stress up to 6 dS m-1.

REFERENCES

  1. Al-Hadeethi, M. A. (2016). Anatomical and palynological study of Myrtus communis L. Diyala Journal for Pure Science,12:1-15
  2. Çavuþoðlu, Kiliç K. S., and Kabar K. (2007). Some morphological and anatomical observations during alleviation of salinity (NaCl) stress on seed germination and seedling growth of barley by polyamines. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 29:551-557
  3. Çavuþoðlu, Kiliç K. S., and Kabar K. (2008). Effects of some plant growth regulators on leaf anatomy of radish seedlings grown under saline conditions. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 2:47-50
  4. Dawood, M., G and EL-Awadi M. (2015).Alleviation of salinity stress on Vicia faba L. plants via seeds priming with melatonin. Acta boil. Colomb., 20:223-235
  5. Evert, R. F. (2006). Esau’s Plant Anatomy, Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function, and Development. 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  6. Fahn, A. (1979). Secretory Tissues in Plants.New jersey. Academic Press. New york.
  7. Farjam S., H. Kazemi-Arbat, Siosemardeh A., Yarnia M., and Rokhzadi A., (2015). Effects of salicylic and ascorbic acid applications on growth, yield, water use efficiency and some physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under reduced irrigation. Legume Research, 38: 66-71
  8. Gomaa, E. F., Nassar R. M. A., and Madkour M. A., (2015). Effect of foliar spray with salicylic acid on vegetative growth, stem and leaf anatomy, photosynthetic pigments and productivity of Egyptian lupine plant (Lupinus termis Forssk.). International Journal of Advanced Research, 3:803-813
  9. Hernandez, J., Jimenez A., Mullineaux A and Sevilla P. F., (2000). Tolerance of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to long term salt stress is associated with induction of antioxidant defenses. Plant CellEnviron. 23: 853-862
  10. Hwang, Y. H., and Chen S. C., (1995). Anatomical responses in Kandelia candel (L.) Druce seedlings growing in the presence of different concentrations of NaCl. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin, 36:181-188
  11. International Seed Testing Association. (2013). International rules for seed testing. Adopted at the ordinary meeting 2012, Venlo, the Netherlands to become effective on 1st January 2013, Chapter 5.
  12. Khodary, S. E. A. (2004). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants.International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,6:5-8
  13. Kiliç, S., Cavuþoðlu K and Kabar K., (2007). Effects of 24-epibrassinolide on salinity stress induced inhibition of seed germination, seedling growth and leaf anatomy of barley. SDÜ FEN DERGÝSÝ, 2:41-52
  14. Kusvuran, A. (2015). The effects of salt stress on the germination and antioxidative enzyme activity of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) varieties. Legume Research, 38:51-59
  15. Maddah S. M., Falahian F. A., Sabaghpour S. H., and Chalabian F., (2007). Effect of salicylic acid on yield, yield components and anatomical structures of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Sciences (Islamic Azad University), 16:61-70 
  16. Metcalfe, C. R., and Chalk L. (1979). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. 2nd ed. Clarendon Press Oxford.
  17. Moussa, H. R., and Hassan M. A. (2016). Growth enhancers to mitigate salinity stress in Vicia faba. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 22:243-250 
  18. Rui, L. S. Wei, MuXiang C., ChengJun., Min W. , and BoPing Y. (2009). Leaf anatomical changes of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza seedlings under salt stress. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 17:169-175
  19. Senaratna, T., Touchell D., Bunn E., and Dixon K. (2000). Acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin) and salicylic acid induce multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 30:157–161
  20. Shannon, M. C. (1997). Adaptation of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy,60: 75-120
  21. Shennan, C., Hunt R., Macrobbie E. A. C. (1987). Salt tolerance in Aster tripolium L. I. The effect of salinity on growth. Plant, Cell & Environment, 10:59-65
  22. Singh, K. P., Chaturvedi V. K., Bandana B., (2010). Effects of salicylic acid on seedling growth and nitrogen metabolism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 6:103-113
  23. Singh R., Hemantaranjan A and Patel P. K. (2015). Salicylic acid improves salinity tolerance in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) by intensifying antioxidant defense system and preventing salt-induced nitrate reductase (NR) activity loss. Legume Research, 38: 202-208
  24. Steel, R. G. D., and Torrie J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistic. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc. New York.
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 4 (august 2018) : 368-373,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-343

    Anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedling affected by salicylic acid and salt stress

    M
    M.A. Hasan
    S
    S.K. AL-Taweel
    H
    H.A. Alamrani
    M
    M.A. AL-Naqeeb
    M
    M.H.K. AL-Baldawwi
    J
    J.H. Hamza
    1Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadiriya, Baghdad, Iraq.
    Cite article:- Hasan M.A., AL-Taweel S.K., Alamrani H.A., AL-Naqeeb M.A., AL-Baldawwi M.H.K., Hamza J.H. (2018). Anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedling affected by salicylic acid and salt stress. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(4): 368-373. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-343.

    ABSTRACT

    A laboratory experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture University of  Baghdad in 2017. The aim was to improve the anatomical and physiological traits of broad bean seedling under salt stress by soaking it in salicylic acid. The concentrations of salicylic acid were 0, 10, and 20 mg L-1 and the electrical conductivity levels were 0, 3, and 6 dS m-1. The complete randomized design was used with four replications. The increasing of salicylic acid concentration up to 10 mg L-1 led to increasing the stem cortex thickness, stem vascular bundles thickness, and root cortex thickness significantly by (34.9,36.7,and 55 µm) respectively, while the treatment of 20 mg L-1 led to decreasing these traits by (28.2, 27.8, and 48.1 µm), compared to control treatment (33.8, 35.9, and 53.8 µm), respectively, and the interaction of studied factors led to increasing those traits up to 10 mg L-1 and then decreased up to 20 mg L-1 of salicylic acid under each level of electrical conductivity. Therefore, it is recommended to soak the broad been seeds with 10 mg L-1 salicylic acid to improve the anatomical traits of seedlings and increase their tolerance to salt stress up to 6 dS m-1.

    REFERENCES

    1. Al-Hadeethi, M. A. (2016). Anatomical and palynological study of Myrtus communis L. Diyala Journal for Pure Science,12:1-15
    2. Çavuþoðlu, Kiliç K. S., and Kabar K. (2007). Some morphological and anatomical observations during alleviation of salinity (NaCl) stress on seed germination and seedling growth of barley by polyamines. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 29:551-557
    3. Çavuþoðlu, Kiliç K. S., and Kabar K. (2008). Effects of some plant growth regulators on leaf anatomy of radish seedlings grown under saline conditions. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 2:47-50
    4. Dawood, M., G and EL-Awadi M. (2015).Alleviation of salinity stress on Vicia faba L. plants via seeds priming with melatonin. Acta boil. Colomb., 20:223-235
    5. Evert, R. F. (2006). Esau’s Plant Anatomy, Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function, and Development. 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    6. Fahn, A. (1979). Secretory Tissues in Plants.New jersey. Academic Press. New york.
    7. Farjam S., H. Kazemi-Arbat, Siosemardeh A., Yarnia M., and Rokhzadi A., (2015). Effects of salicylic and ascorbic acid applications on growth, yield, water use efficiency and some physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under reduced irrigation. Legume Research, 38: 66-71
    8. Gomaa, E. F., Nassar R. M. A., and Madkour M. A., (2015). Effect of foliar spray with salicylic acid on vegetative growth, stem and leaf anatomy, photosynthetic pigments and productivity of Egyptian lupine plant (Lupinus termis Forssk.). International Journal of Advanced Research, 3:803-813
    9. Hernandez, J., Jimenez A., Mullineaux A and Sevilla P. F., (2000). Tolerance of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to long term salt stress is associated with induction of antioxidant defenses. Plant CellEnviron. 23: 853-862
    10. Hwang, Y. H., and Chen S. C., (1995). Anatomical responses in Kandelia candel (L.) Druce seedlings growing in the presence of different concentrations of NaCl. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin, 36:181-188
    11. International Seed Testing Association. (2013). International rules for seed testing. Adopted at the ordinary meeting 2012, Venlo, the Netherlands to become effective on 1st January 2013, Chapter 5.
    12. Khodary, S. E. A. (2004). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants.International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,6:5-8
    13. Kiliç, S., Cavuþoðlu K and Kabar K., (2007). Effects of 24-epibrassinolide on salinity stress induced inhibition of seed germination, seedling growth and leaf anatomy of barley. SDÜ FEN DERGÝSÝ, 2:41-52
    14. Kusvuran, A. (2015). The effects of salt stress on the germination and antioxidative enzyme activity of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) varieties. Legume Research, 38:51-59
    15. Maddah S. M., Falahian F. A., Sabaghpour S. H., and Chalabian F., (2007). Effect of salicylic acid on yield, yield components and anatomical structures of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Sciences (Islamic Azad University), 16:61-70 
    16. Metcalfe, C. R., and Chalk L. (1979). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. 2nd ed. Clarendon Press Oxford.
    17. Moussa, H. R., and Hassan M. A. (2016). Growth enhancers to mitigate salinity stress in Vicia faba. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 22:243-250 
    18. Rui, L. S. Wei, MuXiang C., ChengJun., Min W. , and BoPing Y. (2009). Leaf anatomical changes of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza seedlings under salt stress. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 17:169-175
    19. Senaratna, T., Touchell D., Bunn E., and Dixon K. (2000). Acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin) and salicylic acid induce multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 30:157–161
    20. Shannon, M. C. (1997). Adaptation of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy,60: 75-120
    21. Shennan, C., Hunt R., Macrobbie E. A. C. (1987). Salt tolerance in Aster tripolium L. I. The effect of salinity on growth. Plant, Cell & Environment, 10:59-65
    22. Singh, K. P., Chaturvedi V. K., Bandana B., (2010). Effects of salicylic acid on seedling growth and nitrogen metabolism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 6:103-113
    23. Singh R., Hemantaranjan A and Patel P. K. (2015). Salicylic acid improves salinity tolerance in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) by intensifying antioxidant defense system and preventing salt-induced nitrate reductase (NR) activity loss. Legume Research, 38: 202-208
    24. Steel, R. G. D., and Torrie J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistic. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc. New York.
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